Central Treaty Organization

1964 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-198
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Ministerial Council ◽  
Foreign Ministers

The Ministerial Council of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) met in Karachi, Pakistan, on April 30 and May 1, 1963, for its eleventh session, under the chairmanship of Mr. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Foreign Minister of Pakistan. The session was attended by the foreign ministers of the other three CENTO countries—Mr. Abbas Aram (Iran), Mr. Feridun Cemal Erkin (Turkey), and Lord Home (United Kingdom)—and by Mr. Dean Rusk, United States Secretary of State, who took part as an observer in accordance with normal practice, since the United States was not a full member of the Organization. The Council session had been preceded by the thirteenth meeting of the CENTO military committee held in Ankara on April 27–28, 1963.

Central Treaty Organization

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-847
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Council Of Ministers

The fourteenth session of the Council of Ministers of die Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) was held in Ankara, Turkey, on April 20–21, 1966, under the chairmanship of Ihsan Sabri Caglayangil, the Foreign Minister of Turkey. Others attending the session were Abbas Aram, Foreign Minister of Iran; Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Foreign Minister of Pakistan; Michael Stewart, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of the United Kingdom; and Dean Rusk, Secretary of State of the United States. The session had been preceded by a meeting of the CENTO Military Committee held in Tehran, Iran, on April 5–6.

Central Treaty Organization

1961 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-524 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Press ◽  
Ministerial Council ◽  
The Military

The ninth session of the Ministerial Council of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) was held in Ankara, Turkey, April 27–28, 1961, under the chairmanship of Mr. Selim Sarper, Foreign Minister of Turkey. The session opened with a speech by General Gursel, the Turkish head of state, in which he said that the alliance had achieved successful results in the fields of security, economic development, and cultural activities. According to the press, there was a controversy as to the primary role of the alliance, with Mr. Hussein Ghods Nakhai, the Iranian Foreign Minister, referring to CENTO as an economic and defensive organization, in that order, while Mr. Manzoor Quadir, the Foreign Minister of Pakistan, emphasized the defense aspect of the organization by stating that CENTO had to concern itself with developing the military as well as the economic strength of the area. Mr. M. O. A. Baig, retiring Secretary-General of the organization, was said to have asserted in his report to the session that only the presence of the United States gave meaning and validity to any “free world” defense alliance, CENTO included, even though the United States was not a full member of the organization. United States Secretary of State Dean Rusk, in addressing the session, pledged the continued cooperation of his country for the mutual security of the area.

Baghdad Pact

1958 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-549 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Assistance ◽  
Full Member ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Press ◽  
Joint Resolution

The Council of the Baghdad Pact, meeting on the ministerial level, convened in London on July 28, 1958. It was reported that during its two-day meeting, Secretary of State Dulles committed the United States to partnership in the pact with the United Kingdom, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan. The United States' acceptance of obligations expressed in Article 1 of the pact was accompanied by an oral promise to increase military assistance to the three Asian members. According to the press, these two steps were considered “just as good” as signing a treaty. There were two considerations, according to one source, in the procedure adopted by the United States of agreeing to obligations to members of the pact instead of becoming a full member: 1) special military and economic agreements to be made could be made immediately under the joint resolution on the Middle East passed by both Houses of Congress in March 1957; if the United States had joined the pact as a full member, a new treaty would have been involved requiring the Senate's ratification; 2) the United States was not committed to make such special agreements with Iraq, since the latter did not sign the declaration issued by the Council following its meetings on July 28.

Central Treaty Organization

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1075 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Ministerial Council

The thirteenth session of the Ministerial Council of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) was held in Teheran on April 7–8, 1965, under the chairmanship of Abbas Aram, Foreign Minister of Iran. Others attending the session were Muhammad Shoaib, Pakistan's Minister of Finance; Hasan Esat Isik, Foreign Minister of Turkey; Michael Stewart, the United Kingdom's Foreign Secretary; and Dean Rusk, Secretary of State of the United States. The Council's session had been preceded by a meeting of the CENTO Military Committee, held in London on March 30–31, 1965.

Council of Foreign Ministers

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-342
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treaty Negotiations ◽  
Post War ◽  
Foreign Ministers

The Council of Foreign Ministers Deputies on the Austrian Treaty reopened their sessions in London on January 9, 1950. At the first meeting the Soviet deputy (Zarubin) reported that he was without instructions and was still awaiting conclusion of Soviet-Austrian negotiations on Austria's payments for post-war supplies and services by the USSR. After several subsequent meetings at which Mr. Zarubin was still without instructions, the United States, United Kingdom, and French ambassadors in Moscow protested to Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko against the delays encountered in the treaty negotiations. The three ambassadors requested “assurances” that the treaty negotiations would not be further delayed but did not receive them.

