Voiceless implosives in Seereer-Siin

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Mc Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Air Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Atlantic Language

This paper provides articulatory and acoustic data on voiceless implosive stops in Seereer-Siin, an Atlantic language of the Niger-Congo family spoken in Senegal. Seereer is characterized by pairs of voiced and voiceless implosive stops in three places of articulation. These pairs are phonemically contrastive in lexical items. Oral air pressure measurements from Seereer stops uphold Clements & Osu's (2002) proposal that implosives and other non-explosive stops are characterized by the absence of positive oral air pressure rather than the presence of negative oral air pressure during occlusion. Acoustic data show that voiceless implosives are characterized by a short period of silence ranging from approximately twenty to fifty milliseconds before the onset of prevoicing prior to release. These findings replicate to a certain extent those of Faye & Dijkstra (1997).

Signal Interpretation Considerations When Estimating Subglottal Pressure From Oral Air Pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1326-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Perrine ◽  
Ronald C. Scherer ◽  
Jason A. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Standard Condition ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Pressure Waveform ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Air Leak ◽  
Pressure Signal ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Subglottal Pressure

Purpose Oral air pressure measurements during lip occlusion for /pVpV/ syllable strings are used to estimate subglottal pressure during the vowel. Accuracy of this method relies on smoothly produced syllable repetitions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral air pressure waveform during the /p/ lip occlusions and propose physiological explanations for nonflat shapes. Method Ten adult participants were trained to produce the “standard condition” and were instructed to produce nonstandard tasks. Results from 8 participants are included. The standard condition required participants to produce /pːiːpːiː.../ syllables smoothly at approximately 1.5 syllables/s. The nonstandard tasks included an air leak between the lips, faster syllable repetition rates, an initial voiced consonant, and 2-syllable word productions. Results Eleven oral air pressure waveform shapes were identified during the lip occlusions, and plausible physiological explanations for each shape are provided based on the tasks in which they occurred. Training the use of the standard condition, the initial voice consonant condition, and the 2-syllable word production increased the likelihood of rectangular oral air pressure waveform shapes. Increasing the rate beyond 1.5 syllables/s improved the probability of producing rectangular oral air pressure signal shapes in some participants. Conclusions Visual and verbal feedback improved the likelihood of producing rectangular oral air pressure signal shapes. The physiological explanations of variations in the oral air pressure waveform shape may provide direction to the clinician or researcher when providing feedback to increase the accuracy of estimating subglottal pressure from oral air pressure.

The Propagation of Short Period Air Pressure Micro-Oscillations

1954 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
W. H. Roschke
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Air pressure micro-oscillations of the impulse-type (period: 10–25 seconds) as recorded by Macelwane Electromagnetic Microbarographs in a small tripartite arrangement at Florissant, Missouri (near Saint Louis) are propagated in the direction and with a speed that is of the same order of magnitude as the wind speed in the lower layers of the atmosphere but not necessarily at the surface.

Abstract P266: Hypertensive Response In Recently Covid-19 Vaccinated Patients

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIAS SANIDAS ◽  
DIMITRIOS PAPADOPOULOS ◽  
MARINA MANTZOURANI ◽  
MARIA VELLIOU ◽  
THEOCHARIS ANASTASIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Home Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Potential Side Effect ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements ◽  
Diagnosis Of Hypertension

Background: A non-immediate hypertensive response after COVID-19 vaccination has been reported. Mild to moderate elevated arterial blood pressure (BP) levels have been documented a few days after a single or two-doses vaccine. This study sought to investigate this observation as a potential side effect in patients with known hypertension and healthy controls. Methods: Overall 60 vaccinated patients between the age of 50 to 70 years old were studied. They were randomly assigned to one of the approved and available vaccines (Pfizer, Astra Zeneca or Moderna) twice within a month. Half of them were hypertensives under medical treatment and half of them were not.All participants volunteered for standard daily home blood pressure measurements (HBPM) and had also ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM) between the 1 st and the 30 th day after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Results: All patients, hypertensives or not, had at some point a recorded and substantial hypertensive response for both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure after the second dose of the vaccine. Hypertensives were older and with higher body mass index (BMI). Some of the hypertensive patients received additional medication whereas some of the non-hypertensive patients started life modification changes and systematic BP measurements for a possible diagnosis of hypertension. Conclusions: Vaccination for COVID 19 seems to be related with a short period of hypertensive response. This phenomenon was partial and mostly observed in older overweight hypertensives.

scholarly journals Variability in the density and sound-speed of coastal zooplankton and nekton

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krissy A. Forman ◽  
Joseph D. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Sound Speed ◽  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Acoustic Scattering ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Palaemonetes Pugio ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Crangon Septemspinosa ◽  
Animal Size

Abstract Forman, K. A., and Warren, J. D. 2010. Variability in the density and sound-speed of coastal zooplankton and nekton. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 10–18. Acoustic sampling techniques provide an advantage over traditional net-sampling by increasing scientist ability to survey a large area in a relatively short period, as well as providing higher-resolution data in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. To convert acoustic data into measures of biological organisms, physics-based scattering models are often used. Such models use several parameters to predict the amount of sound scattered by a fluid-like or weakly scattering animal. Two important input parameters are the density (g) and sound-speed (h) contrasts of the animal and the surrounding seawater. The density and sound-speed contrasts were measured for coastal zooplankton and nekton species including shrimps (Palaemonetes pugio and Crangon septemspinosa), fish (Fundulus majalis and Fundulus heteroclitus), and polychaetes (Nereis succinea and Glycera americana) along with multiple physiological and environmental variables. Factors such as animal size, feeding status, fecundity, gender, and maturity caused variations in g. The variations in g observed for these animals could lead to large differences (or uncertainties) in abundance estimates based on acoustic scattering models and field-collected backscatter data. It may be important to use a range of values for g and h in the acoustic scattering models used to convert acoustic data into estimates of the abundance of marine organisms.

scholarly journals FREE AIR PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS

1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J Howard ◽  
R D Jones
Keyword(s):  
Air Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Free Air
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