The effect of local application of insulin-like growth factor for prevention of inner-ear damage caused by electrode trauma

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
H Gur ◽  
Y Alimoglu ◽  
U Duzenli ◽  
S Korkmaz ◽  
S Inan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractBackground:Electrode insertion during cochlear implantation causes cochlear damage and apoptosis. Insulin-like growth factor applied locally was investigated in 21 rats.Methods:In the sham group, an intracochlear dummy electrode was inserted through the round window. In the control group, after the same insertion procedure, saline-soaked porcine skin gelatine was placed on the round window. In the study group, insulin-like growth factor 1 soaked gelatine was placed on the round window. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured and histopathological examination was performed.Results:In the study group, at 2–4 kHz, one rat had deterioration, one showed improvement and the rest had stable thresholds 14 days after intervention. At 6 kHz, four rats showed improvement and the rest remained stable. At 8 kHz, four showed improvement, one had deterioration and two remained stable. In the other groups, hearing loss deteriorated in about half of the rats and remained stable in the rest. The mean post-operative 6 kHz threshold was significantly lower than that immediately after the intervention in the study group, contrary to the other groups. The study group had significantly better mean histopathological grading than the other groups.Conclusion:Local insulin-like growth factor 1 application may protect hearing after cochlear implantation.

scholarly journals PromBERA: A preoperative eABR: An update

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Polterauer ◽  
Maike Neuling ◽  
Joachim Müller ◽  
John-Martin Hempel ◽  
Giacomo Mandruzzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Round Window Niche

AbstractPrior to cochlear implantation, audiological tests are performed to determine candidacy in subjects with a hearing loss. This is usually done by measuring the acoustic auditory brainstem response (ABR). Unfortunately, for some subjects, a reproducible ABR recording cannot be obtained, even at high acoustic levels. Having a healthy stimulating auditory nerve is required for cochlear implantation in order to benefit from the electrical pulses that are generated by the implant and to improve speech comprehension. In some subjects, this prerequisite cannot be measured using routine audiological tests. In this study, the feasibility of recording electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (eABR) using a stimulating transtympanic electrode, placed on the round window niche, together with MED-EL clinical system is investigated. The results show that it is possible to record reproducible eABR measurements using PromBERA. The response was also confirmed with intraoperative eABR measurements that were stimulated using the implanted CI electrode array. Similarities between the intraoperative measurements and the preoperative recorded waveforms were observed. In summary, the integrity and excitability of the auditory nerve can be objectively measured using the PromBERA in subjects where standard clinical testing procedures are unable to provide the information required.

Cortical and subcortical processing of speech in cochlear implant recipients with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Abdel Maksoud Nassar ◽  
Dalia Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Tayseer Taha Abdel Rahman ◽  
Amal Younis
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Brainstem Response

Abstract Background Cochlear implantation (CI) is now recognized as one of the possible lines of interventions in ANSD patients to improve their hearing and speech communication. Desynchronized of the auditory information is the most widely accepted mechanism in ANSD. Objectives To study speech processing in the brainstem level as measured by speech-auditory brainstem response (S-ABR) in ANSD and CAEP P1 in ANSD subjects fitted with CIs and the results will be compared to SNHL subjects fitted with unilateral CIs. Subjects and method A total number of 45 subjects were included classified into three groups (one control and two study groups). The control group 16 subjects, age ranged from 5 to 29.5 years with mean of (11.1 years) with normal peripheral hearing sensitivity. The study group comprised 29 children who underwent cochlear implantation. It was subdivided into two subgroups: Group (SNHL) ;their age ranged from2.9 to 15.5 years with mean of (7.7 years) and group (ANSD); Their age ranged from 3.2 to 29 years with mean of (9.3 years) They were subjected to detailed history taking, aided warble-tone sound field audiometry, Questionnaire and Speech-evoked potentials (P1 &c-ABR) recording evoked by the 150-ms synthesized /da/ syllable stimulus. Results C-ABR waves were detected in 100% of control group, 75% of SNHL group and 53.8% of ANSD group. A statistically significant differences existed between the control group and the two study subgroups regarding the P1 latencies. While; there were no statistically significant differences between {SNHL group &ANSD}. Sound-field S-ABR in the CI recipients showed delayed latencies in both SNHL group &ANSD group comparable to the control group with more delay in ANSD group than SNHL group. Finally, the neural phase locking was significantly higher in CI recipients due to electrical artifact. Conclusions • There were no statistically significant differences between {SNHL group & ANSD group} regarding P1 latency. • C-ABR waves were detected in 75% of SNHL group and 53.8% of ANSD group with delayed latencies and higher amplitude than control group with more delay in ANSD group than SNHL group. The findings of sound-field S-ABR demonstrated that CI recipients have neural encoding deficits in temporal and spectral domains at the brainstem level; therefore, the sound-field S-ABR can be considered an efficient clinical procedure to assess the speech processing in ANSD subjects fitted with cochlear implant.

