Association of epicardial fat thickness with clinical and polysomnographic parameters in non-obese obstructive sleep apnoea patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Derin ◽  
I Altun ◽  
S Koseoglu ◽  
C Sahin ◽  
M Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation ◽  
Epicardial Fat ◽  
Epicardial Fat Thickness ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Fat Thickness

AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to investigate the relationship of epicardial fat thickness with severity of obstructive sleep apnoea, and clinical and polysomnographic parameters, and to determine independent predictors for epicardial fat thickness.Methods:A total of 84 patients with a body mass index of less than 30 kg/m2 and suspected sleep-disordered breathing were included in the study. The correlations of epicardial fat thickness with polysomnographic and clinical data, and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea, were investigated.Results:Mean epicardial fat thickness was 3.75 ± 1.07 mm in the study group (n = 62) and 2.97 ± 0.62 mm in the control group (n = 22) (p < 0.001). There were significant positive correlations between epicardial fat thickness and: apnoea/hypopnoea index, oxygen desaturation index 3 and minimum oxygen saturation, as well as with age, body mass index, and neck and waist circumferences.Conclusion:Non-obese obstructive sleep apnoea patients have thicker epicardial fat compared to controls. Oxygen desaturation index 3 has a strong correlation with epicardial fat thickness and is an independent predictor of it.

scholarly journals Effect of ventilation therapy on mortality rate among obesity hypoventilation syndrome and obstructive sleep apnoea patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 00101-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna-Riikka Kreivi ◽  
Tuomas Itäluoma ◽  
Adel Bachour
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Hypoventilation Syndrome ◽  
Obesity Hypoventilation

IntroductionThe prevalence of obesity is continually increasing worldwide, which increases the incidence of obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) and its consequent mortality.MethodsWe reviewed the therapy mode, comorbidity and mortality of all OHS patients treated at our hospital between 2005 and 2016. The control group consisted of randomly selected patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) treated during the same period.ResultsWe studied 206 OHS patients and 236 OSA patients. The OHS patients were older (56.3 versus 52.3 years, p<0.001) and heavier (body mass index 46.1 versus 32.2 kg·m−2, p<0.001), and the percentage of women was higher (41.2% versus 24.2%, p<0.001), respectively. The OHS patients had more hypertension (83% versus 61%, p<0.001) and diabetes (62% versus 31%, p<0.001) than the OSA patients, but no higher stroke (4% versus 8%, p=0.058) or ischaemic heart disease (14% versus 15%, p=0.437) incidence. The 5- and 10-year, unadjusted survival rates were lower among the OHS patients than among the OSA patients (83% versus 96% and 74% versus 91%, respectively; p<0.001). Differences in mortality rates were not related to age, sex or body mass index; covariates such as Charlson Comorbidity Index and ventilation therapy predicted survival. The mortality rate decreased significantly (p<0.001) both in OHS and OSA patients even after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsThe mortality rate in OHS was significantly higher than that in OSA patients even after adjusting for covariates. Ventilation therapy by continuous positive airway pressure or noninvasive ventilation have reduced mortality significantly in all patients.

scholarly journals Correlation of body mass index and pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Saurabh Mishra ◽  
G N Srivastava ◽  
J K Mishra ◽  
Ritamvara Oli
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
2D Echocardiography ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnoea has very strong association with both body mass index and pulmonary hypertension. There is a paucity of data to relate BMI and PH in patients with OSA. To see the relation between body mass index and pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Patients with symptoms of OSA were screened for polysomnography by using STOP-BANG criteria. 100 patients with AHI ≥5 with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea and AHI ≥ 15 without symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea were selected for other investigations. Neck circumference was measured and BMI was calculated to estimate the severity of obstruction. PFT and chest X-ray were done to rule-out other respiratory illnesses. 2D-echocardiography was done for screening of pre-existing structural cardiac anomaly or any raise in pulmonary artery pressure. MRI neck was done to check neck muscles status. Out of 100 patients in study group 10% (n=10) had mild, 12% (n=12) had moderate and 78% (n=78) had severe OSA. Most of the patients belonged to overweight (52%) and obesity stage 1 (34%) groups. 10% and 2% of the patients belonged to obesity stage 2 and severe obesity groups respectively. Only 2% of the patients were healthy and none of the patients were underweight. PH was present in 24% (n=24) of cases, mild (n=10) and moderate (n=10) PH each were 10% and severe (n=4) PH was present in 4% of the cases. 100% of the patients with severe obesity had pulmonary hypertension. Most of the patients with PH belonged to Obesity grade 1 and overweight groups, whereas none of normal BMI patients had PH. Body mass index has indirect relation with pulmonary hypertension. In our study, we found that pulmonary hypertension was present only in overweight and obese patients. Whereas, none of the patients with normal BMI had pulmonary hypertension.

scholarly journals P1836 Common carotid artery intima-media thickness correlates with the epicardial fat thickness in patients with ischemic stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Serova ◽  
V Serov ◽  
A Shutov ◽  
S Serova ◽  
A Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Epicardial Fat ◽  
Epicardial Fat Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness

