A note on the effects of 72-hour calf removal and/or bull exposure upon post-partum reproductive performance of angus cows

1990 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Bonavera ◽  
G. C. S. Schiersmann ◽  
R. H. Alberio ◽  
J. Mestre
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Good Body Condition ◽  
Calf Removal ◽  
Natural Service

The objective of the present study was to determine whether short-term calf removal (SCR) and/or bull exposure (BE) could improve post-partum reproductive performance. The trial was conducted during the spring and early summer when forage availability was optimum. Sixty-four Angus multiparous cows in good body condition were allotted according to a 2 × 2 factorial design involving SCR and BE. At 33 days post partum calves were removed for 72 h from the SCR and SCR + BE groups, and a vasectomized bull was introduced to the BE and SCR + BE groups and remained with the cows until the end of the experiment. Oestrous detection was performed daily based only on the homosexual behaviour of the cows. Cows were bred by natural service by two fertile bulls. Blood samples for progesterone analysis were collected alternatively every 3 and 4 days from 26 to 120 days post partum. There were no significant differences (P > 0·05) among groups in the ovulation, oestrus, and pregnancy rates during the breeding period, in conception rates, nor in the intervals from calving to first ovulation, to first oestrus, and to conception. Under the conditions of this experiment 72 h calf removal and/or bull exposure did not improve post-partum reproductive performance.

13 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARLIER POSTPARTUM CYCLICITY AND SUBSEQUENT REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN DAIRY COWS: A FIELD TRIAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
I. H. Kim ◽  
H. C. Lee ◽  
H. G. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Earlier postpartum cyclicity based on hormonal analysis was related to the subsequent fertility, although it has not been clarified under field conditions. This field study examined the relationship between the detection of corpus luteum (CL) at the first post partum month and subsequent reproductive performance in dairy cows. Holstein dairy cows underwent ultrasonography (Sonoace 600 with 7.5 MHz linear-array transducer; Medison Co. Ltd., Korea) at 30 (±7) days postpartum to determine the existence of CL in ovaries and then divided into 2 groups based on the existence of CL; the CL group (n = 156) or the non-CL group (n = 281). At the same time of ultrasonography, all cows were scored for body condition. Cows received the normal herd reproductive management program including oestrous detection or synchronization, or synchronization of ovulation in the breeding period. Pregnancy was determined per rectum 60 days after artificial insemination by both ultrasonography and palpation. Reproductive performance data were collected for a minimum of 210 days postpartum. Reproduction data between the CL and non-CL groups were evaluated by t-test, chi-square test, or logistic regression using an SAS program (Version 9.1: SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The proportion of cows with CL in ovaries at 30 (±7) days postpartum was 35.7% of all cows. The number of days to first insemination after calving was more delayed (P < 0.0001) in the non-CL group (100.1 ± 2.7 days) than in the CL group (80.9 ± 2.9 days), while the pregnancy rate to first insemination did not differ (P > 0.05) between the CL group (44.2%) and the non-CL group (45.9%). The CL group had higher pregnancy proportions (PP) within 60 (odds ratio, OR = 2.3; P = 0.0063), 90 (OR = 1.6; P = 0.04), and 120 days (OR = 1.5; P = 0.05) postpartum than the non-CL group; however, the PP within 150 or 210 days postpartum did not differ between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Besides, logistic analysis revealed that cows with body condition score (BCS) ≥3.00 were more likely to have CL (OR = 1.8; P = 0.015) compared with cows with BCS ≤ 2.75, while primiparous cows were less likely to have CL (OR = 0.6; P = 0.0085) compared with multiparous cows. In addition, cows that underwent ultrasonography later than 30 days postpartum were more likely to have CL (OR = 1.6; P = 0.0192) compared with cows that underwent ultrasonography earlier. In conclusion, the earlier cyclicity based on the detection of CL using ultrasonography at the first postpartum month, which might be in part due to a higher BCS, predicts an enhanced reproductive performance in dairy cows, particularly during the early and early-mid lactations. This work was supported by the research grant of the Chungbuk National University in 2010.

