Effects of a comprehensive fruit- and vegetable-promoting school-based intervention in three European countries: the Pro Children Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. te Velde ◽  
J. Brug ◽  
M. Wind ◽  
C. Hildonen ◽  
M. Bjelland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
School Based ◽  
Sustained Effects ◽  
Multilevel Linear Regression

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the Pro Children intervention on schoolchildren's fruit and vegetable (FV) intake after 1 and 2 years of follow-up. The intervention combined a FV curriculum with efforts to improve FV availability at schools and at home. Effects were examined in a group-randomised trial among 1472 10–11-year-old children from sixty-two schools in Norway, the Netherlands and Spain. FV intake was assessed by means of validated self-administered questionnaires completed before the intervention (September 2003), immediately after the first year of the intervention (May 2004) and 1 year later (May 2005). Data were analysed using multilevel linear regression analyses with age and sex as covariates. Significant intervention effects for FV intake were found at first follow-up in the total sample. The adjusted FV intake reported by the children from intervention schools was 20 % higher than FV intake reported by children from control schools. At 1 year later, a significant impact was only observed in Norway. Positive intervention effects on FV intake occurred both at school and outside school. We conclude that the Pro Children intervention is a promising means to promote European schoolchildren's FV intakes, but mainly fruit intake, in the short term. As shown in Norway, where the intervention was best implemented, the intervention might also result in longer-term effects. Further strategies need to be developed that can improve implementation, have an impact on vegetable intake and can secure sustained effects.

scholarly journals Effects of a school-based intervention on adherence of 7–9-year-olds to food-based dietary guidelines and intake of nutrients

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1151-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa G Kristjansdottir ◽  
Erlingur Johannsson ◽  
Inga Thorsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
School Based Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Dietary Records

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of a school-based intervention on the diets of 7–9-year-olds.DesignDietary intake of children in second and fourth grades was assessed with 3d weighed dietary records in autumn 2006 and autumn 2008, before and after a school-based intervention that started in the middle of second grade, and compared with control schools with no intervention. The diet was evaluated by comparison with food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) and reference values for nutrient intake. The intervention aimed at several determinants of intake: knowledge, awareness, preferences/taste, self-efficacy and parental influence. Nutrition education material was developed for the intervention and implemented in collaboration with teachers. The main focus of the intervention was on fruit and vegetable intake as the children’s intake was far from meeting the FBDG on fruit and vegetables at baseline.SettingElementary schools in Reykjavik, Iceland.SubjectsComplete dietary records were available for 106 children both at baseline and follow-up.ResultsTotal fruit and vegetable intake increased by 47 % in the intervention schools (mean: 61·3 (sd126·4) g/d) and decreased by 27 % in the control schools (mean: 46·5 (sd105·3) g/d;P< 0·001). The majority of the children in the intervention schools did still not meet the FBDG on fruits and vegetables at follow-up. Fibre intake increased significantly in the intervention schools, as well as that of potassium, magnesium, β-carotene and vitamin C (borderline).ConclusionsThe school-based intervention in 7–9-year-olds was effective in increasing fruit and vegetable intake, by 47 % increase from baseline, which was mirrored in nutrient intake.

scholarly journals A cluster-randomised controlled trial of a school-based fruit and vegetable intervention: Project Tomato

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte EL Evans ◽  
Joan K Ransley ◽  
Meaghan S Christian ◽  
Darren C Greenwood ◽  
James D Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
School Based

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine whether a multi-component school-based intervention can maintain children's fruit and vegetable intake post eligibility for free school fruit and vegetables.DesignA random sample of fifty-four English primary schools was randomised to receive the 10-month intervention Project Tomato, a multi-component theory-based intervention, or the control. Each group consisted of twenty-seven schools.SettingChildren's intake of fruit and vegetables is below recommendations. The English School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme has a short-term impact on intake while children are eligible for the scheme.SubjectsDietary measurements were collected from 658 Year 2 pupils aged 7–8 years at baseline and at follow-up 20 months later.ResultsFollowing an intention to treat analysis, the intervention as delivered compared with the control had no impact on the intake of fruit and vegetables (2 g/d, 95 % CI −23, 26 g/d) or on the number of portions of fruit (0·0 portions, 95 % CI −0·3, 0·3) or vegetables (0·0 portions, 95 % CI −0·2, 0·3) consumed daily by children. Intake of fruit and vegetables at school and home dropped by ∼100 g/d and 50 g/d, respectively, between baseline and follow-up in both the intervention and control groups.ConclusionsImplementation of the intervention was low, with associated lack of impact on fruit and vegetable consumption in children. Alternatives to the delivery of an intervention by teachers and parents are needed to improve the dietary intake of primary-school children.

