scholarly journals IPAtranscriptor: A Python program for narrow phonetic transcription for blind and sighted linguists

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Almut Braun
Keyword(s):  
Input Device ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Blind Individuals ◽  
Partially Sighted

IPAtranscriptor is a tool for creating narrow phonetic transcriptions. As it connects to the computer's default text-to-speech engine on demand, the program can be used not only by sighted but also by partially sighted and blind individuals. Sighted users can choose whether they prefer the mouse or the keyboard as their input device. In contrast to other programs, the full set of symbols and diacritics of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is implemented and users can produce very narrow phonetic transcriptions as they can insert up to three diacritics above and three diacritics below each IPA symbol to modify it. Furthermore, the program can facilitate the collaboration between blind and sighted phoneticians (or students of linguistics in general) since they can easily exchange their phonetic transcriptions. A conversion of the transcriptions is not necessary as all transcribers can use the same system regardless of their visual abilities. IPAtranscriptor is freely available online and is believed to be the first audio-based program for narrow phonetic transcription that can be used by blind and sighted phoneticians.

The Possibility and Challenges for Deaf-Blind Individuals to Enjoy Films in Theater

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-358
Author(s):  
Sawako Nakajima ◽  
◽  
Naoyuki Okochi ◽  
Naoko Iizumi ◽  
Motohiko Tsuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Special Aspect ◽  
Audio Equipment ◽  
Screening Session ◽  
Blind Individuals ◽  
Partially Sighted ◽  
Monitoring Devices

In recent times, the use of subtitles and audio descriptions in movies for individuals with either hearing or visual impairment and the need to develop systems to provide these have been realized. However, even the need and possibility for deaf-blind individuals to enjoy movies have not been discussed yet. This study created an environment for deaf-blind individuals to “watch” a film, and conducted a screening of feature-length films with subtitles and audio descriptions. Interviews of 26 deaf-blind individuals indicated that 56% had watched films in a theater after becoming deaf-blind and before the screening session. When watching the films, 26.9% of participants used individual monitoring devices, headphones, or other conventional video or audio equipment. Furthermore, 50% were able to use either subtitles or audio descriptions. Regardless of their impairment conditions, participants responded positively towards watching the film in the screening session. Among the deaf-blind, 42.1% of the partially sighted and deaf, blind and hard of hearing, and partially sighted and hard of hearing individuals appreciated a special aspect of the theater, i.e., “sharing an opportunity and communication with others.”

scholarly journals Phonological Process in Toddlers’’ Single-Word Production: An Explorative Study of Alveolar Sounds in English

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Shahid ◽  
Ali Furqan Syed ◽  
Syed Kamran Ali Razi ◽  
Saira Sajid ◽  
Ijaz Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Word Production ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Phonological Process ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Length Data ◽  
Sound Patterns ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Consonant Sounds

The production of phonological patterns is a very complicated process especially when alveolar consonant sounds are pronounced in International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The toddlers ageing 2-3 years as well as the language handicaps find it more complicated to cope with this sound process. The present study on toddlers aims at investigating the alveolar consonant sounds in keeping with single word production. The Iowa Test of Consonant Perception by Jason Geller was implemented to investigate sound productions in the perspective of Substitution Process proposed by Burnthal and Rankson (2004). Non-probabilistic Sample of twenty-five toddlers was given 125 words; a five-word set to every toddler to pronounce repeating at least five times at the top of his voice the articulators at length. Data was collected by means of informants’ close observations. The comparison between the pronunciation of original words and that of produced words with their phonetic transcription provided evidence of the shift in alveolar sound patterns during the phonological process by the toddlers. The results implicated that the toddlers made good use of articulators with ease and without any special training. They simplified the complicated consonant sound patterns at their own convenience. The study will be equally beneficial for speech pathologists, linguistic scholars, and keen phonology learners. 

