The complex morphology of a new Lower Silurian asteroid (Echinodermata)

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Blake ◽  
Frank R. Ettensohn
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
East Central ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
Complex Morphology

Gordonaster brassfieldensis is a new genus and species of Asteroidea (Echinodermata) described from the Lower Silurian Brassfield Formation of east-central Kentucky. Tentatively assigned to the poorly understood Palaeasteridae, Gordonaster shares much with Ordovician asteroids, yet it also exhibits apparent homoplasies that presage the post-Paleozoic crown group. Available specimens also indicate that the ontogenetic pattern of ossicular addition seen in the crown group was established during the Paleozoic.

scholarly journals Two new genera of Cretaceous dustywings in amber from northern Myanmar (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae)

2016 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Labial Palpus ◽  
Head Form

Two new genera and species are added to the fauna of dustywings (Coniopterygidae) preserved in Upper Cretaceous (earliest Cenomanian) amber of northern Myanmar, doubling the described diversity from this deposit.  One genus is of the subfamily Aleuropteryginae and described as Achlyoconis heptatrichia Engel, new genus and species.  This species is noteworthy for the infumate and patterned wings and unique presence of seven prominent setae positioned on thickenings occurring along the length of the forewing media.  Paranimboa litotes Engel, new genus and species, is representative of the subfamily Coniopteryginae and distinctive among Mesozoic groups for the unbranched Rs, among other traits.  In addition, a peculiar larva preserved alongside the holotype of P. litotes is described.  While having a prothoracic and head form similar to aleuropterygines as well as a labial palpus with only two palpomeres, diagnostic for Coniopterygidae, the antenna bears four articles rather than the two present in crown-group dustywings.  A revised key to the genera of Cretaceous Coniopterygidae is provided.

Fossil crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Late Cretaceous cárdenas Formation, east-central Mexico

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Vega ◽  
Rodney M. Feldmann ◽  
Francisco Sour-Tovar
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marine Lagoon ◽  
First Time

Twenty-four nearly complete carapace samples were collected at three different localities of the Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) Cárdenas Formation in San Luis Potosí, east-central Mexico. The material has been assigned to five families: the Callianassidae, Dakoticancridae, Carcineretidae, ?Majidae, and Retroplumidae. Two genera of callianassid shrimp are described, Cheramus for the first time in the fossil record. Dakoticancer australis Rathbun is reported as the most abundant crustacean element; one new genus and species of carcineretid crab, Branchiocarcinus cornatus, is erected, and a single, fragmentary specimen is questionably referred to the Majidae. The three localities reflect paleoenvironmental differences, exhibited by different lithologies, within marginal marine, lagoon environments. The record of dakoticancrid crabs in the Cardenas Formation extends the paleobiogeographic range of the family and the genus Dakoticancer. Carcineretid crabs, although not abundant, seem to have been a persistent element of crustacean assemblages in clastic environments during the Late Cretaceous of the ancestral Gulf Coast of Mexico.

A North American freshwater sponge (Eospongilla morrisonensis new genus and species) from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic), Colorado

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan P. Dunagan
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Morrison Formation ◽  
Freshwater Sponge ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
East Central ◽  
North American Freshwater ◽  
Lacustrine Carbonate

Eospongilla morrisonensis n. gen. and sp., the oldest-described freshwater sponge (Demospongea: Spongillidae), is found in the Upper Jurassic (?Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian to Tithonian) Morrison Formation, east-central Colorado, U.S.A. Eospongilla morrisonensis occurs within the well-developed lacustrine carbonate succession of the Morrison Formation, and is represented by two micritic body fossils with calcite-replaced megascleres that range in length from 180 to 300 μm and in diameter from 20 to 35 μm. Megascleres are simple oxeas and strongyles and lack apparent ornamentation, possibly due to the diagenetic replacement. The oxeas are straight but the strongyles display a slight curvature. Microscleres are absent; gemmoscleres were not observed.

Nevadoceras, a new Early Permian adrianitid (Ammonoidea) from Nevada

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamra A. Schiappa ◽  
Claude Spinosa ◽  
Walter S. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
White Pine ◽  
East Central ◽  
Basinal Facies

The Early Permian (late Sakmarian to early Artinskian) adrianitid ammonoid Nevadoceras steelei new genus and species occurs in a fauna containing the ammonoids Properrinites Elias, Prothalassoceras Böse, Daraelites Gemmellaro, Almites Toumanskaya, Bamyaniceras Termier and Termier, Akmilleria Ruzhencev, Agathiceras Gemmellaro, Metalegoceras Schindewolf, Stenolobulites Mikesh, Glenister, and Furnish, Crimites Toumanskaya, Neocrimites Ruzhencev and the conodonts Sweetognathus whitei (Rhodes) and Mesogondolella bisselli (Clark and Behnken). This fauna occurs in a concretionary interval within micritic basinal facies of the Dry Mountain trough at Portuguese Springs, White Pine County, east-central Nevada.

