Systematics and molecular phylogeny of two African stem borer genera, Sciomesa Tams & Bowden and Carelis Bowden (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Moyal ◽  
B. Le Ru ◽  
D. Conlong ◽  
D. Cugala ◽  
B. Defabachew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractCurrently, the systematics of the African noctuid stem borers of the subtribe Sesamiina, which include major pests of cereals, is confused. In addition, their ecology is poorly known, as are the factors influencing their evolution. In this paper, we address these shortcomings for two genera of the Sesamiina, Sciomesa Tams & Bowden and Carelis Bowden. Mixed Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, which included their host plants and two mitochondrial genes, showed the genus Sciomesa to be polyphyletic. Two new genera were created, Pirateolea and Feraxinia. The genus Carelis proved to be paraphyletic and was subdivided into two sub-genera. The genera Sciomesa, Carelis and Pirateolea (named the ‘Sciomesa genus group’) share morphological traits, and the phylogenetic analysis showed that they had a common ancestor living on Cyperaceae and that they were distant from the genus Feraxinia belonging to another clade which had an ancestor living on Poaceae. Seven new species were described: Sciomesa gnosia sp. n., Sciomesia bua sp. n., Pirateolea nola gen. n, sp. n., Feraxinia serena gen. n., sp. n., Carelis australis sp. n., Carelis transversa sp. n. and Carelis agnae sp. n. Ten species were sunk as synonyms: Sciomesa mesoscia (Hampson) syn. n., Sciomesa mirifica Laporte syn. n., Sciomesa constantini Laporte syn. n. and Sciomesa etchecopari Laporte syn. n. are synonyms of Sciomesa mesophaea (Aurivillius); Acrapex sparsipucta Laporte syn. n. is a synonym of Sciomesa excelsa (Laporte) comb. n.; Acrapex congitae Laporte syn. n., Sesamia minuta Laporte syn. n. and Sesamia minuscula Laporte syn. n. are synonyms of Sciomesa boulardi (Laporte) comb. n.; Acrapex bryae Laporte syn. n. and Acrapex fayei Laporte syn. n. are synonyms of Feraxinia jemjemensis (Laporte) comb. n. Eleven new combinations were created: Sciomesa excelsa (Laporte) comb. n., Sciomesa boulardi (Laporte) comb. n., Sciomesa punctipennis (Krüger) comb. n., Pirateolea piscator (Fletcher) comb. n., Pirateolea argocyma (Fletcher) comb. n., Pirateolea cyclophora (Fletcher) comb. n., Pirateolea ochroneura (Fletcher) comb. n., Pirateolea funebris (Krüger) comb. n., Feraxinia nyei (Fletcher) comb. n., Feraxinia jemjemensis (Laporte) comb. n. and Carelis biluma (Nye) comb. n.

scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy of Acrapex stem borers (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae : Apameini): combining morphology and Poisson Tree Process analyses

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno P. Le Ru ◽  
Claire Capdevielle-Dulac ◽  
Emmanuel F. A. Toussaint ◽  
Desmond Conlong ◽  
Johnnie Van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Ten morphologically similar species of Acrapex from eastern and south-eastern Africa belonging to the A. stygiata and A. albivena groups are reviewed. Six species are described as new: A. brunneella, A. mitiwa, A. mpika, A. salmona, A. sporobola and A. yakoba. The Poaceae host plants of eight species are recorded; four species, A. mitiwa. A. subalbissima, A. syscia and A. yakoba, were found developing exclusively on Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv., (Andropogoneae); two species, A. sporobola and A. salmona, on I. cylindrica and Sporobolus macranthelus Chiov. (Zoysieae); and A. albivena on I. cylindrica, Miscanthus capensis (Nees) Andersson (Andropogoneae) and Cymbopogon sp. (Andropogoneae). Acrapex stygiata larvae developed on M. capensis and Cymbopogon sp. The host plants of A. brunneella and A. mpika remain unknown. We also conducted molecular phylogenetics and molecular species delimitation analyses on a comprehensive sample of 49 specimens belonging to nine of the studied species. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular species delimitation analyses provided additional evidence of the validity of the six newly described species but also suggested a level of hidden biodiversity for one of them.

The Holarctic genus Teleiopsis: host-plants, biogeography and cladistics (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Pitkin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Consensus Classification ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractTeleiopsis, a Holarctic though predominantly Palaearctic genus, is revised and eleven species are recognized. Three of these are newly described and one new generic combination is established. Keys to the species of Teleiopsis and figures of moths and their male and female genitalia are given. A cladistic analysis was carried out using PAUP (Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony); the results are discussed and a consensus classification of the species is derived. Biological data, as far as known, are given for each species. Host-plant and biogeographical relationships within the genus are analysed and factors influencing intraspecific variation are discussed.

Abundance, dispersion and parasitism of the stem borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chabi-Olaye ◽  
C. Nolte ◽  
F. Schulthess ◽  
C. Borgemeister
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Busseola Fusca ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Humid Forest Zone ◽  
Short Rainy Season ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThis study was conducted in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, in 2002 and 2003. The main objective was to investigate the effects of intercropping on infestation levels and parasitism of the noctuid maize stem borer Busseola fusca Fuller. Two trials were planted per year, one during the long and one during the short rainy season. Maize monocrops were compared with maize/legume or maize/cassava intercrops in two spatial arrangements: maize on alternate hills or in alternate rows. Spatial analyses showed that the stemborer egg batches were regularly dispersed in the maize monocrop and aggregated in the intercrops, as indicated by b, the index of dispersion of Taylor's power law. Depending on the crop association and planting pattern, intercrops reduced the percentage of plants with stem borer eggs by 47.4–58.4% and egg densities by 41.2–54.5% compared to monocropped maize. Consequently, larval densities were 44.4–61.5% lower in intercrops compared to monocrops. Intercropping maize with non-host plants did not affect larval parasitism. Up to two-fold higher levels of egg parasitism by scelionid Telenomus spp. were recorded in inter- compared to monocrops during the short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003. No differences were found among the mixed cropping treatments and parasitism was lower during the long compared to the short rainy seasons. It was proposed that differences in levels of parasitism were due to density dependence effects rather than the effect of the presence of non-host plants in the system.

Taxonomy of the Telenomus busseolae species-complex (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) egg parasitoids of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Pyralidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Polaszek ◽  
Jackson A. Ubeku ◽  
Nilsa A. Bosque-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractMorphological studies of different populations of what was previously considered to be a single species, Telenomus busseolae Gahan, revealed a complex of three distinct species. A total of four species were found to belong to this complex, all of which are egg parasitoids of stem boring Lepidoptera belonging to the closely related noctuid genera Busseola and Sesamia, with a single record from the pyralid stem borer genus Coniesta. All these host genera are of major economic importance as cereal pests. Two of the four Telenomus spp. are fully sympatric with regard to distribution, hosts and oviposition period. Two species, Telenomus isis and Telenomus nagarajae, are described as new.

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