Three new species, two new genera, and new family Biphragmosagittidae (Сhaetognatha) from Southwest Pacific Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
A.P. Kassatkina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

Phylogenetic analysis of Lumbrineridae Schmarda, 1861 (Annelida: Polychaeta)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1332 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS F. CARRERA-PARRA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

This study represents the first phylogenetic reconstruction of lumbrinerid genera using parsimony analyses of 38 morphological characters. Following higher-level phylogenetic analysis, Oenone (Oenonidae) was selected as outgroup. The analysis was restricted to type species for each genus, yielded 24 equally parsimonious trees, which after successive weighting were reduced to one tree (CI= 0.7396). The topology of this tree revealed the separation of the family into four main clades: 1. Lysarete, 2. Arabellonereis, 3. Scoletoma, Lumbrineris, Hilbigneris gen. nov., Kuwaita, Lumbricalus, Sergioneris gen. nov. and Eranno, and 4. Abyssoninoe, Cenogenus, Lumbrinerides, Lumbrineriopsis, Augeneria, Loboneris gen. nov., Gallardoneris gen. nov., Helmutneris gen. nov., and Gesaneris gen. nov.; the position of Ninoe is unclear. A diagnosis of each genus is provided, including the description of six new genera and three new species. A key to lumbrinerid genera is included.

Allotanaupodidae, a new family of early derivative Parasitengona  (Acari: Prostigmata)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1517 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI-QIANG ZHANG ◽  
QING-HAI FAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Three New Species

A new family of early derivative Parasitengona (Acari: Prostigmata), Allotanaupodidae fam. nov., is described from New Zealand based on adults and deutonymphs of two new genera and five new species and a new superfamily Allotanaupodoidea is erected to accommodate it. The new family is characterized by the absence of prodorsal trichobothria and sensory areas, the presence of one or two pairs of plates with multiple setae on C to PS rows of dorsal hysterosoma, the presence of only two pairs of genital acetabula in adults, and short, distally inserted palptarsus on the palptibia. The family consists of two subfamilies (Allotanaupodinae subfam. nov. and Paratanaupodinae subfam. nov.), with the former endemic to New Zealand. Allotanaupodinae subfam. nov. has a single genus, Allotanaupodus gen. nov., which is represented by three new species from New Zealand: Allotanaupodus williamsi sp. nov. (type species) from Kawau I., Auckland, Allotanaupodus orete sp. nov. from Orete Forest, Te Puia Hut and Allotanaupodus winksi sp. nov. from Mt. Messenger, Taranaki. The eyeless Paratanaupodinae subfam. nov. consists of two genera: Nanotanaupodus gen. nov. and Paratanaupodus Andre & Lelievre-Farjon, 1960. The type genus Paratanaupodus Andre & Lelievre-Farjon, 1960 was previously placed in the Tanaupodidae and is represented by a single species, Paratanaupodus insensus André & Lelievre-Farjon, 1960, from South America. Nanotanaupodus gen. nov. is represented by two new species from New Zealand: Nanotanaupodus andrei sp. nov. (type species) from Waituhi Saddle and Nanotanaupodus gracehallae sp. nov. from Orete Forest, Te Puia Hut. A key to superfamilies of terrestrial Parasitengona (post-larval stages) is provided, along with keys to subfamilies, genera and species of the new family.

Studies on the Family Opisthorchiidaæ Braun, 1901, with a description of a New Species of Opisthorchis from a Sarus Crane (Antigone antigone)

1927 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

The classification of the Trematode family Opisthorchiidæ presents some difficulties to the systematist. These difficulties arise partly from the fact that a number of the existing species appear to lack any real morphological characters by which they can be differentiated, slight variations in measurements, together with a difference in host, having been considered sufficient to justify the making of new species. This view has resulted in the placing of undue importance on somewhat minor differences when they do occur in other species, such differences being considered sufficient for creating new genera.The systematist is further confronted with the difficulty of forming definite opinions on the systematic position of some of the species made by earlier workers. Their descriptions and figures are often inadequate owing to the fact that characters which, in the past, were considered of minor importance are now given much closer attention. Examples of the confusion which has arisen from such a position will be referred to in this paper.

