Detection of isozyme polymorphism and estimation of geographic variation in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

AbstractIsozyme polymorphism in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) was investigated using isoelectric focusing. Four of the 18 enzyme systems assayed were polymorphic. Allelic designations could be made for two enzyme systems (PGM and AK), but not for GPI and IDH, and GPI seemed to be sex-linked. Using the two highly polymorphic enzyme systems, GPI and PGM, geographic variation was estimated among several Asian (except Japanese) laboratory populations and several Japanese wild populations. Significant variation was observed among the Asian (except Japanese) populations, but the genetic structures of Japanese populations were very similar to each other. These results are suggestive of substantial differentiation among Asian populations and large panmictic structure of the migrant population.

Download Full-text

Stable Establishment of Cardinium spp. in the Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens despite Decreased Host Fitness

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02509-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Tong-Pu Li ◽

Chun-Ying Zhou ◽

Si-Si Zha ◽

Jun-Tao Gong ◽

Zhiyong Xi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Brown Planthopper ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

Hatching Rate ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Maternal Transmission ◽

Sogatella Furcifera ◽

Content Type ◽

Major Pest

ABSTRACT The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera) is a major pest of rice crops in Asia. Artificial transinfections of Wolbachia have recently been used for reducing host impacts, but transinfections have not yet been undertaken with another important endosymbiont, Cardinium. This endosymbiont can manipulate the reproduction of hosts through phenotypes such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which is strong in the related white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera). Here, we stably infected N. lugens with Cardinium from S. furcifera and showed that it exhibits perfect maternal transmission in N. lugens. The density of Cardinium varied across developmental stages and tissues of the transinfected host. Cardinium did not induce strong CI in N. lugens, likely due to its low density in testicles. The infection did decrease fecundity and hatching rate in the transinfected host, but a decrease in fecundity was not apparent when transinfected females mated with Wolbachia-infected males. The experiments show the feasibility of transferring Cardinium endosymbionts across hosts, but the deleterious effects of Cardinium on N. lugens limit its potential to spread in wild populations of N. lugens in the absence of strong CI. IMPORTANCE In this study we established a Cardinium-infected N. lugens line that possessed complete maternal transmission. Cardinium had a widespread distribution in tissues of N. lugens, and this infection decreased the fecundity and hatching rate of the host. Our findings emphasize the feasibility of transinfection of Cardinium in insects, which expands the range of endosymbionts that could be manipulated for pest control.

Download Full-text

The flight capabilities of laboratory and tropical field populations of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300007896 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 589-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

P. S. Baker ◽

R. J. Cooter ◽

P. M. Chang ◽

H. B. Hashim

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Long Range ◽

Brown Planthopper ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens ◽

Third Generation ◽

The Third ◽

Field Laboratory ◽

Laboratory Populations ◽

Range Migration ◽

Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

AbstractThe duration of flight by Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) of tropical origin from field and laboratory populations was studied. Field insects (from the third generation on rice) flew longer and more readily than laboratorybred insects. The longest recorded flight, of 10·75 h, was by a female from the field. Laboratory-reared insects performed poorly even after only one generation in the laboratory. Flights that were started in the morning lasted longer than those started in the afternoon. Lift production varied between individuals and during a continuous flight. Individuals flying for over 150 min tended to produce more lift for a longer proportion of the flight than those flying for less than 10 min. The pattern of lift production appeared to be similar in successive flights, except in those following very long flights when the insect appeared to be exhausted. There was no tendency for the first flight to be the longest. Up to 28% loss of body weight was recorded (in a flight lasting 512 min) during flight. The results indicate that individuals from tropical field populations of N. lugens have the capacity for long range migration.

Download Full-text