Seasonal Variation in the Water Uptake and Leaf Water Potential of Intercropped and Monocropped Chillies

SUMMARYThe seasonal water use patterns and leaf water potential of chillies (Capsicum annum var. annum) grown as a monocrop and as an intercrop between soyabeans (Glycine max) were studied under a weekly and two weekly irrigation regime on a red duplex soil in Northern Victoria, Australia. Irrigation at two weekly intervals resulted in a temporal stratification of water extraction over the growing season, the soyabeans making their maximum demand during the reproductive phase. Senescence of the soyabeans at the R6–R7, growth stage was accompanied by an increase in water uptake by the intercropped chillies. No corresponding increase in water uptake was observed in monocropped chillies irrigated every two weeks or in intercropped or monocropped chillies irrigated weekly. Leaf water potential of the intercropped chillies was, for the most part, greater than that of the corresponding monocrops.

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Adaptations to Drought in Five Woody Species Co-Occurring on Shallow-Soil Ridges

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9920539 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 539 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M Mishio

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Woody Species ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Bonin Islands ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Shallow Soil ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Water Use Patterns

Pre-dawn leaf water potential and parameters controlling water flow through a plant of five co-occurring plant species, Dodonaea viscosa Jacquin (Sapindaceae), Wikstroemia pseudoretusa Koidzumi (Thymelaeaceae), Ligustrum micranthum Zucc. (Oleaceae), Distylium lepidotum Nakai (Hamamelidaceae) and Hibiscus glaber Matsumura (Malvaceae) were compared in late April, early June and early September 1989. These species are common members of the scrub community found on shallow-soil ridges in the Bonin Islands, Japan. Mean pre-dawn leaf water potential during the dry period of early September was lowest in Dod. Viscosa growing on microsites with shallower soil on a ridge. Deeper rooted species, Dis. Lepidotum and H. glaber, had higher values of pre-dawn leaf water potential than shallower rooted species, L. micranthum and W. pseudoretusa. Anatomical and morphological characteristics, and physiological characteristics such as water relations of leaves suggested that W. pseudoretusa and H. glaber are less tolerant to drought than L. micranthum and Dis. Lepidotum, and that W. pseudoretusa and H. glaber might avoid severe stress by temporal leaf fall and dense deeper root, respectively. Relationships between leaf conductance and hydraulic conductance suggested different water use patterns among the five species growing in close proximity on xeric shallow-soil ridges in the Bonin Islands.

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Does predawn water potential discern between irrigation treatments in Galician white grapevine cultivars?

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2014.48.2.1566 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 123 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

José Manuel Mirás-Avalos ◽

Emiliano Trigo-Córdoba ◽

Yolanda Bouzas-Cid

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Water Status ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Growing Season ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Diurnal Changes ◽

Stem Water Potential ◽

Stem Water

Aims: To evaluate the usefulness of predawn water potential (Ψpd) to assess the water status of Galician grapevine cultivars for irrigation purposes.Methods and results: Three Galician white grapevine cultivars (Albariño, Godello and Treixadura) were subjected to rain-fed and irrigation conditions during the 2013 growing season. Diurnal changes in leaf water potential (Ψl) were measured using a pressure chamber on days with high evapotranspiration demand. Stem water potential (Ψs) was measured at midday. Ψpd was not able to discriminate between treatments, whereas Ψl and Ψs at midday were able to detect significant differences in water status among plants.Conclusion: Ψpd was not useful to evaluate vine water status under the Galician climatic conditions. In contrast, both Ψl and Ψs were effective for detecting differences between treatments and can thus be used for irrigation management purposes.Significance and impact of the study: This is the first study evaluating water status of Galician grapevine cultivars. It also provides useful information about the strategy for its control through measurements of midday Ψl or Ψs.