S228 – Direct Round Window Drug Application and Ototoxicity in Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P151-P151
Author(s):  
Teresa Rivera ◽  
Fernando García Alcantara ◽  
Jon Alexander Sistiaga Suarez ◽  
Murillo-Cuesta Silvia ◽  
Vacas Elena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Round Window ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Tone Burst ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Round Window Membrane ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Brainstem Response

Objectives 1) Manage to introduce ototoxic drugs, such as kanamycin and furosemide, directly on the round window in rats. 2) Use a purified gelatine sponge as a proper delivery vehicle. The purpose of the study is to assess the validity of this method to provoke local ototoxicity. Methods We carried out an experimental design with 3 groups of 6 male Wistar rats. The bulla and round window membrane were exposed using a ventral approach. In the first control group we only made a hole in the tympanic bulla. Second control group was treated with saline solution. The problem group was treated with 20 mg/kg of kanamycin and 5 mg/Kg of furosemide-soaked gelatine sponge directly upon the round window membrane. Cochlear function was assessed through tone burst auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold (dB) and peak latency (ms) measurements. Anova with bonferroni correction was used (p level=0.05). Results All animals treated with kanamycin and furosemide exhibited significant increase in ABR threshold (x = 51.25 dB; SD = 6.29; p = 0,001) in contrast to the other groups, whose ABR thresholds did not show significant differences before and after treatment(x=31,50 dB; SD=5.53); and not significant increase in peak latencies I (x = 0.22 ms; SD = 0.12), II (x = 0.22 ms; SD = 0.20) and IV (x = 0.21 ms; SD = 0.18). Conclusions The ventral approach and placement of kanamycin and furosemide-soaked gelatine sponge directly upon the round window membrane represents a reliable method for ototoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals The role of insulin-like growth factor in prediction and prevention of preterm delivery

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 883-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Bogavac ◽  
Natasa Simin ◽  
Milan Ranisavljevic ◽  
Ljiljana Budisic
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Cervicovaginal Secretion

Background/Aim. Prediction and prevention of preterm delivery remain great challenge. It is important to include in everyday medical practice determination of certain markers that could help identifying pregnant women with preterm delivery. Insulin like growth factor (IGF) is involved in the control mechanism of fetal and placental growth and development. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) in cervicovaginal secretion of pregnant women with symptoms of preterm labor, but with apparently intact fetal membranes and to point out a possible application of the strip test for detection of phIGFBP-1 in diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of total membranes (PPROM) in everyday medical practice. Methods. The study was performed at the Department for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Vojvodina between October 2008 and May 2009. The study included 54 pregnant women between 20-35 weeks of gestation (WG), divided into two groups: the study group (16 pregnant women with symptoms of preterm delivery that gave birth before 37 WG) and the control group (38 pregnant women with the normal course of pregnancy that gave birth on term). In cervicovaginal secretion of the examined pregnant women the level of IGFBP-1 was determined by the immunochromatographic assay with monoclonal antibodies 6303 as a detecting antibody (Actim PROM test, Medix Biochemica, Kauniainen, Finland). Results. Gestational age (GA) at delivery in the study group was 32.6 WG and in the control group it was 38.4 WG. Weight of newborns in the study group was 2,021 g and in the control group 3,430 g. IGFBP test was positive in 15 women (93.75%) of the study group, while in the control group it was positive only in 1 woman (2.63%). Conclusion. Test on phIGFBP-1 in cervicovaginal mucus was positive in 93.75% women with preterm delivery, suggesting that this test could be used in diagnosis of silent rupture of fetal membranes and in prediction of preterm delivery.

