Characteristics of the acidity and sulphate fractions in acid sulphate soils and their relationship with rice yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1463-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. HUANG ◽  
S. TANG ◽  
X. HUANG ◽  
S. YANG ◽  
Q. YI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils ◽  
Plough Layer ◽  
Soluble Sulphate

SUMMARYMost acid sulphate soils (ASSs) in the Pearl River Delta of South China have been traditionally reclaimed for rice cultivation, but the rice yield in most of these paddy fields is lower than the average rice yield in China due to extremely high soil acidity. In the present study, a range of sulphate and acidity parameters were investigated in ASS profiles in three types of paddy fields in Taishan City (Guangdong Province, China) divided based on the local rice productivity (4500, 3000 and 1500 kg/ha) using an abandoned ASS (uncultivated) as the control treatment to ascertain key yield constraining parameters. Soluble acidity (SA), exchangeable acidity (ExA), soluble sulphate (SS) and net acid-soluble sulphate (NAS) increased with increasing soil depths from 0 to 100 cm and then decreased abruptly with further increases in the depth. However, the depth distribution of exchangeable sulphate (ES) was uniform. The soil acidity and sulphate contents differed significantly in three sampled paddy fields. The values of SA and SS in the soils at depths of 0–100 cm in the studied ASS were lower compared with those in the uncultivated ASS and the ExA in soils at depths of 0–40 cm in ASS were lower compared with those observed in the uncultivated ASS. A correlation analysis revealed that SA was strongly correlated with SS and ExA with NAS. Soluble acidity, ExA, SS and NAS in the ASS were significantly associated with rice yield. Exchangeable acidity in the plough layer (0–20 cm) of soils was the most sensitive indicator of soil quality affecting rice yield among those in soils from 0 to 140 cm depth. It is interesting to note that SA, SS and NAS were more sensitive indicators of soil quality affecting rice yield at 60–100 cm than at 0–40 cm depth. Principal component analysis showed that pH value, ExA and ES in soils at depths of 0–40 cm and SA, SS and NAS in soils at depths of 60–100 cm constituted the critical soil acidity and sulphate characteristics that were strongly correlated with rice yields. This finding implies that controlling the ExA in the plough layer and the SA and NAS in the Jarosite layer should be the major focus of studies aimed at the amelioration of ASSs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biochar, Lime, and Compost on The Properties of Acid Sulphate Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Juhrian Juhrian ◽  
Fadly H. Yusran ◽  
Raihani Wahdah ◽  
Bambang J. Priatmadi
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soil ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils ◽  
Terra Preta

<p><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Making acid sulphate soils as paddy fields is a wise choice because it can prevent the soil from oxidizing which occurs in acidification of the soil. The use of biochar as an amendment to the land has long been known since the discovery of terra preta since 1870 in the Amazon Basin as the Amazon dark earth. Because biochar soil amendments are rich in C-organics, have a buffering capacity and can increase soil acidity, are able to absorb heavy metals, and are able to retain water and nutrients for soil organisms. Meanwhile, lime has also been known as an acid sulphate soil amendment in Rome 2000 years ago to balance the acidity in agricultural land. This has been practiced for centuries until now. Though compost or organic soil can be traced more than 2000 years ago. Soil organic matter (SOM) is formed from the remains of animals and plants. It contains C and many nutrients such as N, P, and K. Based on the description above, the author wants to combine the three ingredients in the review, especially in relation to acid sulphate soils.</span></span></p>

The Use of Drilling Solid Waste as Amendment of Acid-Sulphate Soils of the Orinoco Delta

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vasquez ◽  
J. Urich ◽  
V. Gonzalez ◽  
P. Silva ◽  
A. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils ◽  
Orinoco Delta

Export of Acidity in Drainage Water from Acid Sulphate Soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7-12) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J Cook ◽  
W Hicks ◽  
E.A Gardner ◽  
G.D Carlin ◽  
D.W Froggatt
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Water ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar Amendment on CO2 Emissions from Paddy Fields under Water-Saving Irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihong Yang ◽  
Zewei Jiang ◽  
Xiao Sun ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Junzeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficient ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Controlled Irrigation ◽  
Biochar Amendment