Viability of Online Learning for Ensuring Basic Skills in Speech-Language Pathology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Krimm ◽  
Melanie C. Schuele ◽  
Cynthia Brame
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
Learning Module ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Prerequisite Courses

Students begin graduate school with a wide range of knowledge and disparate levels of skill established in undergraduate education and/or prerequisite courses. This study evaluated an online learning module for ensuring basic phonetic transcription knowledge and skill in matriculating graduate students. Students' knowledge of International Phonetic Alphabet symbols and their skill transcribing familiar and unfamiliar words improved after completing module activities, and gains maintained in the absence of module activities. Knowledge and skill discrepancies diminished between students who had previously taken a phonetics class and students who had not. Online learning may be a viable solution for ensuring foundational knowledge in speech-language pathology graduate students.

Current use of contracted and uncontracted French braille in Quebec

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-246
Author(s):  
Louise Laroche ◽  
Charles-André Labbé ◽  
Catherine Benoît ◽  
Fabien St-Pierre-Lussier ◽  
Walter Wittich
Keyword(s):  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Reading Test ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Space Saving ◽  
Blind Individuals ◽  
Uncontracted Braille ◽  
Proper Balance

In the French braille code, becoming an efficient contracted braille user requires a considerable investment in time and effort. Students must learn 1217 abbreviations to allow time- and space-saving, but practitioners are questioning whether this investment is worthwhile. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of contracted braille use by adults and their perceptions about the importance of this code. A total of 23 Quebec braille users (aged 18–40 years) completed a telephone interview with quantitative questions about the frequency of their braille use, and their use of technologies as well as qualitative items regarding their perceptions of braille now and in the future, 12 of whom completed a brief braille reading test.In all, 85% of participants used uncontracted braille for reading, 59% used contracted braille, and 95% used text-to-speech. Contracted braille was used mostly for tasks that require continuous reading (e.g. novels). All except one recognized the need to learn uncontracted braille and 78% considered contracted braille useful. In all, 11 participants indicated that they “can read faster” with contracted braille, a finding that was not replicated by our reading test, whereby reading speeds were not statistically significantly different between the two conditions . The portrait that emerges from the current use of contracted French braille in Quebec indicates that it is not often used in the life of blind individuals. However, the faith of our participants in the relevance of the contracted code is still very strong. This may be explained by the fact that braille is part of their identity. The potential increase in reading speed with contracted braille may not justify the time, effort, and cognitive resources required to learn/teach this code in French. The educational challenge remains to find the proper balance between the uses of French braille versus other technologies such as text-to-speech.

scholarly journals KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIF MASYARAKAT IBAN

LITERA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-378
Author(s):  
Dedy Ari Asfar
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
The Third ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Traditional Fishing ◽  
Spinning Top

KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIFMASYARAKAT IBANDedy Ari AsfarBalai Bahasa Provinsi Kalimantan Baratemail: [email protected] ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal dan ciri kebahasaan teksnaratif masyarakat Iban. Sumber data penelitian adalah tiga cerita Iban dari LembahSungai Rimbas, Sarawak, Malaysia, yaitu Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, danTekura’. Proses pentranskripsian teks menggunakan pencatatansecara fonetik dengansistem International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Hasil transkripsi dan terjemahan kemudiandiolah dengan komputer menggunakan program shoebox untuk menghasilkan database daninterlinear text. Hasil penlitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, kearifan lokal teknologi tangkapikan tradisional (acar, paca”, ginte”, mukat, jala, tubay, dan bubu). Kedua, kearifan lokaladat berladang dan bergotong royong (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, dangutung-ruyung). Ketiga, kearifan lokal menyabung ayam dan bermain gasing (rabuYK danpaKkT”). Keempat, teks naratif lokal ini mengandung ciri-ciri bahasa Iban secara fonologidan morfologi serta ciri-ciri puitiknya.Kata kunci: kearifan lokal, ciri bahasa, teks naratif, etnoputikaLOCAL WISDOM AND LANGUAGE FEATURESOF IBAN PEOPLE’S NARRATIVE TEXTSAbstractThis study aims to describe local wisdom and language features of Iban people’snarrative texts. The data sources were three Iban stories from Rimbas Basin, Sarawak,Malaysia, namely Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, and Tekura’. The text transcribingprocess used the phonetic transcription with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)system. The transcription and translation results were computerized using the shoeboxprogram to generate the data base and interlinear text. The results of the study are asfollows. The first is the local wisdom in the traditional fishing technology (acar, paca”,ginte”, mukat, jala, tubay, and bubu). The second is the local wisdom in the farming traditionandmutual cooperation (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, and gutungruyung).The third is the local wisdom in the cockfighting and spinning top playing (rabuYKand paKkT”). The fourth is that the local narrative texts phonologically and morphologicallycontain the Iban language features and their poetic characteristics.Keywords: local wisdom, language features, narrative texts, ethnopoetics