scholarly journals Effects of breed, age, parity, body weight and body condition on productive and reproductive performance of buffalo cows at Rajshahi district of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-547
Author(s):  
Rashida Khaton ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain ◽  
Md Reazul Islam ◽  
Md Jalal Uddin Sarder
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Good Body Condition ◽  
Heat Period

The present study was to evaluate the reproductive and productive performance (RPP) of Indigenous (n=145) and Nili-Ravi cross-bred (n=55) dairy buffalo in relation to age, parity, body weight and body condition. A total of 200 buffalo cows were randomly selected and interviewed to collect data on reproductive and productive performance of buffalo cows of Rajshahi district by using pre-tested questionnaire during the period from January 2015 to December 2015. The average mean ± SD value of reproductive and productive performances were as age at puberty (AP), age at first calving (AFC), gestation length (GL), post-partum heat period (PPHP), milk yield per day (MYPD), lactation length (LL), birth weight of calf (BWC) and calving interval (CI) were recorded as 25.05±4.00 months, 35.26±4.14 months, 308.28±12.46 days, 84.00±25.95 days, 3.59±0.56 litre, 202.76±33.54 days, 28.79±4.23 kilogram and 461.36±15.41 days, respectively. Nili-Ravi cross-bred buffalo cow had shown better RPP than Indigenous. The genotype of buffalo cows had significant effect (p<0.05) on most of the RPP except AP, AFC and CI. Age of buffalo had also significant effect (p<0.05) on GL, PPHP and BWC and middle age (4 to < 7yrs) observed good RPP. The best RPP were recorded in 2nd parity than others and also significant effect (p<0.05) on GL, MYPD and BWC. Body weight and body condition of buffalo had significant effect (p<0.05) on PPHP, BWC and MYPD. The body weight of >350 kg and very good body condition groups were observed better reproductive performance. It could be concluded that the buffalo owners of these areas do not follow any scientific method of buffalo husbandry; they just follow traditional rearing systems. Very recently, a few farmers started farming of the mostly Indigenous buffalo cows for dairy purpose at Rajshahi region of Bangladesh. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 536-547

scholarly journals Effect of dietary-induced increases in circulating insulin concentrations during the early postpartum period on reproductive function in dairy cows

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Gong ◽  
WJ Lee ◽  
PC Garnsworthy ◽  
R Webb
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Selection For

Although it has become increasingly clear that fertility in modern dairy cattle is declining in association with increased milk yields, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. The first ovulation post partum is delayed in dairy cows undergoing selection for genetic merit for milk yield in association with lower circulating insulin concentrations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether feeding a diet to increase circulating insulin concentrations can overcome this delay in the first ovulation post partum. The experiment was a 2 x 2 factorial design (n = 10 per group) involving diet and genetic merit for milk yield. The dietary treatment started on the day of calving and lasted for 50 days. Plasma samples were collected each day and ovarian ultra-sonography was performed three times a week during the experimental feeding period. Milk yield was recorded each day, and body weight and body condition score were determined each week. Milk samples were collected three times a week from day 50 to day 105 post partum, and reproductive performance data were recorded for all the cows as part of the routine farm practice. The dietary treatment induced significant differences in plasma insulin concentrations in both high and low genetic merit cows. Although high genetic merit cows produced more milk, lost more body weight and had lower body condition scores during the experiment, no significant effect of diet was observed on these measurements. The high insulin inducing diet increased the proportion of cows ovulating within 50 days of calving and reduced the intervals from calving to first ovulation, and tended to reduce the intervals from calving to first service and to conception. These fertility parameters were also more favourable in low than in high genetic merit cows, but no interaction between diet and genetic merit was observed for any of these parameters. Genetic merit, but not diet, also affected the number of services required per conception and the conception rate. In conclusion, these results have confirmed that genetic selection for high milk yield is associated with a decrease in reproductive performance in dairy cows. More importantly, this study has demonstrated that it is possible to alleviate this problem by nutritional manipulation.