Genus-level revision of the family Phalacridae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3605 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTHEW L. GIMMEL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tribal Classification ◽  
Phylogenetic Revision

A pre-phylogenetic revision of the family Phalacridae at the genus level is presented. Twenty-eight new generic synonymies are established as follows: Acylomus Sharp 1888 (=Liophalacrus Sharp 1888, syn. nov.; Ganyrus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.; Podocesus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.; Tinodemus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.; Ledorus Guillebeau 1895, syn. nov.; Astenulus Guillebeau 1896, syn. nov.; Afronyrus Švec 2006, syn. nov.), Apallodes Reitter 1873 (=Litolibrus Sharp 1889, syn. nov.; Sphaeropsis Guillebeau 1893, syn. nov.; Gyromorphus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.), Augasmus Motschulsky 1858 (=Megischius Guillebeau 1896, syn. nov.; Nematolibrus Sahlberg 1913, syn. nov.), Entomocnemus Guillebeau 1894 (=Stilbomimus Champion 1924, syn. nov.), Grouvelleus Guillebeau 1892 (=Ochrolitoides Champion 1924, syn. nov.; Litotarsus Champion 1925, syn. nov.), Litochrus Erichson 1845 (=Merobrachys Guillebeau 1895, syn. nov.), Litostilbus Guillebeau 1894 (=Pseudolitochrus Liubarsky 1993, syn. nov.), Ochrolitus Sharp 1889 (=Gorginus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.), Olibroporus Casey 1890 (=Parasemus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.), Olibrosoma Tournier 1889 (=Lichrotus Lyubarsky 1993, syn. nov.), Phaenocephalus Wollaston 1873 (=Phalacratomus Scott 1922, syn. nov.; Heterostilbus Champion 1924, syn. nov.), Phalacrinus Blackburn 1891 (=Sphaerostilbus Champion 1924, syn. nov.), Pseudolibrus Flach 1889 (=Biophytus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.; Polyaloxus Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.), Pycinus Guillebeau 1893 (=Ochrodemus Guillebeau 1893, syn. nov.; Radinus Guillebeau 1893, syn. nov.; Euphalacrus Champion 1925, syn. nov.). Ten new genera and seven new species are described: Antennogasmus, gen. nov. (type species: A. cordatus, sp. nov.), Austroporus, gen. nov. (type species: A. victoriensis (Blackburn)), Malagasmus Gimmel, gen. nov. (type species: M. thalesi, sp. nov.), Malagophytus, gen. nov. (type species: M. steineri, sp. nov.), Neolitochrus, gen. nov. (type species: N. pulchellus (LeConte)), Paracylomus, gen. nov. (type species: P. asiaticus (Champion)), Platyphalacrus, gen. nov. (type species: P. lawrencei, sp. nov.), Ranomafanacrinus, gen. nov. (type species: R. nigrinus, sp. nov.), Steinerlitrus, gen. nov. (type species: S. warreni, sp. nov.), Sveculus, gen. nov. (type species: S. lewisi, sp. nov.). Generic reassignments resulted in 194 new combinations. Nine new names have been established for junior primary and secondary homonyms: Acylomus bicoloratus nom. nov. for Tinodemus bicolor Švec 2002; Acylomus lyubarskyi nom. nov. for Olibrus capriviensis Lyubarsky 1998; Acylomus sveci nom. nov. for Tinodemus reticulatus Švec 2002; Acylomus orientalis nom. nov. for Stilbus similis Švec 1992; Acylomus zdeneki nom. nov. for Afronyrus snizeki Švec 2006; Apallodes championi nom. nov. for Litolibrus ocellatus Champion 1925; Olibrus peringueyi nom. nov. for Olibrus consanguineus Péringuey 1892; Augasmus exquisitus nom. nov. for Litochrus pulchellus Blackburn 1895; Litochrus pronotalis nom. nov. for Augasmus bimaculatus Lyubarsky 1996. A type species is designated for Phalacrinus Blackburn 1891 (P. australis Blackburn 1891). Six new species-group synonymies are established: Acylomus ergoti Casey 1890 (=Tinodemus grouvellei Guillebeau 1894, syn. nov.), Acylomus curvolineatus (Champion 1924) (=Tinodemus meridianus (Švec 1992), syn. nov.; Olibrus stuporatus Lyubarsky 1994, syn. nov.), Xanthocomus attenuatus (Casey, 1890) (=Xanthocomus concinnus (Casey, 1916), syn. nov.; Stilbus thoracicus Casey, 1916, syn. nov.; Stilbus quadrisetosus Casey, 1916, syn. nov.). One name, Olibrus sternalis Casey 1916, is resurrected from synonymy. Lectotypes are designated for 23 nominal species. One genus and two species are excluded from Phalacridae: Sternosternus Guillebeau 1894 (with its type and only species, S. grouvelleiGuillebeau 1894) and Parasemus parvopallidus Lea 1932, both of which belong in Hydrophilidae. All 34 resulting genera in the family Phalacridae are keyed, described, and illustrated. A phylogenetic hypothesis based on analysis of a matrix of 98 morphological characters was created using parsimony. Results of these analyses were not robust enough at deep levels to create a new subfamilial or tribal classification, but nine genus-groups have been hypothesized.

