Bifurcation phenomena in Taylor–Couette flow with buoyancy effects

1988 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 479-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Ball ◽  
B. Farouk
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Buoyant Flows ◽  
Annular Gap ◽  
Bifurcation Phenomena ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

A numerical study has been conducted to determine the various modes of Taylor–Couette flow that exist between concentric vertical cylinders, as the aspect ratio Γ (height to gap width, H/d) and the Reynolds number Re (based on the inner cylinder speed) are varied. Furthermore, the effects of the introduction of buoyancy on the development of the flow are examined. This is accomplished by considering both cylinders to be isothermal, with the rotating inner cylinder at a higher temperature than the stationary outer cylinder. Results are presented for a wide range of the Grashof number Gr (based on the temperature difference ΔT across the annular gap). The structure of the Taylor vortices is observed to be distorted considerably with the buoyant flows, and the nature of the onset and subsequent development of the vortices is altered. The hysteresis between the different modes of cellular flow, characteristic of the bifurcation phenomena, is also substantially modified.

scholarly journals Multiplicity of states in Taylor-Couette flow of a dense granular gas

2021 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Nandu Gopan ◽  
Meheboob Alam
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Taylor Vortex ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Granular Gas ◽  
Taylor Vortex Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

Molecular dynamics simulations with a purely repulsive Lennard-Jones potential and a normal damping force is used to simulate the granular flow in the annular region between two differentially-rotating cylinders, called the Taylor-Couette flow. The flow transition from the azimuthally-invariant Circular Couette flow (CCF) to the Taylor-vortex flow (TVF) is studied by increasing the rotation rate (ωi) of the inner cylinder, with the outer cylinder being kept stationary. Multiplicity of states, highlighting the hysteretic nature of the “CCF ↔ TVF” transition, is observed over a wide range of rotation rates. The onset of Taylor vortices is quantified in terms of the maximum radial velocity and the net circulation per vortex.

scholarly journals Azimuthal velocity profiles in Rayleigh-stable Taylor–Couette flow and implied axial angular momentum transport

2015 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
pp. 342-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freja Nordsiek ◽  
Sander G. Huisman ◽  
Roeland C. A. van der Veen ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Detlef Lohse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Couette Flow ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Azimuthal Velocity ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Solid Body Rotation ◽  
Angular Momentum Transport ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

We present azimuthal velocity profiles measured in a Taylor–Couette apparatus, which has been used as a model of stellar and planetary accretion disks. The apparatus has a cylinder radius ratio of ${\it\eta}=0.716$, an aspect ratio of ${\it\Gamma}=11.74$, and the plates closing the cylinders in the axial direction are attached to the outer cylinder. We investigate angular momentum transport and Ekman pumping in the Rayleigh-stable regime. This regime is linearly stable and is characterized by radially increasing specific angular momentum. We present several Rayleigh-stable profiles for shear Reynolds numbers $\mathit{Re}_{S}\sim O(10^{5})$, for both ${\it\Omega}_{i}>{\it\Omega}_{o}>0$ (quasi-Keplerian regime) and ${\it\Omega}_{o}>{\it\Omega}_{i}>0$ (sub-rotating regime), where ${\it\Omega}_{i,o}$ is the inner/outer cylinder rotation rate. None of the velocity profiles match the non-vortical laminar Taylor–Couette profile. The deviation from that profile increases as solid-body rotation is approached at fixed $\mathit{Re}_{S}$. Flow super-rotation, an angular velocity greater than those of both cylinders, is observed in the sub-rotating regime. The velocity profiles give lower bounds for the torques required to rotate the inner cylinder that are larger than the torques for the case of laminar Taylor–Couette flow. The quasi-Keplerian profiles are composed of a well-mixed inner region, having approximately constant angular momentum, connected to an outer region in solid-body rotation with the outer cylinder and attached axial boundaries. These regions suggest that the angular momentum is transported axially to the axial boundaries. Therefore, Taylor–Couette flow with closing plates attached to the outer cylinder is an imperfect model for accretion disk flows, especially with regard to their stability.

