scholarly journals Post-settlement viability in the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica): an overdominant phenotype

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Zouros ◽  
Shiva M. Singh ◽  
David W. Foltz ◽  
André L. Mallet
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
American Oyster ◽  
Marine Molluscs ◽  
Direct Involvement ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Enzyme Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Interpretation

SUMMARYThe degree of heterozygosity as determined by electrophoretic analysis of three or four polymorphic loci correlates positively with survival in age groups of the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) collected as spat from two different natural populations. The phenomenon is shown to operate in ages from 2 weeks (post-settlement) to 3 years and appears to be general in populations of marine molluscs. The most likely explanation for this result is that heterozygosity improves survival through its effect on growth (heterozygotes grow faster). The effects of individual loci on viability are independent of each other. A direct involvement of the enzyme polymorphisms is the most probable genetic interpretation of the data, but associative overdominance cannot be excluded.

Genetic variability in the natural populations of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae), detected by RAPD markers and by esterase isozymes

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Coelho-Bortolo ◽  
C.A. Mangolin ◽  
A.S. Lapenta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

AbstractLasioderma serricorne (F.) is a small cosmopolitan beetle regarded as a destructive pest of several stored products such as grains, flour, spices, dried fruit and tobacco. Chemical insecticides are one of the measures used against the pest. However, intensive insecticide use has resulted in the appearance of resistant insect populations. Therefore, for the elaboration of more effective control programs, it is necessary to know the biological aspects of L. serricorne. Among these aspects, the genetic variability knowledge is very important and may help in the development of new control methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of 11 natural populations of L. serricorne collected respectively in three and four towns in the states of Paraná and São Paulo, Brazil, using 20 primers random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and polymorphisms of esterases. These primers produced 352 polymorphic bands. Electrophoretic analysis of esterases allowed the identification of four polymorphic loci (Est-2, Est-4, Est-5 and Est-6) and 18 alleles. Results show that populations are genetically differentiated and there is a high level of genetic variability within populations. The high degree of genetic differentiation is not directly correlated to geographical distance. Thus, our data indicate that movement of infested commodities may contribute to the dissemination of L. serricorne, facilitating gene flow.

Regulation of metallothionein genes in the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica): Ontogeny and differential expression in response to different stressors

Gene ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 379 ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Jenny ◽  
Gregory W. Warr ◽  
Amy H. Ringwood ◽  
David A. Baltzegar ◽  
Robert W. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
American Oyster

STUDIES OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF MUS. V. A SURVEY OF NINE LOCI FOR POLYMORPHISMS

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Petras ◽  
J. D. Reimer ◽  
F. G. Biddle ◽  
J. E. Martin ◽  
R. S. Linton
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Polymorphic Loci

An examination of house mice (Mus musculus) from a number of sites in southwestern Ontario revealed six loci (Hbb, Es-2, Es-3, Es-5, Ldr-1 and A) to be polymorphic and three (Es-1, Pro-1 and Trf-1) to be monomorphic. A comparison of the Ontario samples with samples from southeastern Michigan suggests that the polymorphisms detected are common to Mus populations in both regions and are relatively stable. Data reported by other investigators suggest that some of these polymorphisms have a broad geographic distribution. Also discussed are findings of loci described elsewhere. Two of these T and Ea-1, are polymorphic in some of the populations under consideration. General conclusions include: (1) that polymorphic loci are probably as frequent in mouse populations as in Drosophila and man; (2) that the polymorphisms observed are relatively stable and widespread; (3) that some of the alleles responsible for the polymorphisms observed are not neutral; and (4) that additional data are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the polymorphisms observed.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in natural populations of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liene Rocha Picanço Gomes ◽  
Maria Teresa Gomes Lopes ◽  
Jania Lilia da Silva Bentes ◽  
Willian Silva Barros ◽  
Pedro de Queiroz Costa Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Mauritia Flexuosa ◽  
Geographical Distances ◽  
Traditional Communities

This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of buriti populations by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) markers. The analysis was performed in four populations used by traditional communities in the state of Amazonia (Bom Jesus do Anamã, Lauro Sodré, Santa Luzia do Buiçuzinho, and Esperança II). From each population 30 plants were randomly selected. To obtain the markers four primer combinations were used. The percentage of polymorphic loci was estimated, the molecular variance among and within populations analyzed and a dendrogram constructed. The primers detected 339 polymorphic loci ranging from 81.1 % to 91.1 % among populations. Analysis of molecular variance attributed 77.18 % to variation within and 22.8 % to variation between populations. The dendrogram indicated the formation of two groups, showing that the populations of Bom Jesus do Anamã and Lauro Sodré are genetically most similar and thet the genetic and geographical distances are not correlated.

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