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Transpiration and water potential of young Quercus petraea (M.) Liebl. coppice sprouts and seedlings during favourable and drought conditions

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/36/2017-jfs ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 313-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stojanović Marko ◽

Szatniewska Justyna ◽

Kyselová Ina ◽

Pokorný Radek ◽

Čater Matjaž

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Growing Season ◽

Adaptive Strategy ◽

Quercus Petraea ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Drought Conditions

Increased frequency and intensity of drought events consequently affect oak high forests with the process of further decline, compromised growth and questionable natural regeneration. To overcome such difficulties, new adaptive strategies are required. Coppicing, as the oldest way of forest management, might provide some solutions. In our study two contrasting management systems, sessile oak coppice and high forest, were compared at the initial stages of regeneration and forest development. The transpiration of young oak sprouts and seedlings was monitored using sap flow systems during the 2015 growing season. The study of transpiration also included leaf water potential measurements during three measurement campaigns with contrasting weather conditions. Coppice sprouts transpired significantly more than seedlings on the individual tree and stand level during the entire growing season 2015; particularly large differences were observed during drought conditions. Coppice sprouts experienced lower water limitations due to the voluminous and deeper root system as indicated by leaf water potential results. Presented results attribute young coppices as one of the promising adaptable forest management types with a better adaptive strategy at the extreme sites under water limiting conditions.

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Water uptake depth is coordinated with leaf water potential, water‐use efficiency and drought vulnerability in karst vegetation

New Phytologist ◽

10.1111/nph.16971 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 229 (3) ◽

pp. 1339-1353

Author(s):

Yali Ding ◽

Yunpeng Nie ◽

Hongsong Chen ◽

Kelin Wang ◽

José I. Querejeta

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Potential ◽

Water Use ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Drought Vulnerability ◽

Use Efficiency

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Impact of soil water potential pattern on root water uptake distribution and leaf water potential

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15095 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Mehmandoost Kotlar ◽

Mathieu Javaux

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Root System ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Flow ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Root Water Uptake ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Hydraulic Lift ◽

Water Potentials

Root water uptake is a major process controlling water balance and accounts for about 60% of global terrestrial evapotranspiration. The root system employs different strategies to better exploit available soil water, however, the regulation of water uptake under the spatiotemporal heterogeneous and uneven distribution of soil water is still a major question. To tackle this question, we need to understand how plants cope with this heterogeneity by adjustment of above ground responses to partial rhizosphere drying. Therefore, we use R-SWMS simulating soil water flow, flow towards the roots, and radial and the axial flow inside the root system to perform numerical experiments on a 9-cell gridded rhizotrone (50 cm&#215;50 cm). The water potentials in each cell can be varied and fixed for the period of simulation and no water flow is allowed between cells while roots can pass over the boundaries. Then a static mature maize root architecture to different extents invaded in all cells is subjected to the various arrangements of cells' soil water potentials. R-SWMS allows determining possible hydraulic lift in drier areas. With these simulations, the variation of root water and leaf water potential will be determined and the role of root length density in each cell and corresponding average soil-root water potential will be statistically discussed.

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The assessment of vine water uptake conditions by 13c/12c discrimination in grape sugar

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2001.35.4.984 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 195 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jean-Pierre Gaudillère ◽

Cornelis Van Leeuwen ◽

Olivier Trégoat

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽

Low Cost ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Plant Water ◽

Plant Water Uptake ◽

Primary Products ◽

Heavy Equipment

Carbon isotope discrimination in primary products of photosynthesis varies with plant water uptake conditions. This property was used to show that the 13C/12C ratio (called ΔC13) in grape sugars and tartrate measured at ripeness can be a valuable indicator of vine water deficit. Correlation between ΔC13 in grape sugar and minimum pre-dawn leaf water potential is excellent (R2 = 0,81; n = 36). A statistically significant effect of soil and vintage is pointed out. When measured on a great number of plots of an estate, ΔC13 varies with the soil type. This proves ΔC13 can be a valuable tool in « terroir » studies. ΔC13 measured on phenolic compounds in wine is also significantly correlated to minimum pre-dawn leaf water potential as well as to ΔC13 in grape sugar. ΔC13 is actually the only tool capable to assess global vine water uptake conditions between veraison and harvest at a low cost, without the installation of heavy equipment in the vineyard.