Bifurcation phenomena in Taylor-Couette flow in a very short annulus

1988 ◽  
Vol 191 (-1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pfister ◽  
H. Schmidt ◽  
K. A. Cliffe ◽  
T. Mullin
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Bifurcation Phenomena ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

Velocity profiles, flow structures and scalings in a wide-gap turbulent Taylor–Couette flow

2017 ◽  
Vol 831 ◽  
pp. 330-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Froitzheim ◽  
S. Merbold ◽  
C. Egbers
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Couette Flow ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Azimuthal Velocity ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Taylor Vortices ◽  
Wide Gap ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

Fully turbulent Taylor–Couette flow between independently rotating cylinders is investigated experimentally in a wide-gap configuration ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}=0.5$) around the maximum transport of angular momentum. In that regime turbulent Taylor vortices are present inside the gap, leading to a pronounced axial dependence of the flow. To account for this dependence, we measure the radial and azimuthal velocity components in horizontal planes at different cylinder heights using particle image velocimetry. The ratio of angular velocities of the cylinder walls $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$, where the torque maximum appears, is located in the low counter-rotating regime ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{max}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}=0.5)=-0.2$). This point coincides with the smallest radial gradient of angular velocity in the bulk and the detachment of the neutral surface from the outer cylinder wall, where the azimuthal velocity component vanishes. The structure of the flow is further revealed by decomposing the flow field into its large-scale and turbulent contributions. Applying this decomposition to the kinetic energy, we can analyse the formation process of the turbulent Taylor vortices in more detail. Starting at pure inner cylinder rotation, the vortices are formed and strengthened until $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}=-0.2$ quite continuously, while they break down rapidly for higher counter-rotation. The same picture is shown by the decomposed Nusselt number, and the range of rotation ratios, where turbulent Taylor vortices can exist, shrinks strongly in comparison to investigations at much lower shear Reynolds numbers. Moreover, we analyse the scaling of the Nusselt number and the wind Reynolds number with the shear Reynolds number, finding a communal transition at approximately $Re_{S}\approx 10^{5}$ from classical to ultimate turbulence with a transitional regime lasting at least up to $Re_{S}\geqslant 2\times 10^{5}$. Including the axial dispersion of the flow into the calculation of the wind amplitude, we can also investigate the wind Reynolds number as a function of the rotation ratio $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$, finding a maximum in the low counter-rotating regime slightly larger than $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{max}$. Based on our study it becomes clear that the investigation of counter-rotating Taylor–Couette flows strongly requires an axial exploration of the flow.

scholarly journals Optimal Taylor–Couette flow: direct numerical simulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 719 ◽  
pp. 14-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Ostilla ◽  
Richard J. A. M. Stevens ◽  
Siegfried Grossmann ◽  
Roberto Verzicco ◽  
Detlef Lohse
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Couette Flow ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Counter Rotation ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

AbstractWe numerically simulate turbulent Taylor–Couette flow for independently rotating inner and outer cylinders, focusing on the analogy with turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard flow. Reynolds numbers of $R{e}_{i} = 8\times 1{0}^{3} $ and $R{e}_{o} = \pm 4\times 1{0}^{3} $ of the inner and outer cylinders, respectively, are reached, corresponding to Taylor numbers $Ta$ up to $1{0}^{8} $. Effective scaling laws for the torque and other system responses are found. Recent experiments with the Twente Turbulent Taylor–Couette (${T}^{3} C$) setup and with a similar facility in Maryland at very high Reynolds numbers have revealed an optimum transport at a certain non-zero rotation rate ratio $a= - {\omega }_{o} / {\omega }_{i} $ of about ${a}_{\mathit{opt}} = 0. 33$. For large enough $Ta$ in the numerically accessible range we also find such an optimum transport at non-zero counter-rotation. The position of this maximum is found to shift with the driving, reaching a maximum of ${a}_{\mathit{opt}} = 0. 15$ for $Ta= 2. 5\times 1{0}^{7} $. An explanation for this shift is elucidated, consistent with the experimental result that ${a}_{\mathit{opt}} $ becomes approximately independent of the driving strength for large enough Reynolds numbers. We furthermore numerically calculate the angular velocity profiles and visualize the different flow structures for the various regimes. By writing the equations in a frame co-rotating with the outer cylinder a link is found between the local angular velocity profiles and the global transport quantities.

