Influence of seeding time on the yield of white clover/orchardgrass mixtures in Atlantic Canada

1993 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fraser ◽  
H. T. Kunelius
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Seeding Time ◽  
Simulated Grazing ◽  
Clover Content

SUMMARYThe influence of four seeding times on herbage dry matter (DM) yields and clover content of white clover (Trifolium repens L.)/orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) mixtures was evaluated at Truro, Nova Scotia and Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island from 1985 to 1988. Sacramento, Sonja and Milkanova white clover/orchardgrass mixtures were assessed under simulated grazing (four or five harvests per year) over two production years at each location.Delaying seeding from May to August reduced total herbage DM yields significantly in the first production year, from 8·1 to 3·3 t/ha in Truro and from 11·0 to 7·2 t/ha in Charlottetown. Late seeding significantly reduced clover content in the herbage of the first two harvests in the first production year but, by the mid to late-season harvests, white clover content had increased to levels similar to those of the May seeding. Estimated white clover DM yields were highest in June, and dropped in the second production year at both locations. Sonja and Milkanova white clovers consistently outyielded Sacramento in herbage DM yields and clover content in both locations irrespective of seeding dates.

Effects of autumn harvest date on the performance of white clover/grass mixtures in Nova Scotia

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fraser ◽  
K. Sutherland ◽  
R. C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Clover Content

SUMMARYWhite clover (Trifolium repens L.) is well adapted to the cool moist climate of Atlantic Canada, where it improves digestibility and protein content in pastures, but little is known about its role in pasture stockpiled for autumn grazing in this region. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of autumn harvest dates on dry matter yield and clover content in herbage mixtures. Two experiments conducted in Nova Scotia between 1985 and 1991 on two different soil types showed that the effects of autumn harvest dates were inconsistent from year to year. Herbage growth rates ranged from 11 to 41 kg/ha per day between early September and mid-October. Clover content was generally lower in August–early September than in November harvests and declined in subsequent years irrespective of harvest date or forage species. Kersey White and Sonja white clovers were the highest yielding cultivars. Crude protein declined in late autumn harvests whereas acid detergent fibre tended to increase, and there were differences between years. Forage quality was significantly better in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) than orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)/white clover mixtures.

Effect of extracts of Dactylis glomerata on the in vitro digestion of Trifolium repens

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (57) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Clark ◽  
K Santhirasegaram
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitor ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Technique

White clover (Trifolium repens) was fermented in the presence of detergent extracts of thirty-two cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) cultivars and eight other pasture species, using a two stage in vitro technique. The in vitro dry matter digestibility of white clover was not depressed by the presence of the detergent extracts to any practical extent. The small depression observed was probably due to the presence of water soluble components of the pasture species. The presence of a detergent-soluble, metabolic inhibitor in cocksfoot cultivars, or the eight other pasture species, was not exhibited using the method described. The in vitro dry matter digestibility of white clover in the presence of detergent extracts of cocksfoot was not correlated with the digestibility values of the cocksfoot samples from which the extracts were made. This suggests that the wide variation observed in the digestibility of the cocksfoot cultivars (54 to 80 per cent) was not due to the presence of any detergent-soluble, inhibiting substances.

Herbage yield and composition of white clover/grass associations in Atlantic Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fraser ◽  
H. T. Kunelius
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Clover Content

SUMMARYWhite clover cultivars Sacramento ladino, Sonja and Aberystwyth S.184 were assessed for dry matter (DM) yields, clover content and herbage quality in monostand and in 50:50 mixtures with grasses under cutting at Truro, Nova Scotia and Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island between 1986 and 1989. Grasses were: orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.). Dry matter yields ranged from 6158 to 11645 kg/ha and were highest in white clover/orchardgrass and white clover/timothy at Truro, and in white clover/timothy at Charlottetown. Sonja and Aberystwyth S.I84 outperformed Sacramento white clover in herbage DM and clover yield in all years at both locations. First-cut herbage contributed 39 and 29% of total yields at Truro and Charlottetown, respectively. Clover yield was highest in first-cut Sacramento/orchardgrass, but dropped by up to 73% in white clover/timothy associations over a 2-year period. Crude protein ranged from 14·4% in clover/timothy to 23·4% in clover/reed canarygrass and was positively correlated with clover content. It was concluded that choice of clover cultivar as well as grass is an important consideration in maximizing herbage yields and quality in the Atlantic region.

Clover phyllody phytoplasma. [Distribution map].

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Clover Phyllody ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Clover phyllody phytoplasma. Phytoplasma. Hosts: Polyphagous including poppy anemone (Anemone coronaria), strawberry (Fragaria spp.), buttercup (Ranunculus spp.), white clover (Trifolium repens) and zinnia (Zinnia elegans). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (Mainland Italy), Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Switzerland, UK), Asia (India (Himachal Pradesh), Japan), North America (Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), USA (Florida)), Oceania (Australia (Victoria)).

