A new Dorylaimid nematode Xiphinema radicicola n. sp.

1936 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goodey
Keyword(s):  
Black Pepper ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Aphelenchus Avenae ◽  
Burrowing Nematode ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
De Man

In a collection of nematodes received from the Institute of Plant Diseases, Buitenzorg, Java, there were three tubes containing eelworms from pepper gardens on the island of Bangka, Dutch East Indies, where disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) caused by the “burrowing” nematode, Anguillulina similis, is particularly severe. In one of these tubes were worms which had been collected by Dr. J. van der Vecht from diseased pepper roots grown in a garden at Mabat Oerit, Bangka. Among these were large numbers of Anguillulina similis, many Cephalobus striatus, one Aphelenchus avenae, a few Dorylaimus sp. and 30 representatives of the worm which forms the subject of this note. On being cleared and mounted in glycerine it was seen that the buccal spear in all cases was extraordinarily long and closely resembled that figured by Cobb (1913) in Xiphinema americanum from which it was concluded that the worms might possibly belong to the genus Xiphinema. A question which exercised the writer for some time was whether, following Micoletzky (1921), the genus Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 should be considered as synonymous with Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876.

scholarly journals Secondary Metabolic Profile as a Tool for Distinction and Characterization of Cultivars of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivated in Pará State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Luccas M. Barata ◽  
Eloísa H. Andrade ◽  
Alessandra R. Ramos ◽  
Oriel F. de Lemos ◽  
William N. Setzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Pepper ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Protein Targets ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons

This study evaluated the chemical compositions of the leaves and fruits of eight black pepper cultivars cultivated in Pará State (Amazon, Brazil). Hydrodistillation and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were employed to extract and analyze the volatile compounds, respectively. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant (58.5–90.9%) in the cultivars “Cingapura”, “Equador”, “Guajarina”, “Iaçará”, and “Kottanadan”, and “Bragantina”, “Clonada”, and “Uthirankota” displayed oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (50.6–75.0%). The multivariate statistical analysis applied using volatile composition grouped the samples into four groups: γ-Elemene, curzerene, and δ-elemene (“Equador”/“Guajarina”, I); δ-elemene (“Iaçará”/“Kottanadan”/“Cingapura”, II); elemol (“Clonada”/“Uthirankota”, III) and α-muurolol, bicyclogermacrene, and cubebol (“Bragantina”, IV). The major compounds in all fruit samples were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene. Among the cultivar leaves, phenolics content (44.75–140.53 mg GAE·g−1 FW), the enzymatic activity of phenylalanine-ammonia lyase (20.19–57.22 µU·mL−1), and carotenoids (0.21–2.31 µg·mL−1) displayed significant variations. Due to black pepper’s susceptibility to Fusarium infection, a molecular docking analysis was carried out on Fusarium protein targets using each cultivar’s volatile components. F. oxysporum endoglucanase was identified as the preferential protein target of the compounds. These results can be used to identify chemical markers related to the susceptibility degree of black pepper cultivars to plant diseases prevalent in Pará State.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pseudomonas bacteria of Piper tuberculatum regarding the production of potentially bio-stimulating compounds for plant growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Danyllo Amaral de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Solange da Cunha FERREIRA ◽  
Daiany Larissa Ribeiro CARRERA ◽  
Cleyson Pantoja SERRÃO ◽  
Daihany Moraes CALLEGARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Soluble Phosphate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Molybdenum Blue ◽  
Iaa Production

ABSTRACT Despite advances in the identification and characterization of endophytic bacteria in various plant species worldwide, little is known about such microorganisms in plants from the Amazon region. Previous studies reported that Piper tuberculatum endophytic Pseudomonas (isolates Pt12 and Pt13, identified as Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas sp., respectively) were able to inhibit the in vitro growth of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, which causes root rot in black pepper (Piper nigrum), and that Pt13 promoted the growth of P. nigrum. Therefore, the aim here was to characterize these bacteria regarding their ability to produce plant growth-promoting substances [siderophores, indol acetic acid (IAA) and soluble phosphate]. Chrome azurol S assays were performed for the detection of siderophores. For qualitative and quantitative assays of IAA production and phosphate solubilization, Salkowski´s reagent and NBRIP medium with molybdenum blue reagent, respectively, were used. Results revealed that Pt12 and Pt13 were able to synthesize IAA, mainly under a high concentration of L-tryptophan, indicating that they are IAA-producing bacteria, probably through a tryptophan-dependent biosynthesis pathway. The presence of P. nigrum extract positively influenced the IAA production by Pt12 and Pt13, with highest values of 125 and 90 µg mL-1, respectively. In addition, Pt12 was positive for the production of siderophores and produced 56.56 µg mL-1 of soluble phosphate. In contrast, Pt13 showed no ability to produce siderophores or to solubilize phosphate. Besides their potential in controlling plant diseases, Pt12 and Pt13 have potential as biofertilizers, favoring sustainable agriculture.

Five new species of larval mites (Acarina: Trombiculinae)

Parasitology ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Radford
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dutch East Indies

Prior to 1939 our knowledge of the mites of the sub-family Trombiculinae was limited to about a dozen species, whose life history had been the subject of investigations by Nagayo and his associates in Japan, Walch in the Dutch East Indies and Gater, Fletcher, Lesslar and Lewthwaite in Malaya.

Antileishmanial Alkaloids from Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
HRW Dharmaratne ◽  
BL Tekwani ◽  
NPD Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFICACY OF BIO-CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL, YIELD AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Yap Chin Ann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Area Index ◽  
K 12

The last nutrient management review of black pepper was done in 1968. There is, therefore, a need to develop new technology to improve pepper production and transfer that technology to production site. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of newly developed biochemical fertilizer on some physiological characteristics, yield and soil fertility of pepper. The treatment consisted of T1 (BS): chemical fertilizer (N:12%, P:12%, K:17%); T2 (BK1): biochemical fertilizer F1 N:15%, P:5%, K:14) and T3 (BK2): biochemical fertilizer F2 (N:13%, P:4%, K:12). The biochemical fertilizer F1 out-yielded chemical and biochemical fertilizer F2 by 75.38% and 16.45% respectively with the higher yield being associated with various phonotypical alterations, which are reported here. Significant measureable changes were observed in physiological processes and plant characteristics, such as large leaf area index, more chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis rate coupled with lower transpiration rate in biochemical fertilizer F1(BK1) treatment compared with other treatment. The high fertility level in biochemical fertilizer F1 and biochemical fertilizer F2 (BK2) reflected the important of organic material in improving soil quality. In conclusion, the achieve high growth performance and yield in pepper, chemical fertilizer alone is insufficient whilst combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer with balance nutrient content gave a significant increase in yield and growth of pepper. 

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