scholarly journals A comprehensive multicomponent school-based educational intervention did not affect fruit and vegetable intake at the 14-year follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Øvrebø ◽  
Tonje H. Stea ◽  
Saskia J. te Velde ◽  
Mona Bjelland ◽  
Knut-Inge Klepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
School Based

Socio-economic differences in smoking among adolescents in a school-based smoking intervention: The X:IT II study

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110076
Author(s):  
Lotus S. Bast ◽  
Lisbeth Lund ◽  
Stine G. LauemØller ◽  
Simone G. Kjeld ◽  
Pernille Due ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
First Year ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Smoking Intervention ◽  
School Time ◽  
School Based ◽  
Inequality In Health ◽  
Baseline Response

Aims: Socio-economic inequalities in health behaviour may be influenced by health interventions. We examined whether the X:IT II intervention, aiming at preventing smoking in adolescence, was equally effective among students from different occupational social classes (OSC). Methods: We used data from the multi-component school-based smoking preventive intervention X:IT II, targeting 13- to 15-year-olds in Denmark. The intervention was tested in 46 schools with 2307 eligible students at baseline (response rate=86.6%) and had three main intervention components: smoke-free school time, smoke-free curriculum and parental involvement. We used a difference-in-difference design and estimated the change in current smoking after the first year of implementation in high versus low OSC. Analyses were based on available cases ( N=1190) and imputation of missing data at follow-up ( N=1967). Results: We found that 1% of the students from high OSC and 4.9% from low OSC were smokers at baseline (imputed data), and 8.2% of the students from high OSC and 12.2% from low OSC were smokers at follow-up. Difference-in-difference estimates were close to zero, indicating no differential trajectory. Conclusions: As intended, the X:IT II intervention, designed to apply equally to students from all socio-economic groups, did not seem to create different trajectories in current smoking among adolescents in high and low socio-economic groups. To diminish social inequality in health, future studies should carefully consider the ability to affect all socio-economic groups equally, or even to appeal mainly to participants from lower socio-economic groups, as they are often the ones most in need of intervention.

Comparison of Statistical Models For Estimating Intervention Effects Based On Time-To-Recurrent-Event In Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial Using Open Cohort Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Oyamada ◽  
Shih-Wei Chiu ◽  
Takuhiro Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Stepped Wedge ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Cohort Design

Abstract Background: There are currently no methodological studies on the performance of the statistical models for estimating intervention effects based on the time-to-recurrent-event (TTRE) in stepped wedge cluster randomised trial (SWCRT) using an open cohort design. This study aims to address this by evaluating the performance of these statistical models using an open cohort design with the Monte Carlo simulation in various settings and their application using an actual example.Methods: Using Monte Carlo simulations, we evaluated the performance of the existing extended Cox proportional hazard models, i.e., the Andersen-Gill (AG), Prentice-Williams-Peterson Total-Time (PWP-TT), and Prentice-Williams-Peterson Gap-time (PWP-GT) models, using the settings of several event generation models and true intervention effects, with and without stratification by clusters. Unidirectional switching in SWCRT was represented using time-dependent covariates.Results: Using Monte Carlo simulations with the various described settings, the PWP-GT model with stratification by clusters showed the best performance in most settings and reasonable performance in the others. The only situation in which the performance of the PWP-TT model with stratification by clusters was not inferior to that of the PWP-GT model with stratification by clusters was when there was a certain amount of follow-up period, and the timing of the trial entry was random within the trial period, including the follow-up period. The AG model performed well only in a specific setting. By analysing actual examples, it was found that almost all the statistical models suggested that the risk of events during the intervention condition may be somewhat higher than in the control, although the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions: The PWP-GT model with stratification by clusters had the most reasonable performance when estimating intervention effects based on the TTRE in SWCRT in various settings using an open cohort design.

scholarly journals Improving fruit and vegetable intake attenuates the genetic association with long-term weight gain

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiange Wang ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Dianjianyi Sun ◽  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