Arab League

1953 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-429
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Survey ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Arab League ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
Foreign Ministers

The eighteenth ordinary session of the Council of the Arab League was held in Cairo, March 28 to April 9, 1953. The League members were, in general, represented by the heads of their diplomatic missions in Cairo although the Egyptian government was understood to have requested that each state send its foreign minister. Although the recommendations of the Council were not made public, they were understood to have covered such questions as west Germany's ratification of the reparations agreement with Israel, the economic boycott of Israel and the forthcoming visit of the Secretary of State of the United States (Dulles). At the close of the meeting, the assistant Secretary-General (Ahmed Shukairy) said that the question of the dispute between the United Kingdom and Egypt over the Suez canal zone had been discussed in the course of a general survey of political problems but that it had not been raised specifically. During the Council session a meeting of the foreign ministers of the Arab League states was called for April 3; however, the governments of Iraq, Syria and Lebanon declined to attend. There were some reports that their refusal stemmed from a disinclination to become involved in any disagreement between Egypt and the United Kingdom; however, officials in Lebanon denied the accuracy of the reports, saying that the meeting had been postponed because its principal purpose had been to consider political problems of the Arab world in the light of a report which the Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia (Prince Faisal) was to make upon his return from the United States and Prince Faisal had not returned in time to hold the meeting as scheduled.

Council of Foreign Ministers

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Foreign Ministers

Austrian State Treaty: On October 31, 1951, the Foreign Minister of Austria, Karl Gruber, transmitted to the representatives of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union in Vienna a note requesting these countries to reopen negotiations on the Austrian state treaty at the earliest possible moment. Subsequently, the United States High Commissioner for Austria, Walter Donnelly, stated that it was “consistent with the unswerving policy of the United States Government to terminate the occupation of Austria by means of a state treaty” and was “also in keeping with the statement of the Foreign Ministers of the United Kingdom, France, and the United States in Washington on September 14.” He added that the United States would continue to press for the conclusion of the treaty and withdrawal of troops from Austria, but would not withdraw until all the occupying powers were prepared to do likewise.

Baghdad Pact

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-547 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Military ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Military ◽  
Opening Session

The Council of the Baghdad Pact held its annual meeting in Karachi from June 3 through 6, 1957. Representatives were present from the five member countries—Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan and the United Kingdom—and the United States was represented by an observer delegation. The Council had been scheduled to meet months earlier, but Iraq originally refused to meet with the United Kingdom. At the opening session, presided over by Mr. Suhrawardy, Prime Minister of Pakistan, the Prime Minister of Iraq, Nuri es Said, was reported to have spoken forcefully about the dangers implicit in the problems of Israel, Algeria, Kashmir and Cyprus. Mr. Lloyd, Foreign Minister of the United Kingdom, was reported to have followed Mr. Nuri es Said's remarks with a speech in which he announced his government's offer of a contribution of £500,000 a year in cash and in kind for building up the minimum military infra-structure in member countries. The speeches of other delegates were reported to be noteworthy for their frank recognition of past weaknesses in the Baghdad Pact organization and the need to give it new effectiveness. In the course of the first session the United States formally accepted an invitation to join the Pact's Military Committee; and a United States military delegation headed by General Nathan F. Twining started participating in a separate concurrent meeting of the Military Committee. The United States thus became a member of the Pact's three main committees, but had still not become a formal member of the Pact.

Security Council

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-517
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Security Council ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Peace ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Foreign Ministers

The question of the threat to Thailand was discussed by the Security Council at its 673d and 674th meetings. After again explaining the reasons for his government's belief that the condition of tension in the general region in which Thailand was located would, if continued, endanger the maintenance of international peace and security, the Thai representative, Pote Sarasin, again requested that the Peace Observation Commission establish a sub-commission of from three to five members to dispatch observers to Thailand and to visit Thailand itself if it were deemed necessary. The Thai draft differed from earlier Thai proposals, however, in that the original mandate of the sub-commission applie only to the territory of Thailand; if the sub-commission felt that it could not adequately accomplish its mission without observation or visit in states contiguous to Thailand, the Peace Observation Commission or the Security Council could issue the necessary instructions. Representatives of New Zealand, Turkey, Brazil, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, Denmark, Colombia and France spoke in support of the Thai draft. They denied, as had been alleged by the Soviet representative (Tsarapkin) at an earlier meeting, that Council consideration or action on this question would be detrimental to the success of the negotiations between the Foreign Ministers of the United States, United Kingdom, France, Chinese People's Republic, Soviet Union and other states in Geneva. While agreeing that it would be impropitious for the Council to consider directly the situation in Indochina as long as it was being discussed in Geneva, they argued that the question raised by Thailand was quite separate and that the Council had a duty to comply with the Thai request.

scholarly journals Correlation of stock market returns in the West African region from 2008 to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eseosa Obadiaru ◽  
Alex Omankhanlen ◽  
Barnabas Obasaju ◽  
Henry Inegbedion
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Stock Market Returns

Stock markets over the world have become more interconnected due to activities of foreign investors in search for alternative financial assets and markets to invest in order to diversify their portfolio. Stock market indices and index returns have been known to reflect linkages between different markets. This study assesses the extent of correlation of stock market index returns in West Africa and those of the United States of America (US) and United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2016. The correlation between the index returns for the entire sample period and yearly samples were considered for Nigeria, Ghana, the BRVM, the USA and the UK. The indices selected for the five countries considered are the Nigerian All-Share Index, Ghanaian Composite Index, the BRVM Composite Index, the Financial Times 100 Index and the Standards and Poor’s 500 Index. Daily index returns data were used for the study and analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that the returns of the pairs of the United States of America (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) exhibited stronger positive correlation with each other than the other market pairs in the study both in the entire sample period and the yearly sub-period analysis. The correlations between the other market pairs were either positively or negatively weak or very weak indicating more diversification opportunities.

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