scholarly journals Notes on the Ethiopian Fruit-flies of the Family Trypaneidae, other than Dacus (s.l.), with descriptions of new genera and species (Dipt.).—I

1917 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bezzi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
New Genera ◽  
General Classification ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ethiopian Region

While the Oriental and Neotropical Trypaneids have been the subject in recent times of extensive studies, those of the Ethiopian Region are still almost in the same condition in which they were left by H. Loew in his valuable paper of 1861. Only more recently Prof. Hendel has made an attempt to erect some Ethiopian genera in his general classification of the family; but all these genera are only shortly characterised by means of dichotomic tables, and most of their type-species have been given names as new species, but without any description.

scholarly journals Review of the New World genera of the Leafhopper Tribe Erythroneurini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocycbinae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 118-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Dietrich ◽  
Dmitry A. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New World ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
One New Species

The genus-level classification of New World Erythroneurini is revised based on results of a phylogenetic analysis of 100 morphological characters. The 704 known species are placed into 18 genera. Erasmoneura Young and Eratoneura Young, previously treated as subgenera of Erythroneura Fitch, and Erythridula Young, most recently treated as a subgenus of Arboridia Zachvatkin, are elevated to generic status. Three species previously included in Erasmoneura are placed in a new genus, Rossmoneura (type species, Erythroneura tecta McAtee). The concept of Erythroneura is thereby narrowed to include only those species previously included in the nominotypical subgenus. New World species previously included in Zygina Fieber are not closely related to the European type species of that genus and are therefore placed in new genera. Neozygina, n. gen., based on type species Erythroneura ceonothana Beamer, includes all species previously included in the “ceonothana group”, and Zyginama, n. gen., based on type species Erythroneura ritana Beamer, includes most species previously included in the “ritana group” of New World Zygina. Five additional new genera are described to include other previously described North American Erythroneurini: Hepzygina, n. gen., based on type species Erythroneura milleri Beamer and also including E. aprica McAtee; Mexigina, n. gen., based on type species Erythroneura oculata McAtee; Nelionidia, n. gen., based on type species N. pueblensis, n. sp., three additional new species, and Erythroneura amicis Ross; Neoimbecilla, n. gen., based on type species Erythroneura kiperi Beamer and one new species; and Illinigina, n. gen., based on type species Erythroneura illinoiensis Gillette. Five new genera, based on previously undescribed species, are also recognized: Aztegina, n. gen, based on A. punctinota, n. sp., from Mexico; Amazygina, n. gen., based on type species A. decaspina, n. sp., and three additional new species from Ecuador; Hamagina, n. gen., based on type species H. spinigera, n. sp., and two additional new species from Peru and Ecuador; Napogina, n. gen., based on type species N. recta, n. sp., and one additional new species from Ecuador; Perugina, n. gen., based on type species P. denticula, n. sp., from Peru; and Spinigina, n. gen., based on type species S. hirsuta, n. sp., and an additional new species from Peru. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the New World Erythroneurini consist of three lineages resulting from separate invasions from the Old World.