ABSTRACT Background Whether changes in fruit and vegetable intake can modify the effect of genetic susceptibility to obesity on long-term changes in BMI and body weight are uncertain. Objective We analyzed the interactions of changes in total and specific fruit and vegetable intake with genetic susceptibility to obesity in relation to changes in BMI and body weight. Methods We calculated a genetic risk score on the basis of 77 BMI-associated loci to determine the genetic susceptibility to obesity, and examined the interactions of changes in total and specific fruit and vegetable intake with the genetic risk score on changes in BMI and body weight within five 4-y intervals over 20 y of follow-up in 8943 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and 5308 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). Results In the combined cohorts, repeated 4-y BMI change per 10-risk allele increment was 0.09 kg/m2 among participants with the greatest decrease in total fruit and vegetable intake and −0.02 among those with the greatest increase in intake (P-interaction <0.001; corresponding weight change: 0.20 kg compared with −0.06 kg). The magnitude of decrease in BMI associated with increasing fruit and vegetable intake was more prominent among participants with high genetic risk than those with low risk. Reproducible interactions were observed for fruits and vegetables separately (both P-interaction <0.001). Based on similar nutritional content, the interaction effect was greatest for berries, citrus fruits, and green leafy vegetables, and the interaction pattern persisted regardless of the different fiber content or glycemic load of fruits and vegetables. Conclusions Genetically associated increased BMI and body weight could be mitigated by increasing fruit and vegetable intake, and the beneficial effect of improving fruit and vegetable intake on weight management was more pronounced in individuals with greater genetic susceptibility to obesity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a PSE School-Based Fruit and Vegetable Intervention (P04-166-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Morgera ◽  
Kate Balestracci ◽  
Joanna Raymond ◽  
Sarah Amin ◽  
Geoffrey Greene
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Standard Instruction ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
School Based ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Wellness Policies ◽  
Post Assessment

Abstract Objectives To determine the effect of a policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) intervention, Students Take Charge! (STC) among 4th and 5th grade students from low-income communities on 1) fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, and 2) FV variety, PSE and FV knowledge, and self-efficacy (SE) to ask for FV at school and home. Methods A quasi-experimental design was used involving six schools over two years. Schools were purposely selected; two schools each year either received STC or standard instruction. The study sample includes students (n = 326 intervention; n = 351 comparison) providing pre and post data (baseline and post-assessment at week 18). SNAP-Ed educators provided the 8-lesson STC curriculum across 18 weeks; comparison students received standard instruction. STC is a school-based PSE intervention focusing on empowering students to make FV based changes at school and at home. STC taught students about wellness policies, persuasive messages, and making requests; it cumulated with a vote to add a student submitted FV-based recipe to the school lunch menu. In addition, STC provided information about the importance of FV intake and variety. Students completed the STC survey at both time points assessing FV intake, variety, knowledge and SE. Analyses compared intervention and comparison students from baseline to post-assessment using ANCOVA (1) and MANOVA (2). Results From baseline to post-assessment, there were significant differences (P < 0.01) between intervention and comparison students; intervention students decreased fruit intake and variety, increased PSE knowledge and SE in school.There were no differences in vegetable intake, variety or FV knowledge between intervention and comparison students. There was a trend (P = .09) towards increased student SE to ask parents for FV in the home in the intervention students compared to the comparison students. Conclusions STC was associated with an increase in PSE knowledge and student SE to ask for FV in school. STC may require additional strategies, including home-based strategies, to increase FV knowledge, intake, and variety behavior changes. Funding Sources USDA SNAP-Ed.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Japanese Adolescents: A School-Based Study in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5550
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Sato ◽  
Masamitsu Miyanaga ◽  
Da-Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

A few studies in Japan have demonstrated positive attitudes, self-efficacy, social support, and perceived barrier were associated with fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake in adults; however, limited evidence addresses the association of psychosocial factors with F&V intake in adolescents. A cross-sectional study through a questionnaire survey was conducted at junior and senior high schools, and 933 students completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by X2 test and Student t-test. The findings demonstrated 2.7% of participants were aware of the current recommendations for vegetable and 2.0% for fruit. Only 4% and 8.1% of participants reported they consumed recommended amount of vegetables and fruits. In comparison with males, females showed higher scores of attitude (p < 0.01), responsibility (p < 0.01), and social support (p < 0.01). The barriers to vegetable intake were “I’m eating enough now”, “not always available when eating away from home”; the barriers to fruit intake were “don’t have a habit of having 100% juice or fruit in the morning”, and “cost too much”. The findings suggest the change of adolescents’ knowledge about what they should eat is needed in boosting F&V consumption. The development of an intervention program for adolescents needs to target socio-environmental factors such as family support, and nutritional education for early healthy habit formation.

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