Principal component analysis of textural characteristics of fluvio-lacustrine sandstones and controlling factors of sandstone textures

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dong-Yu Zheng ◽  
Si-Xuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Textural Characteristics ◽  
Depositional Settings ◽  
Feldspathic Sandstone

Abstract Textures are important features of sandstones; however, their controlling factors are not fully understood. We present a detailed textural analysis of fluvio-lacustrine sandstones and discuss the influences of provenance and depositional environments on sandstone textures. The upper Permian – lowermost Triassic Wutonggou sandstones in the Bogda Mountains, NW China, are the focus of this study. Sandstone thin-sections were studied by point counting and their textures were analysed using statistical and principal component analysis. Fluvial lithic, fluvial feldspathic, deltaic lithic, deltaic feldspathic, littoral lithic and littoral feldspathic sandstone were classified and compared. These comparisons indicate that lithic and feldspathic sandstones from the same depositional settings have significant differences in graphic mean, graphic standard deviation and roundness; in contrast, sandstones from different depositional settings but with similar compositions have limited differences in textures. Moreover, three principal components (PCs) are recognized to explain 75% of the total variance, of which the first principal component (PC1) can explain 44%. In bivariate plots of the PCs, sandstones can be distinguished by composition where lithic and feldspathic sandstones are placed in different fields of the plots along the axis of PC1. However, sandstones from different depositional settings overlap and show no clear division. These results indicate that provenance, mainly the source lithology, is the most significant controlling factor on sandstone texture, whereas the depositional environment has limited influence. This study improves our understanding of textural characteristics of fluvio-lacustrine sandstones and their controlling factors, and shows the potentiality of principal component analysis in sandstone studies.

scholarly journals Towards reproducibility of traditional fermented sausages: Texture profile analyses and modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Marija Jokanovic ◽  
Bojana Ikonic ◽  
Predrag Ikonic ◽  
Vladimir Tomovic ◽  
Tatjana Peulic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Textural Characteristics ◽  
Fermented Sausages

The aim of this study was to investigate textural characteristics of three traditional dry fermented sausages (Sremski kulen, Lemeski kulen and Petrovsk? klob?sa) manufactured in different small-scale facilities in northern Serbia, and to correlate them with physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The sample sausages were supplied by different local traditional producers. The textural characteristics were correlated with physicochemical and sensory characteristics using multiple linear regression analysis and principal component analysis. Differences in physicochemical characteristics reflected even more notable differences in texture characteristics. Regarding regression equations, obtained results showed that moisture content was significant for hardness, springiness and cohesiveness. Hardness was also influenced by fat content, while chewiness was influenced by protein content. Principal component analysis separated samples of Petrovsk? klob?sa, as the group with the most reproducible analysed characteristics. Obtained results of statistical analyses should provide knowledge for possible improvements of the traditional production, in a way that these sausages could be produced in different facilities with consistent textural characteristics.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 676-681
Author(s):  
V.V. Sapozhnikova ◽  
◽  
A.L. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multifactorial Analysis ◽  
Specific Antibodies

Aim: to determine the association between clinical laboratory parameters, the production of cytokines (IL-17A, -23, -33, -35), and specific IgM and IgG in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Patients and Methods: complete blood count, the concentrations of IL-17A, -23, -33, -35, and the levels of specific IgM and IgG were measured during acute infection and convalescence (n=30). The control group included age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n=30). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatSoft Statistica v 10.0 software (parametric and non-parametric methods and multifactorial analysis, i.e., principal component analysis). Results: most (80%) patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans are the people of working age. In most patients, the combination of the specific antibodies against Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii (76.7%) and severe intoxication and inflammatory process (100%) were detected. Moderate and severe disease associated with meningism was diagnosed in 90% and 10%, respectively. The mean duration of hectic period was 8.3±1.27 days. Abnormal ECG was reported in 40% of patients, i.e., conduction abnormalities in 20%, sinus bradycardia in 16.7%,and sinus tachycardia in 3.3%. The clinical laboratory signs of hepatitis without jaundice were identified in 26.7%. During treatment, the significant reduction in band and segmented neutrophil counts as well as the significant increase in platelet count were revealed compared to these parameters at admission. Abnormal cytokine levels (i.e., the increase in IL-17A, -23, -33 and the deficiency of IL-35) were detected. Conclusions: multifactorial analysis has demonstrated that the severity of immunological abnormalities in patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans is associated with fever, cardiac and liver disorders, the high levels of IL-23 and IL-33, and the lack of IL-35 and specific IgM and IgG. KEYWORDS: tick-borne borreliosis, Lyme disease without erythema migrans, clinical laboratory signs, cytokines, specific antibodies, multifactorial analysis, principal component analysis. FOR CITATION: Sapozhnikova V.V., Bondarenko A.L. Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):676–681. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-676-681.

Oxypropylation of Brazilian Pine-Fruit Shell Evaluated by Principal Component Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephany C. de Rezende ◽  
Jo鉶 A. Pinto ◽  
Isabel P. Fernandes ◽  
Fernanda V. Leimann and Maria-Filomena Barreiro
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis
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