NEUE GATTUNGEN UND ARTEN DER ACALYPTERATAE

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Von Willi Hennig
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

AbstractSome 35 species (mostly Neotropical, 22 new) of acalypterate flies representing 17 genera (3 new) in six families, as follows, are treated: Family Cypselosomatidae. One species from Nepal, Cypselosoma gephyrae Hendel (?), is discussed.Family Pseudopomyzidae. The classification of the family is reviewed, and a key to the world genera is provided. The genus Latheticomyia Wheeler is placed here for the first time, and two new species, L. longiterebra (Peru) and L. rotundicornis (Mexico), are described. Two new genera, Pseudopomyzella and Rhinopomyzella, are erected for three new species, P. flava (Peru), R. albimana (Brazil), and R. nigrimana (Brazil).Family Periscelidae. The genus Periscelis Loew is recorded from Mexico and Peru. Neoscutops peruvianus and Scutops striatus, both from Peru, are described as new.Family Aulacigastridae. The classification of the family is reviewed and a key to the world genera is provided. Schizochroa plesiomorphica (Peru), S. minuta (Ecuador), S. ecuadoriensis (Ecuador), Cyamops neotropicus (Peru), C. australicus (Queensland), and Planinasus venezuelensis (Venezuela) are described as new.Family Odiniidae. The classification of the family is reviewed and a key to the subfamilies and the world genera is provided. Two new species of Schildomyia Malloch, S. peruviana (Peru) and S. trinidadensis, are described. A new genus, Shewellia, is erected for the species S. agromyzina (Peru).Family Heleomyzidae. One new species of Cephodapedon Malloch, C. nigriventer (Chile), is described. The genera Mayomyia Malloch and Cinderella Steyskal are reviewed and placed in this family for the first time. Four species of Cinderella, C. macalpinei (Ecuador), C. pollinosa (Chile), C. hirsuta (Chile), and C. steyskali are described as new.The paper is accompanied by 72 illustrations.

scholarly journals A revision of mid-Cretaceous textularian foraminifers from Texas

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred R. Loeblich ◽  
Helen Tappan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Solid Walls ◽  
A New Species

Abstract. As Cretaceous species previously placed in Bigenerina, Siphotextularia, and Textularia differ from typical Cenozoic representatives of these genera in having solid non-canaliculate walls, 16 species from the Fredericksburg and Washita Groups (Albian-Cenomanian) of Texas and Oklahoma have been restudied. The new genera Heterantyx with type species H. antonovae sp. nov. and Quasispiroplectammina with type species Spiroplectammina longa are assigned to the family Spiroplectamminidae. A new family Textulariopsidae is proposed for basically biserial taxa with solid walls and includes Plectinella, Textulariopsis, of which two species T. lechriosa and T. texhomensis are new, the reinstated genus Bimonilina, with a new species B. reciprocata, and three new genera, Aaptoioichus, Haimasiella and Minyaichme.

Mesoparasitic copepods (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) associated with polychaete worms in European seas

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4579 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
GEOFF A. BOXSHALL ◽  
MYLES O’REILLY ◽  
ANDREY SIKORSKI ◽  
REBECCA SUMMERFIELD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Host Record ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Host Records