Abstract The relationship between epicardial fat thickness and coronary atherosclerosis is well known, but the value of the increased epicardial fat thickness in cerebrovascular diseases is still unclear. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between common carotid artery intima–media thickness (CCA-IMT), the resistance index (RI) in the vertebral and carotid arteries and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods 98 patients with ischemic stroke (31 females and 67 males, mean age was 68.2 ± 12.1 years) were studied. All patients had arterial hypertension (AH). Most of them (96.9%) had grade 3 hypertension according to ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension, 2018. Forty-two (43.1%) patients had coronary artery disease and 35 (35.4%) - atrial fibrillation (AF). The exclusion criteria was the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other diseases associated with pulmonary hypertension. Patients were categorized according to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) severity in mild NIHSS (≤8) - 54 (55.1%) patients, moderate NIHSS (9–15) - 23 (23.5%) patients, and severe stroke NIHSS (≥16) - 21 (21.4%) patients. Median NIHSS score was 11.2 ± 1.7. All patients underwent a transthoracic echocardiography and a carotid ultrasound examination. Results The common carotid artery intima–media thickness correlated with EFT (r =0.78, p &lt; 0.001), the body mass index (r = 0.7, p &lt; 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.25, p = 0.045). The resistance index in the vertebral and carotid arteries correlated only with EFT (r = 0.7, p &lt; 0.001 and r = 0.78, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and body mass index (r = 0.58, p &lt; 0.001 and r = 0.68, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). A multiple regression analysis in which the CCA-IMT was a dependent variable and age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, blood cholesterol level and epicardial fat thickness were independent variables, showed that CCA-IMT was independently correlated with blood cholesterol level (β=0.714, р&lt;0.001) and EFT (β =0.255, р=0.002) in patients with ischemic stroke. Conclusions The common carotid artery intima–media thickness and parameters of the arterial stiffness of the extracranial vessels of the head are associated with the epicardial fat thickness and blood cholesterol level in patients with ischemic stroke. The common carotid artery intima–media thickness does not depend on age, gender, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Weight Loss, Diabetes, Hypertension and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea after Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Super Morbid Obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdulmenem Abualsel ◽  
Abdulmenem Abualsel ◽  
Ashish Mhatre ◽  
Nalin Mathur ◽  
Susan Dovey
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Super Morbid Obesity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Introduction: There is currently a high prevalence of obesity in the Arabian Gulf yet relatively little research on bariatric surgery. In this study we investigate the efficacy of bariatric surgery in patients with super morbid obesity, defined as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of ≥ 50 kg/m2 . Methods: All records of bariatric surgery at a single centre were examined. Outcomes measured include Body Mass Index (BMI), percentage Excess Weight Loss (%EWL), Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA), Hypertension (HTN) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Statistical relationships between %EWL against age, type of surgery and gender were analysed. Results: 144 patients were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Mean pre-operative BMI was 56.9 ± 6.1 kg/m2 . 90 (62.5%) patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy, 24 (16.7%) had one anastomosis gastric bypass, 16 (11.1%) had biliopancreatic diversion (Scopinaro’s procedure), and 14 (9.7%) had sleeve gastrectomy with transit loop bipartition. 12 months post-operatively, mean BMI was 37.7 ± 7.5 kg/m2 , with a mean %EWL of 62.9% ± 17.9%. There was 100% OSA resolution, 95.3% HTN resolution, and 79.4% T2DM resolution. %EWL was found to decrease slightly with increased age, however no difference in %EWL was found between types of surgery or genders. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is effective and may be justified in patients with super morbid obesity, including the elderly population. However, there is a great need for larger, longitudinal studies. This would be made possible by hospitals employing more regular and systematic reporting of data, and encouragement of patients to follow up.

Upper airway morphological changes in obstructive sleep apnoea: effect of age on pharyngeal anatomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-361
Author(s):  
F Gao ◽  
Y R Li ◽  
W Xu ◽  
Y S An ◽  
H J Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Airway Morphology

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the upper airway morphology changes associated with ageing in adult Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.MethodsA total of 124 male patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea by overnight polysomnography, who underwent upper airway computed tomography, were enrolled. The linear dimensions, cross-sectional area and volume of the upper airway region and the surrounding bony frame were measured. The association between ageing and upper airway morphology was analysed.ResultsSoft palate length, minimum cross-sectional area of the retroglossal region, lateral dimensions at the minimum cross-sectional area of the retropalatal and retroglossal regions, nasopharyngeal volume, and average cross-sectional area of the nasopharyngeal region were found to significantly increase with ageing in all patients, while the upper airway shape flattened with ageing. The volume of the retropalatal region increased with ageing among the patients with a body mass index of less than 24 kg/m2. The volume of parapharyngeal fat pad increased with ageing among patients with a body mass index greater than 28 kg/m2.ConclusionA number of dimensional, cross-sectional and volumetric parameters of the pharynx increased with age, indicating that non-anatomical factors may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea in aged patients.

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