Role of polysomnography in tracheostomy decannulation in the paediatric patient

1999 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakul Mukherjee ◽  
Arvind Singh Bais ◽  
Yogesh Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Paediatric Patient ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Minimum Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Tracheostomy Tubes ◽  
In Infants And Children

AbstractTracheostomy in infants and children has been the subject of controversy in the medical literature, but decannulation in the paediatric patient is even more controversial. Various approaches and techniques have been used for decannulation, however in spite of all efforts it continues to be a problem. The objective of our study was to assess the role of polysomnography (PSG) in predicting readiness for decannulation. All subjects (n = 31) of the study were less than 12 years of age, and tracheostomized for periods of at least six months to ensure a minimum period of dependence on the tube. All had clinical, radiological and endoscopic clearance before PSG was performed. Twenty-one out of 22 patients with favourable PSG data were successfully decannulated. Attempts to decannulate all the nine patients with unfavourable PSG failed. The conclusion of the study was that PSG is a useful adjunct to the many methods of evaluating readiness for decannulation in children with long-term tracheostomy tubes.

The future role of the psychiatrist in Europe – a UEMS perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
M. Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Personal Opinion ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many

SummaryThe author presents his personal opinion inviting to discussion on the possible future role of psychiatrists. His view is based upon the many contacts with psychiatrists all over Europe, academicians and everyday professionals, as well as the familiarity with the literature. The list of papers referred to is based upon (1) the general interest concerning the subject when representing ideas also worded elsewhere, (2) the accessibility to psychiatrists and mental health professionals in Germany, (3) being costless downloadable for non-subscribers and (4) for some geographic aspects (e.g. Belgium, Spain, Sweden) and the latest scientific issues, addressing some authors directly.

An International Relations Perspective on the Reform Needs of the Human Rights Council

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-80
Author(s):  
Wolfgang S. Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Human Rights Council ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Subject

Abstract: This article approaches the matter of institutional reform of the United Nations Human Rights Council from an international relations perspective. A well-known tension exists between State representatives acting for their governments in international organisations, but whose decisions are presented as UN policies. The latter should be guided primarily by the UN Charter and public international law. However, in reality, different worldviews and foreign policy considerations play a more significant role. In a comprehensive stock-take, the article looks at four major dimensions of the Council, starting with structure and dynamics and major trends, followed by its country and thematic activities, and the role of key actors. Council reform proposals from both States and civil society are explored. Whilst the intergovernmental body remains the most important authority responsible for the protection of human rights in the international sphere, it has also been the subject of considerable criticism. Although it has made considerable progress towards enlarging its coverage and taking on more challenging human rights crises, among some of its major weaknesses are the election of human rights-unfriendly countries into its ranks, the failure to apply stronger sanctions on large, politically influential countries in the South and North, and lack of influence on human rights crises and chronic human rights problems in certain countries. Whilst various reform proposals have emerged from States and NGOs, other more far reaching propositions are under sometimes difficult negotiations. In the mid- to long-term, the UN human rights machinery can only have a stronger and more lasting impact if support from national/local actors and coalitions in politics and society can be strengthened.

scholarly journals Long-term surgical outcome of mitral valve repair in infants and children with Shone's anomaly†

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Maria Delmo Walter ◽  
Takeshi Komoda ◽  
Henryk Siniawski ◽  
Oliver Miera ◽  
Richard Van Praagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
In Infants And Children

The Role of ECT in Schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Keuneman ◽  
Rajiv Weerasundera ◽  
David Castle
Keyword(s):  
Acute Onset ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Maintenance Ect ◽  
The Subject

Objective: To review the place of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of schizophrenia. Conclusions: ECT is as effective, if not more so, than the antipsychotic drugs in certain clinical settings. It can be rapidly effective in acute episodes. When used alone, antipsychotics have comparable or superior efficacy to ECT alone in the short term. However, ECT possibly confers better long-term outcome. Combination treatment with antipsychotic medications and ECT is superior to either treatment alone, and is safe and effective, notably in medication resistant schizophrenia. Benefits of acute courses of ECT may be short-lived unless maintenance ECT is instituted, although there are limited data on the subject. Clinically, patients with acute onset, shorter episodes are more likely to respond to ECT. Catatonia, preoccupation with delusions and hallucinations, and a relative absence of premorbid schizoid and paranoid personality traits, are other clinical factors less strongly predictive of positive response. The presence of affective symptoms is often thought to be predictive of clinical response. However, there is little research evidence for this. While medications remain the mainstay of treatment in schizophrenia, ECT does have a clear and increasingly recognised role which requires further evaluation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF COGNITIVE DYSONANCE ON THE FORMATION OF THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
T. Krech ◽  
I. Milyeva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Language System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many

The language system is susceptible to the many changes that occur in society and the consciousness of its members. Language units can be motivated by taboos – a phenomenon that causes a person to abandon the use of some language units and replace them with others that are more suitable for this communicative situation. Such a replacement is due to mental rejection, emotional discomfort, in fact, cognitive dissonance, which is born as a result of various objective and subjective factors. The presence in the human mind of a fideistic attitude to the word is a psychological reality. Therefore, the use of replacement words as a result of a certain mental discomfort has become the subject of research not only for linguists, but also for scientists who deal with issues of culture, religion, ethnography, and especially psychology. Some sources that we used to write an article are not so much of a linguistic nature, but rather of a psycholinguistic one. At the same time, scientists note that consciously or unconsciously, but a person always feels a greater role of associative connections between a word and a named subject. The purpose of the article is to study language units motivated by ancient remnants, and to determine the role of euphemisms in the communication process. It is these “soft” expressions that make speech more pleasant, one that protects the psyche and aesthetic feelings of a person.

Long-Term Continuous Electrocardiographic Recording in Pediatric Patients

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-797
Author(s):  
BEVERLY C. MORGAN ◽  
PHILIP G. DEANE ◽  
WARREN G. GUNTHEROTH
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Pediatric Use ◽  
In Infants And Children

A continuous electrocardiographic system, previously utilized primarily in the evaluation of adult patients has been described as modified for pediatric use. Its usefulness in evaluating arrhythmias in infants and children under a variety of circumstances has been demonstrated with four case reports.

scholarly journals Immunovirological parameters and cytokines in HIV infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ingrid Tasca ◽  
Sueli Aparecida Calvi ◽  
Lenice do Rosário de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapies ◽  
The Many ◽  
Lower Morbidity

Although modern combined antiretroviral therapies (cART) result in lower morbidity and mortality and a visible improvement of clinical and laboratory parameters in HIV-infected, it is known that their long-term use contributes to appearance of the many events unrelated to AIDS such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and osteoporosis, comorbidities which have been proposed as some of the most important that deprive the majority of infected to present an even better prognosis. This is because even with a decrease in inflammation and immune activation after drug intervention to the patient, these parameters remain higher than those shown by healthy individuals and the imbalance of cytokine profiles also persists. Therefore, evaluations of other biomarkers in clinical practice are needed to complement the exams already carried out routinely and allow more effective monitoring of HIV patients. This review aims to investigate the role of cytokines as potential markers showing studies on their behavior in various stages of HIV infection, with or without cART.

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