Detection and Assessment of Interleukin 6 in Irreversible Pulp Inflamation

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Cristian Levente Giuroiu ◽  
Maria Vataman ◽  
Gabriel Melian ◽  
Dragos Bularda ◽  
Ludmila Lozneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Technique ◽  
Systemic Distribution ◽  
Cell Zone

The study aimed to assess the number, localization and distribution of interleukin 6 (IL-6) positive cells in healthy pulp, acute and chronic pulpitis. The study group included 48 patients aged between 18-72, treated in University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Romania. The pulpectomy was performed on 42 patients diagnosed with acute and chronic pulpitis. The other 6 patients, without signs of dental caries or periodontal disease, were submitted to extractions of teeth for orthodontic purposes, with pulpectomy performed before extraction. The pulp samples were examined with optic microscope. The detection and assessment of IL-6 were performed using immunohistochemical technique. Data were statistically analysed using non-parametric tests. According to morphopathological criteria, 42.85% were classified as acute pulpitis and 57.14% as chronic pulpitis. The pulp samples in control group were not associated with IL-6 positive cells. The analysis of all samples with acute and chronic pulpitis identified 73.80% samples with IL-6 and 26.20% associated with the absence of IL-6. The highest frequency of IL-6 positive cells was recorded in rich-cell zone of crown dental pulp. The systemic distribution of IL-6 positive cells was mostly diffused without well-defined orientation. IL-6 release in acute and chronic pulpitis is significantly higher comparing with healthy pulp tissue.

Diagnostic Implications of Stimulus Polarity Effects on the Auditory Brainstem Response

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 072-082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia G. Fowler ◽  
Christopher D. Bauch ◽  
Wayne O. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intersubject Variability ◽  
Acoustic Neuromas ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Polarity Effects ◽  
Click Polarity

The purpose of this study was to determine whether clicks presented in rarefaction or condensation modes produce more accurate diaghostic information. Subjects were 20 consecutive patients who were seen at the Mayo Clinic for unilateral acoustic neuromas. The nontumor ear served as a control to minimize intersubject variability in the latencies. A standard audio logic evaluation was followed by an auditory brainstem response (ABR) test for which the stimuli were rarefaction and condensation clicks. Responses were analyzed for the presence of waves I, III, and V; absolute latencies of waves I, III, and V; interpeak intervals I–III, III–V, and I–V; and interaurallatency difference for wave V. The results indicated that measures from both polarities were similar in this set of patients and that neither click polarity provided diagnostic advantages over the other. Recommendations are to collect ABRs to both click polarities individually to obtain the full complement of waves on which to base the diagnostic impression.

Glutathione Ester But Not Glutathione Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in a Rat Model

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen C.M. Campbell ◽  
Deb L. Larsen ◽  
Robert P. Meech ◽  
Leonard P. Rybak ◽  
Larry F. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Tone Burst ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Group A ◽  
Direct Administration ◽  
Response Thresholds ◽  
Para Determinar

Glutathione (GSH) provides an important antioxidant and detoxification pathway. We tested to determine if direct administration of GSH or GSH ester could reduce cisplatin- (CDDP) induced ototoxicity. We tested eight groups of five rats each: a control group, a group receiving 16 mg/kg ip CDDP infused over 30 minutes, and six groups receiving either GSH or GSH ester at 500, 1000, or 1500 mg/kg intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to 16 mg/kg CDDP. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured for click and tone-burst stimuli at baseline and 3 days later. Outer hair cell (OHC) loss was measured for the apical, middle and basal turns. The 500 mg/kg GSH ester reduced hearing loss and OHC loss, but protection decreased as dosage increased, suggesting possible toxicity. GSH was not significantly protective. The best GSH ester protection was less than we have previously reported with D-methionine. El glutatión (GSH) brinda una importante vía antioxidante y de cetoxificación. Realizamos una prueba para determinar si la administración directa de GSH o del éster de GSH podía reducir la ototoxicidad inducida por cisplatino (CDDP). Hicimos una evaluación en ocho grupos de cinco ratas cada uno: un grupo control, un grupo que recibió CDDP intraperitoneal a 16 mg/kg en una ínfusión durante 30 minutos y seis grupos que recibieron intraperitonealmente GSH o el éster de GSH a 500, 1000 o 1500 mg/kg, 30 minutos antes del CDDP a 16 mg/kg. Se midieron umbrales de respuestas auditivas del tallo cerebral tanto para clicks como para bursts tonales, al inicio y 3 días después. La pérdida de células ciliadas externas (OHC) fue establecida a nivel de las vueltas apical, media y basal. La dosis de 500 mg/kg de éster de GSH redujo la hipoacusia y la pérdida de OHC, pero la protección disminuyó conforme la dosis se incrementó, sugiriendo una posible toxicidad. EL GSH no resultó significativamente protector. El mejor efecto protector del éster de GSH fue menor que el previamente reportado con D-Metionina.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Microbubbles Enhance the Efficacy of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Therapy for the Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3626
Author(s):  
Yi-Chun Lin ◽  
Yuan-Yung Lin ◽  
Hsin-Chien Chen ◽  
Chao-Yin Kuo ◽  
Ai-Ho Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Round Window Membrane ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Ear Diseases ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Ultrasound Microbubbles