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TRANSPLANTING AND ORGANIC MULCH AFFECT GAS EXCHANGE AND GROWTH OF FIELD GROWN RED OAK (QUERCUS SHUMARDII BUCKLI.)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.3.497c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 497C-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amber Bonds ◽

Thayne Montague

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Growing Season ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Red Oak ◽

Predawn Leaf Water Potential ◽

Organic Mulch ◽

Quercus Shumardii

Balled in burlaped is a common method for moving large trees into landscapes and affects of transplanting on tree gas exchange and growth has been documented. Organic mulch provides many benefits and is often recommended for landscapes. Because little research has been conducted on affects organic mulch has on gas exchange and growth of transplanted and non-transplanted trees, this research investigated the effects transplanting and organic mulch have on gas exchange and growth of field grown red oak (Quercus shumardii) trees. In March 2003, 12 multi-trunked trees were selected from a tree farm near Lubbock, Texas, and six trees were dug using a tree spade and placed in their original location. Mulch at a depth of 10 cm was placed around the rootball of 3 transplanted and 3 nontransplanted trees and maintained at this depth the remainder of the experiment. Over the next three growing seasons predawn leaf water potential and midday stomatal conductance were measured on each tree every 1 to 3 weeks. At the end of every growing season shoot elongation, stem caliper and subsample leaf area were recorded. Our data indicates transplanting has a negative affect on gas exchange and growth of red oak. Each growing season gas exchange, shoot growth, and subsample leaf area were less for transplanted trees when compared to nontransplanted trees. Mulch also influenced gas exchange and growth of these trees. For nontransplanted trees with mulch, gas exchange and growth were reduced when compared to nonmulched, nontransplanted trees. For transplanted trees with mulch, predawn leaf water potential was less negative and subsample leaf area was greater when compared to transplanted trees with out mulch.

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EFFECT OF IRRIGATION REGIME ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND LEAF WATER POTENTIAL OF VITIS VINIFERA L. (CV. ALPHONZE LAVALLÉ) IN VENEZUELA

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.1999.493.22 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 219-240

Author(s):

F.J. Araujo ◽

T. Urdaneta ◽

M. Marin ◽

L.E. Williams

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Irrigation Regime

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K.ROOF II - Re-Watering after 5 Years of Repeated Summer Drought in Mature Beech and Spruce: Assessing Water Uptake and Allocation via Deuterium Labeling

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-7477 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin D. Hesse ◽

Timo Gebhardt ◽

Benjamin Hafner ◽

Karl-Heinz Häberle ◽

Thorsten E. E. Grams

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Second Phase ◽

Summer Drought ◽

Drought Period ◽

Mature Forest

Every drought period will eventually end and plants will have access to water again. This phase of &#8220;re-watering&#8221; is a critical point that will either ensure survival or collapse of ecosystems. The drought years 2018 and 2019 have laid bare how vulnerable Central European forest-systems are, even under short-term water scarcity. To understand the effects of repeated summer drought and its release on mature forest stands we investigated the recovery of a mixed forest stand. After 5 years of repeated experimental summer drought on roughly 100 trees (with n = 6 plots) the second phase of the Kranzberg Forest Roof (k.roof) experiment was started, which focuses on the re-watering with Deuterium labeled water (2H2O) of the mature stand composed of European beech (Fagus sylvatica (L.)) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.)H.Karst.). According to our hypotheses the water household of the more anisohydric beech will recover faster and &#8220;stronger&#8221; (higher resilience) than the more isohydric spruce, due to the differences in stomatal control (hypothetical hydraulic regulation in beech vs. hormonal (ABA) control in spruce). We simulated a rainfall event to end our experimental drought and labeled the throughfall-exclusion (TE) and control (CO) plots of the k.roof experiment with roughly 13000 L for TE and 2000 L for CO of 2H2O enriched water, i.e. &#948;2H 1500 and 400 &#8240; respectively. We traced the 2H2O signal along the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) from the soil through the stems and branches up to the leaves with conventional and real-time techniques (xylem sensors connected to CRDS system). Additionally, we measured leaf water potential and pressure-volume (PV) curves to assess the release of the drought stress. The distribution of the &#8220;new&#8221; water within the soil happened within a few days and we could not find any differences between the beech, mix or spruce dominated sites. However, the water uptake of the trees was significantly delayed in spruce compared to beech, evident from both the deuterium tracer signal (in stems and leaves) and leaf water potential. However, release of osmotic adjust was not different in the two species. The data allow for estimating the drought resilience of the water household of a mature forest stand after five-years of repeated summer drought and subsequent re-watering. While both species recovered their water household after several months to the same level as the control trees, we found beech to react faster and stronger than spruce.

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