scholarly journals A Tiny Barbet-Like Bird From the Lower Oligocene of Germany: The Smallest Species and Earliest Substantial Fossil Record of The Pici (Woodpeckers and Allies)

The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Mayr
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Lower Oligocene ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Fossil Site

Abstract Rupelramphastoides knopfi, a new genus and species of the Pici (barbets, woodpeckers, and allies), is described from Frauenweiler, a Lower Oligocene (30–34 mya) fossil site in Germany. The disarticulated skeleton of the new species constitutes the first associated remains of a fossil member of the Pici and is the smallest known species and earliest substantial fossil record of this taxon. Despite an overall resemblance to modern Ramphastidae, R. knopfi appears to be distinguished from crown group Pici by several plesiomorphic characteristics. It is classified “family incertae sedis,” pending discovery of additional, better-preserved specimens. The fossil record and geographic occurrence of the basal lineages within the crown group are in concordance with an Old World origin of the Pici. The reasons that led to extinction of tiny Pici in Europe remain uncertain, but food competition with passeriform birds during periods of limited food availability may have played a major role. Ein winziger bartvogelähnlicher Vogel aus dem Unter-Oligozän Deutschlands: die kleinste Art und der älteste substantielle Fossilnachweis der Pici (Spechte und Verwandte)

Ciderius cooperi gen. nov., sp. nov., the earliest known euphaneropid from the Lower Silurian of Scotland

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gambit van der Brugghen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Posterior Half ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
Branchial Region

AbstractA new genus and species of euphaneropid, Ciderius cooperi, is recorded from the Lower Silurian Fish Bed Formation of the Midland Valley of Scotland on the basis of articulated material. Euphaneropids constitute an enigmatic group which is known from Devonian deposits in Scotland and Canada. The new find adds to our understanding of this group, in particular with regard to the morphology of some common anatomical elements. The paired head stains are here shown to contain clefts which can be interpreted as optic fissures, indicating that these are the remains of eyes. The anterior head stain is reconstructed and demonstrated to be a barrel-shaped object of an uncertain nature. Paired mineralisations situated in the posterior part of the cranial region appear to represent remains of the parachordals, while fossilised blood vessels might be preserved in the form of black lines which mark a greatly elongated branchial region, similar to euphaneropids. Serially repetitive rows of short horizontal stripes on the posterior half of the body are unique for the new taxo, but their interpretation is problematic.

scholarly journals Asmodochelys parhami , a new fossil marine turtle from the Campanian Demopolis Chalk and the stratigraphic congruence of competing marine turtle phylogenies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 191950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Gentry ◽  
Jun A. Ebersole ◽  
Caitlin R. Kiernan
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Marine Turtle ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Molecular Divergence ◽  
Divergence Estimates ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽  
Extinct Group ◽  
Upper Campanian

Resolving the phylogeny of sea turtles is uniquely challenging given the high potential for the unification of convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal reconstructions of marine turtle evolution subsequently inhibit efforts to establish fossil calibrations for molecular divergence estimates and prevent the accurate reconciliation of biogeographic or palaeoclimatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses. Here we describe a new genus and species of marine turtle, Asmodochelys parhami , from the Upper Campanian Demopolis Chalk of Alabama and Mississippi, USA represented by three partial shells. Phylogenetic analysis shows that A. parhami belongs to the ctenochelyids, an extinct group that shares characteristics with both pan-chelonioids and pan-cheloniids. In addition to supporting Ctenochelyidae as a sister taxon of Chelonioidea, our analysis places Protostegidae outside of the Chelonioidea crown group and recovers Allopleuron hofmanni as a stem dermochelyid. Gap excess ratio (GER) results indicate a strong stratigraphic congruence of our phylogenetic hypothesis; however, the highest GER value is associated with the phylogenetic hypothesis of marine turtles which excludes Protostegidae from the Cryptodira crown group. Ancestral range estimations derived from our phylogeny imply a European or North American origin of Chelonioidea in the middle-to-late Campanian, approximately 20 Myr earlier than current molecular divergence studies suggest.

The first early Silurian brachiopod fauna from the Iberian Peninsula

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Villas ◽  
L. R. M. Cocks
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
Conodont Fauna ◽  
Brachiopod Fauna

A Lower Silurian (Llandovery) shelly fauna is described; the first from the Iberian Peninsula. It is dated as late Llandovery (early Telychian) by Stricklandia aff. laevis and is overlain by a late Telychian conodont fauna. The fauna is from the volcaniclastic El Castro Formation, Viodo Limestone Member, north of Viodo, Asturias, northern Spain. There are seven common and five rarer brachiopods, including the new taxa Asturorthis sarreoensis new genus and species, Mendacella cantabrica new species, Katastrophomena truyolsi new species, Viodostrophia alcaldei new genus and species, Stegerhynchus juliverti new species, and Fenestrirostra? viodoensis new species.

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