The application of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) to the round window membrane (RWM) is an emerging treatment for inner ear diseases. RWM permeability is the key factor for efficient IGF-1 delivery. Ultrasound microbubbles (USMBs) can increase drug permeation through the RWM. In the present study, the enhancing effect of USMBs on the efficacy of IGF-1 application and the treatment effect of USMB-mediated IGF-1 delivery for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) were investigated. Forty-seven guinea pigs were assigned to three groups: the USM group, which received local application of recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1, 10 µg/µL) following application of USMBs to the RWM; the RWS group, which received IGF-1 application alone; and the saline-treated group. The perilymphatic concentration of rhIGF-1 in the USM group was 1.95- and 1.67- fold of that in the RWS group, 2 and 24 h after treatment, respectively. After 5 h of 118 dB SPL noise exposure, the USM group had the lowest threshold shift in auditory brainstem response, least loss of cochlear outer hair cells, and least reduction in the number of synaptic ribbons on postexposure day 28 among the three groups. The combination of USMB and IGF-1 led to a better therapeutic response to NIHL. Two hours after treatment, the USM group had significantly higher levels of Akt1 and Mapk3 gene expression than the other two groups. The most intense immunostaining for phosphor-AKT and phospho-ERK1/2 was detected in the cochlea in the USM group. These results suggested that USMB can be applied to enhance the efficacy of IGF-1 therapy in the treatment of inner ear diseases.

Antioxidant Enzyme Levels Inversely Covary with Hearing Loss After Amikacin Treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Klemens ◽  
Robert P. Meech ◽  
Larry F. Hughes ◽  
Satu Somani ◽  
Kathleen C.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Difference

This study's purpose was to determine if a correlation exists between cochlear antioxidant activity changes and auditory function after induction of aminoglycoside (AG) ototoxicity. Two groups of five 250-350 g albino guinea pigs served as subjects. For 28 days, albino guinea pigs were administered either 200 mg/kg/day amikacin, or saline subcutaneously. Auditory brainstem response testing was performed prior to the first injection and again before sacrifice, 28 days later. Cochleae were harvested and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured. All antioxidant enzymes had significantly lower activity in the amikacin group (p ≤ 0.05) than in the control group. The difference in cochlear antioxidant enzyme activity between groups inversely correlated significantly with the change in ABR thresholds. The greatest correlation was for the high frequencies, which are most affected by aminoglycosides. This study demonstrates that antioxidant enzyme activity and amikacin-induced hearing loss significantly covary.

Long-term treadmill training ameliorates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation mediated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Yuan Lin ◽  
Shin-Da Lee ◽  
Chia-Ting Su ◽  
Tsung-Lin Cheng ◽  
Ai-Lun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nos Inhibitors

Dysfunction of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is associated with the pathophysiology of hypertension. The influence of long-term exercise on vascular dysfunction caused by hypertension remains unclear. We investigated whether long-term treadmill training improved insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation in hypertensive rats. Eight-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into sedentary and exercise (SHR-EX) groups. The SHR-EX group was trained on a treadmill for 60 min/day, 5 days/wk, for 8 wk. Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as the normal control group. After training, aortic insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was evaluated in organ baths. Additionally, the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and aortic protein expression were examined in the three groups. Compared with sedentary SHR and WKY groups, insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was significantly enhanced to a nearly normal level in the SHR-EX group. After endothelial denudation, blunted and comparable vasorelaxation was found among the three groups. Pretreatment with selective PI3K and NOS inhibitors attenuated insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation, and no significant difference was found among the three groups after the pretreatment. The aortic protein levels of the insulin receptor (IR), IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and endothelial NOS (eNOS) were also significantly increased in the SHR-EX group compared with the other two groups. These results suggested that treadmill training elicited the amelioration of endothelium-dependent insulin/IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation partly via the increased activation of PI3K and NOS, as well as the enhancement of protein levels of IR, IGF-1R, IRS-1, and eNOS, in hypertension.

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