scholarly journals Sintesis Suara Bernyanyi Dengan Teknologi Text-To-Speech untuk Notasi Musik Angka dan Lirik Lagu Berbahasa Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jonathan Jonathan ◽  
Yohanes Suyanto
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Singing Voice ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Speech Technology ◽  
Musical Notation ◽  
It Capability ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
User Friendly

Singing is a work of art that can not be separated from human life. It then makes a research about develop the art of singing by technology will brings a useful impact for such a wide aspect of human life. This research is trying to synthesize singing voice with TTS (text-to-speech) technology, as it capability to produce sound with certain pronunciation at certain frequency of sound. Inputs that used in the system are texts of song in TXT format that contain the information of numbered musical notation and lyrics in Indonesian. These inputs will converted to a phonetic transcription, for then synthesize of song voice can done based on the transcription. In general, the system made successfully synthesize song voices with some feature that based on the convention of numbered musical notation. Based on 30 people of respondents, the song voice synthesized has 81.71% of accuracy with 6.24% of deviation standard. The syntax of song text also reputed as a user-friendly convention with only up to 3 times re-compilation done to synthesize 8 bar of song text by each of respondents without any error.

scholarly journals Phonetics Transcription in English Language Teaching (ELT): Implications for English Language Teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Teddy Fiktorius
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Literacy Instruction ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Library Research ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Descriptive Method

This paper is written through descriptive method or library research to discuss the use of phonetic transcription in the teaching of English as a foreign language (EFL) using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The first part describes the theoretical framework of the transcription basics. Then, the next part discusses the advantages of the phonetic transcription. This is followed by an illustration of understanding basic speech sounds. Some ideas of preparing classroom materials using the IPA are addressed in the next section. Finally, some solutions as well as recommendations are proposed and justification of the researcher’s position toward the use of phonics as an EFL literacy instruction in ELT is presented.Keywordsphonetic transcriptionInternational Phonetic AlphabetEFL literacy instruction

scholarly journals From image to text to speech: the effects of speech prosody on information sequencing in audio description

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Hirvonen ◽  
Mari Wiklund
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
High Pitch ◽  
Speech Prosody ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Pitch Level ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Partially Sighted

Abstract Given the extensive body of research in audio description – the verbal-vocal description of visual or audiovisual content for visually impaired audiences – it is striking how little attention has been paid thus far to the spoken dimension of audio description and its para-linguistic, prosodic aspects. This article complements the previous research into how audio description speech is received by the partially sighted audiences by analyzing how it is performed vocally. We study the audio description of pictorial art, and one aspect of prosody is examined in detail: pitch, and the segmentation of information in relation to it. We analyze this relation in a corpus of audio described pictorial art in Finnish by combining phonetic measurements of the pitch with discourse analysis of the information segmentation. Previous studies have already shown that a sentence-initial high pitch acts as a discourse-structuring device in interpreting. Our study shows that the same applies to audio description. In addition, our study suggests that there is a relationship between the scale in the rise of pitch and the scale of the topical transition. That is, when the topical transition is clear, the rise of pitch level between the beginnings of two consecutive spoken sentences is large. Analogically, when the topical transition is small, the change of the sentence-initial pitch level is also rather small.

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