Reproduction in the mosaic-tailed rat, Melomys cervinipes (Rodentia :Muridae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Taylor ◽  
BE Horner
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Mode Of Reproduction ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Modest Contribution ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The mosaic-tailed rat, M. cervinipes, is usually an abundant murid where it occurs in the northern regions of Australia. It is an inhabitant of the forests and their fringe associations and is semi-arboreal. Although the annual reproductive performance is unknown, breeding occurs at least in late spring and summer in more southern areas of its distribution and extends into autumn and winter farther north. Litter size ranges from two to four. The nipple-clinging behaviour of the young appears to be of selective advantage as an escape mechanism. Description of the histology of the gonads and accessory sex glands is given for juveniles, breeding adults, and sexually quiescent adults. M. cervinipes is polyoestrous and a spontaneous ovulator and may experience a post-partum oestrus. Melomys is not known to occur in plague proportions in its native habitat; its mode of reproduction favours a prolonged and modest contribution of young within a breeding period.

scholarly journals Lucerne with a high coumestrol content is not a suitable feed for ewes just before and during the early breeding period

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
L.M. Cranston ◽  
P.R. Kenyon ◽  
R.L. Fields ◽  
D.J. Moot ◽  
R.A. Corner-Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Time Of Breeding ◽  
Body Condition Scores

Abstract The objective was to determine whether grazing lucerne for 7 days before breeding and for the first 7 days of breeding affected the reproductive performance of ewes with different body condition scores (average of 3.2 versus 3.7). This was compared with grazing a grass-based sward with a high proportion of dead herbage that was available at the time of breeding in a summer dry region (Wairarapa) in autumn 2016. The lucerne contained large amounts of fungal infected stem and dead herbage, which induced high levels of coumestrol (107 ± 15 mg/kg DM). By the end of the feeding period the grass and lucerne on offer were both of low quality (7.8 MJ ME/kg DM). Ewes that grazed lucerne for 7 days before breeding and for the first 7 days of the breeding period produced 18 fewer (P

scholarly journals Improve Reproductive Performance in Your Cow Herd Using Calf Removal

EDIS ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Calf Removal ◽  
Animal Sciences

AN166, a 5-page fact sheet by Gary R. Hansen, discusses three methods of calf-removal and when to use each: short-term calf removal, once-daily suckling, and early weaning. Includes references and tables. Published by the UF Department of Animal Sciences, September 2006.

Effects of body condition, food intake and temporary calf separation on the duration of the post-partum anoestrous period and associated LH, FSH and prolactin concentrations in beef cows

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Wright ◽  
S. M. Rhind ◽  
A. J. F. Russel ◽  
T. K. Whyte ◽  
Alison J. McBean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Condition Score

ABSTRACTAn experiment was conducted to examine factors affecting the length of the post-partum anoestrous period and associated effects on LH, FSH and prolactin. Forty-six cows (24 Hereford × Friesian and 22 Blue-Grey) ranging in body condition score at calving from 1·50 to 2·75 were used. They were individually fed chopped barley straw and concentrate at either 50 (low) or 91 (high) MJ metabolizable energy per day from calving. At 34 days post partum half the cows were separated from their calves for 48 h. The duration of the post-partum anoestrous period was estimated from progesterone concentrations in thrice weekly blood samples. Blood samples were collected every 20 min for 10 h periods immediately prior to calf separation, during the last 10 h of calf separation and 1 week later. All samples were analysed for LH, and every third sample was analysed for FSH and prolactin.There were no significant effects of genotype, feeding level or calf separation on the length of the post-partum anoestrous period. There was a negative association between body condition score at calving and the length of the anoestrous period, with each unit increase in body condition score reducing the anoestrous period by 43 (s.e. 20) days. There was some evidence that feeding level affected the number of thin cows (body condition score ≤2·25 at calving) which were still acyclic at the end of the experiment, but not the number of fat cows (body condition score ≥2·5 at calving).FSH levels were not affected by any of the factors examined. Prolactin concentrations were higher in fatter cows, in cows on the higher level of feeding and in Blue-Grey cows. Prolactin concentrations decreased during the period of calf separation. Genotype and feeding level had no effect on LH concentration or LH pulse frequency. LH pulse frequency was increased (P < 0·05) during the period of calf separation, but there was no effect 1 week later. There was a significant positive relationship between LH puise frequency and body condition score at calving in two of the three sampling periods.It is suggested that the effect of body condition on the duration of the post-partum anoestrous period i s mediated through effects on LH pulse frequency.

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