A large collection of mesoparasitic copepods from polychaete hosts collected in northern European waters was examined. The term mesoparasitic refers to highly transformed copepods where the adult female attaches by embedding part of its body in the host. Representatives of five known familes were found and a new family is established. A single new species, Bradophila minuta sp. nov., was described in the family Bradophilidae. It occurred exclusively on the flabelligerid Diplocirus glaucus (Malmgren, 1867). Two genera of the family Herpyllobiidae were represented: Herpyllobius Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 and Eurysilenium M. Sars, 1870. Herpyllobius arcticus Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 was found on at least five different polynoid hosts, two of which, Harmothoe fragilis Moore, 1910 and Antinoe sp., were new host records. A new species, H. cluthensis sp. nov. was described from Malmgrenia species in Scottish waters. The large species, Herpyllobius cordiformis Lützen, 1964, was collected in Arctic waters from Eunoe cf. oerstedi. It is the first report of this parasite in Europe. The common parasite H. polynoes (Krøyer, 1864) was found on six different polynoid hosts, three of which, Harmothoe bifera, Malmgreniella mcintoshi Tebble & Chambers, 1982 and Eunoe ?barbata are new host records. Eurysilenium truncatum M. Sars, 1870 was collected from Eucranta villosa Malmgren, 1866, Eunone sp., and Gattyana cirrhosa (Pallas, 1766). The material from Eucranta villosa caught at 72.6ºN comprises both a new host record and is the most northerly report of this parasite. Specimens of Eurysilenium which differed from E. truncatum in a number of features were found on Harmothoe fragilis and H. impar (Johnston, 1839). A new family, the Pholoicolidae, is established to accommodate Pholicola chambersae gen. et sp. nov., parasitic on Pholoe pallida Chambers, 1985. The family Phyllodicolidae was represented by all three of its known species: Phyllodicola petiti (Delamare Deboutteville & Laubier, 1960), Cyclorhiza eteonicola Heegaard, 1942 and C. megalova Gotto & Leahy, 1988. The former was found on Eumida ockelmanni Eibye-Jacobsen, 1987, a new host record. A single ovigerous female of C. eteonicola was collected from a new host, Eteone spetsbergensis Malmgren, 1865. Cyclorhiza megalova was common on Eteone longa (Fabricius, 1780) and E. longa/flava complex. A rich diversity of members of the family Saccopsidae was found, including three known species of Melinnacheres M. Sars, 1870 plus nine new species placed in four new genera. Melinnacheres was represented by M. ergasiloides M. Sars, 1870, M. steenstrupi Bresciani & Lützen, 1961 and M. terebellidis Levinsen, 1878. Melinnacheres ergasiloides was found on Melinna elizabethae McIntosh, 1914, M. steenstrupi on members of the Terebellides stroemi-complex and T. atlantis Williams, 1984, while M. terebellidis was found on the T. stroemi-complex and on T. shetlandica Parapar, Moreira & O'Reilly, 2016. A new genus, Trichobranchicola gen. nov., was established to accommodate T. antennatus gen. et sp. nov., a parasite of Trichobranchus sikorskii Leontovich & Jirkov in Jirkov, 2001, T. glacialis Malmgren, 1866 and Trichobranchus sp. The second new genus, Lanassicola gen. nov., was established to accommodate the type species, Lanassicola arcticus gen. et sp. nov. parasitic on Lanassa venusta (Malm, 1874), plus two additional species, L. bilobatus gen. et sp. nov. on Lanassa nordenskjoeldi Malmgren, 1866, and L. dorsilobatus gen. et sp. nov. on Proclea graffii (Langerhans, 1884). A new subfamily, Euchonicolinae, was established within the Saccopsidae to accommodate two new genera, Euchonicola gen. nov. and Euchonicoloides gen. nov. The type species of Euchonicola gen. nov. is E. caudatus gen. et sp. nov., a parasite of Euchone sp., and it includes two other species, E. linearis gen. et sp. nov. on Chone sp., and E. parvus gen. et sp. nov. on Euchone sp. The type species of Euchonicoloides gen. nov. is E. elongatus gen. et sp. nov. found on a host belonging to the genus Euchone, and it also includes Euchonicoloides halli gen. et sp. nov. from Jasmineira caudata Langerhans, 1880. Four species of the family Xenocoelomidae were found: Xenocoeloma alleni (Brumpt, 1897), X. brumpti Caullery & Mesnil, 1915, X. orbicularis sp. nov. and Aphanodomus terebellae (Levinsen, 1878). Xenocoeloma alleni was found on four different species of Polycirrus and on Amaeana trilobata (M. Sars, 1863) and X. brumpti was found on Polycirrus norvegicus Wollebaek, 1912. Xenocoeloma orbicularis sp. nov. occurred only on Paramphitrite birulai (Ssolowiew, 1899). Aphanodomus terebellae was found on three hosts, only one of which, Leaena abranchiata was new. 

On Mesozoic laetmogonid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Elasipodida)*

Zoosymposia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-212
Author(s):  
MIKE REICH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
New Family ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Three New Species

A comparative systematic survey of fossil Mesozoic laetmogonid sea cucumbers (Elasipodida) and their relatives is presented. A re-examination of the fossil record shows that only 13 fossil taxa can be recognised as belonging to this group. Four further known ‘laetmogonid’ taxa can be regarded as incertae sedis. An analysis of the results supports the following taxonomic changes. Palaeocaudinidae Boczarowski, 2001 represents a junior synonym of the Laetmogonidae Ekman, 1926. The subfamily Staurocaudininae Boczarowski, 1997 is restricted to the type species of Staurocaudina. The new family Palaeolaetmogonidae comprises probable stem group members of the Laetmogonidae. Three new species (Palaeocaudina rugia, Priscolaetmogone oloughlini, Palaeolaetmogone frankwiesei) are described from Late Cretaceous sediments of Europe. Two new genera (Palaeolaetmogone, Priscolaetmogone) are erected. The geographic distribution and phylogenetic relationships of Mesozoic and Cenozoic laetmogonid holothurians are analysed and discussed.

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