Juice Irradiation with Taylor-Couette Flow: UV Inactivation of Escherichia coli

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FORNEY ◽  
J. A. PIERSON ◽  
Z. YE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Couette Flow ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

A novel reactor is described with flow characteristics that approach that of ideal plug flow but with a residence time that is uncoupled from the hydrodynamics or boundary layer characteristics. The design described consists of an inner cylinder that rotates within a stationary but larger outer cylinder. At low rotation rates, a laminar, hydrodynamic configuration called Taylor-Couette flow is established, which consists of a system of circumferential vortices within the annular fluid gap. The latter constitutes a spatially periodic flow that is the hydrodynamic equivalent to cross flow over a tube bank or lamp array. These vortices provide radial mixing, reduce the boundary layer thickness, and are independent of the axial flow rate and thus the fluid residence time. An additional feature of the rotating design is the repetitive exposure of the fluid parcels to a minimum number of lamps, which substantially reduces the maintenance requirements. Inactivation data for Escherichia coli (ATCC 15597) were recorded in commercial apple and grape juice that are relatively opaque to UV radiation. With initial E. coli concentrations of approximately 106 CFU/ml, Taylor-Couette flow was found to provide a 3- to 5-log improvement in the inactivation efficiency compared with simple channel flow between concentric cylinders.

Effects of Shear Thinning on Taylor-Couette Flow: A Model for Synovial Fluid Flow

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariman Ashrafi
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Shear Thinning ◽  
Taylor Number ◽  
Taylor Vortex ◽  
Narrow Gap ◽  
Shear Thinning Fluids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

The effect of shear thinning on the stability of the Taylor-Couette flow (TCF) is explored for a Carreau-Bird fluid in the narrow-gap limit to simulate journal bearings in general. Also considered is the changing eccentricity to cover a wide range of applied situations such as bearings and even articulation of human joints. Here, a low-order dynamical system is obtained from the conservation of mass and momentum equations. In comparison with the Newtonian system, the present equations include additional nonlinear coupling in the velocity components through the viscosity. It is found that the critical Taylor number, corresponding to the loss of stability of the base (Couette) flow becomes lower s the shear-thinning effect increases. Similar to Newtonian fluids, there is an exchange of stability between the Couette and Taylor vortex flows. However, unlike the Newtonian model, the Taylor vortex cellular structure loses its stability in turn as the Taylor number reaches a critical value. At this point, A Hopf bifurcation emerges, which exists only for shear-thinning fluids. Variation of stresses in the narrow gap has been evaluated with significant applications in the non-Newtonian lubricant.

Delaying transition in Taylor–Couette flow with axial motion of the inner cylinder

1997 ◽  
Vol 348 ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
AREL Y. WEISBERG ◽  
IOANNIS G. KEVREKIDIS ◽  
ALEXANDER J. SMITS
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Stability Diagram ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Marginal Stability ◽  
Axial Motion ◽  
Taylor Vortices ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Taylor Couette ◽  
Taylor Couette Flow

Periodic axial motion of the inner cylinder in Taylor–Couette flow is used to delay transition to Taylor vortices. The outer cylinder is fixed. The marginal stability diagram of Taylor–Couette flow with simultaneous periodic axial motion of the inner cylinder is determined using flow visualization. For the range of parameters studied, the degree of enhanced stability is found to be greater than that predicted by Hu & Kelly (1995), and differences in the scaling with axial Reynolds number are found. The discrepancies are attributed to essential differences between the base flow in the open system considered by Hu & Kelly, where mass is conserved over one period of oscillation, and the base flow in the enclosed experimental apparatus, where mass is conserved at all sections at all times.

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