The role of carbon pool of biochar as a method of long-term C sequestration in global warming mitigation is unclear. A two-year field study was conducted to investigate the seasonal variations of CO2 emissions from water-saving irrigation paddy fields in response to biochar amendment and irrigation patterns. Three biochar treatments under water-saving irrigation and one biochar treatment under flooding irrigation were studied, and the application rates were 0, 20, 40, and 40 t ha−1 and labeled as CI + NB (controlled irrigation and none biochar added), CI + MB (controlled irrigation and medium biochar added), CI + HB (controlled irrigation and high biochar added), and FI + HB (flood irrigation and high biochar added), respectively. Results showed that biochar application at medium rates (20 t ha−1) decreased CO2 emissions by 1.64–8.83% in rice paddy fields under water-saving irrigation, compared with the non-amendment treatment. However, the CO2 emissions from paddy fields increased by 4.39–5.43% in the CI + HB treatment, compared with CI + NB. Furthermore, the mean CO2 emissions from paddy fields under water-saving irrigation decreased by 2.22% compared with flood irrigation under the same amount of biochar application (40 t ha−1). Biochar amendment increased rice yield and water use efficiency by 9.35–36.30% and 15.1–42.5%, respectively, when combined with water-saving irrigation. The CO2 emissions were reduced in the CI + MB treatment, which then increased rice yield. The CO2 emissions from paddy fields were positively correlated with temperature. The highest value of the temperature sensitivity coefficient (Q10) was derived for the CI + MB treatment. The Q10 was higher under water-saving irrigation compared with flooding irrigation.

Prevention, Reclamation and Management of Acid and Acid Sulphate Soils

2017 ◽  
pp. 337-363
Author(s):  
A. Krishna Chaitanya ◽  
Shrikant Badole ◽  
Arbind Kumar Gupta ◽  
Biplab Pal
Keyword(s):  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils

scholarly journals Ameliorasi Berbasis Unsur Hara Silika di Lahan Rawa

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Adha Siregar ◽  
Wahida Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Fe Uptake ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Toxicity Level ◽  
Fe Toxicity

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. Unsur hara Silika (Si) memiliki peranan penting pada pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman padi. Tanaman padi menyerap Si dalam jumlah yang besar yaitu sekitar 10 kali N, 20 kali P, 6 kali K dan 30 kali Ca. Budidaya padi di lahan rawa memiliki beberapa faktor pembatas yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi diantaranya keracunan unsur toksik seperti Fe dan Al. Kadar unsur toksik terutama Fe di lahan rawa menyebabkan tanah menjadi masam, sehingga banyak tanaman yang tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan kondisi tersebut. Kondisi ini dapat diatasi diantaranya dengan aplikasi Si, yang berperan menurunkan serapan Fe dan Al yang berada dalam kondisi toksik. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Si berpengaruh dalam menurunkan tingkat toksisitas Al dan Fe di tanah. Aplikasi Si sebagai amelioran mengurangi kandungan Fe pada permukaan akar padi serta menurunkan serapan Fe pada tanaman padi sawah melalui peningkatan kekuatan oksidasi akar. Lebih lanjut, aplikasi Si pada budidaya tanaman padi dapat meningkatkan hasil gabah sebesar 50,8%.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abtract.</strong> Silicon (Si) has an important role on rice crops growth and productivity. Rice crops absorbs enormous amount of Si as much as ten times of N, twenty times of P, six times of K and thirty times of Ca. Rice cultivation in swampland has several limiting factors such as Fe and Al toxicity. Fe toxicity could increase soil acidity in swampland. However, most plants could not adapt to this condition. Si application as soil ameliorant could be an option to overcome this problem. Si could reduce the toxicity level of Fe and Mn in soil. Previous research proved that Si could decrease Fe and Al toxicity. Si application as ameliorant could reduce Fe concentration in root zone which lead to decreasing Fe uptake through increasing oxidation capability of the root. Moreover, Si application could increase rice yield up to 50.8%.<em></em><sup>.</sup></p>

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