Plasticity in growth and patterns of dry matter distribution of two genotypes of Trifolium repens grown in different environments of neighbours

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 2186-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Turkington
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Matter Distribution ◽  
Dry Matter Distribution ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Mobile Plant ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Replicates of two genotypes of Trifolium repens L., collected from a Poa pratensis dominated sward and a Dactylis glomerata dominated sward, respectively, were grown in swards composed of various proportions of P. pratensis and D. glomerata. These swards represented a range of environments of neighbours; an increasing proportion of P. pratensis was considered as an increasingly alien environment for individuals of T. repens collected from the D. glomerata dominated site, and vice-versa for the individuals from the P. pratensis dominated site. The individuals of T. repens were harvested on five occasions over a period of 27 months. Both genotypes responded to increasingly alien environments by producing more inflorescences and by distributing proportionately more dry matter to inflorescence production. Some evidence is also presented which suggests that allocation to stolons and inflorescences are alternatives and the balance of the trade off is dependent on the advantages of possibly producing new, better adapted offspring from seed, against the chances of a wandering stolon encountering a less hostile environment. Results are discussed in the context of environmental alienness, a major source of which is the different relative proportions of neighbours. The various genotypes of organisms which a relatively mobile plant species encounters are a major source of this environmental, or biotic, alienness.

scholarly journals Motility of the reticulum and rumen of sheep given juice-extracted pasture

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. McLeay ◽  
D. C. Kokich ◽  
H-U. Hockey ◽  
T. E. Trigg
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Medicago Saliva ◽  
Conventional Foods

1. Sheep were fed on different diets of juice-extracted herbage to determine what effect juice-extraction had on reticulo-rumen motility.2. The frequency of A and B sequences of contraction of the reticulo-rumen were recorded during eating, rumination and inactivity for continuous periods of 24–72 h by using integrated electromyograms obtained from electrodes implanted in the musculature of the reticulum and cranial dorsal rumen.3. Animals were fed on herbage in which approximately 200 g/kg dry matter had been removed in juice extracted from ryegrass (Lolium perenne), white clover (Trifolium repens), mixed ryegrass–white clover and lucerne (Medicago saliva).4. Over all the frequency of A sequences of contraction did not differ in animals fed on pressed herbage or the unpressed material from which it was derived, although it was slower during rumination on some of the pressed material. In contrast, the frequency of B sequences was higher on the pressed material. The frequencies of contraction of A and B sequences in animals fed on pressed herbage was related to the activity of the animals in the order eating > rumination > inactivity.5. Changes in reticulo-rumen motility due to juice extraction were small and the frequencies of A and B sequences of contraction in sheep fed on pressed herbage were in the range encountered in ruminants consuming more conventional foods.

scholarly journals Optimum white clover content for dairy pastures

1997 ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Harris ◽  
D.A. Clark ◽  
M.J. Auldist ◽  
C.D. Waugh ◽  
P.G. Laboyrie
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
Grazed Pastures ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Clover Content

In February 1996, 48 Friesian and Jersey cows grazed pastures containing nominally 0, 25, 50 or 75% of dry matter (DM) as white clover with the balance mainly C4 grasses at either ad lib. (50 kg DM/cow/day) or restricted (25 kg DM/cow/day) allowances. The aim of the trial was to measure the effect of clover content on milk yield and composition, and to determine the optimum clover content for milk production. Milk yields of cows on the ad lib. allowance grazing 25% clover were 22% higher (P

scholarly journals Efficacy of several organic herbicides and glyphosate formulations under simulated rainfall

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

Glasshouse studies were conducted to determine the efficacy and rainfast interval of several organic and glyphosatebased herbicides marketed for use in home gardens The test species used were white clover (Trifolium repens) annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and couch (Elytrigia repens) After spraying the 6weekold plants some pots were set aside and received no simulated rainfall while others were placed under the rainfall simulator (11 mm rain over 30 minutes) at 2 3 or 6 h after application Plants were visually assessed for herbicide efficacy and after 4 weeks all the new growth was harvested and dry matter measured Rainfall applied 2 or 3 h after application did not reduce the efficacy of organic herbicides In the case of glyphosate rain applied at 2 h after spraying reduced efficacy by 440 while rain 6 h after application reduced it by 020 depending on formulation and plant type

scholarly journals Liveweight changes in lambs grazing six perennial ryegrass cultivars

1999 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
C.T. Westwood ◽  
M.G. Norriss
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Clover Content

Liveweight changes were measured for lambs grazing six high endophyte perennial ryegrasses, in a grazing experiment run by an independent research organisation in Canterbury, New Zealand. Ryegrass cultivars were sown under code in a binary mix with white clover in February 1997. Plots were strategically irrigated to avoid moisture stress, and stocked at approximately 27 Coopworth ewe lambs per ha in May 1997. Common pasture residual mass was maintained across cultivars by strategic addition of extra lambs, with extra grazing days recorded for each replicate. Lamb liveweight gains and botanical composition of replicates were assessed quarterly. Lamb liveweight gains differed significantly between treatments in Years 1 and 2 of this ongoing 3 year study. Lambs grazing 'Quartet' tetraploid perennial ryegrass gained, on average, 37.4 kg and 36.1 kg liveweight during Years 1 and 2 respectively, and together with 'Aries HD' (35.0 and 35.9 kg) produced significantly greater liveweight gain compared with 'Grasslands Nui' (22.0 and 23.7 kg) and 'Bronsyn' (22.5 and 24.1 kg), LSD0.05 = 6.0 and 7.4. Lambs grazing 'Embassy' gained 31.6 kg and 28.7 kg, and 'Vedette' 29.8 kg and 28.0 kg. Extra grazing days expressed as a percentage of base grazing days were between 3.8 and 6.7% across cultivars for Year 1 and between 2.0 and 6.5% across cultivars for Year 2. This study demonstrated significant differences in animal productivity between perennial ryegrass cultivars that produce comparable yields of dry matter. Differences may reflect variation in forage quality, endophyte toxins, clover content in the sward or other unidentified cultivar characteristics. Keywords: digestibility, endophyte, lamb, liveweight, perennial ryegrass, tetraploid

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