scholarly journals The Persian Fallow Deer

Oryx ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert J. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica ◽  
In Captivity

Discovered less than a hundred years ago, the Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica is in serious danger of becoming extinct. Mr. Pepper describes this large deer and the little that is known of its history, and urges the need for establishing a captive herd based on the two females in a German zoo, the only ones in captivity.

Some Remarks on Deer (Cervidae) in Ancient Egypt

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
Patrick F. Houlihan
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica ◽  
In The Wild

The evidence for deer (Cervidae) in ancient Egypt is reviewed briefly. The question of whether deer ever existed in the wild as an element of the Egyptian fauna, or were only known from rare exotic imports, cannot be conclusively answered yet. It is quite likely, however, based upon the records of the Egyptians themselves, that deer were native, whether naturally occurring or introduced. While the identification of the species depicted as the Persian Fallow Deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) is probably correct, the Barbary Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) remains a possibility.

Reintroducing the Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica in Israel - a chronology

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Saltz ◽  
S. Bar David ◽  
R. Zidon ◽  
A. Dolev ◽  
A. Perelberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica

The Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) reintroduction project of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority is based on a permanent breeding core (Hai-Bar Carmel) established in Israel in 1976 from 2 males and 5 females, before the formulation of the guidelines for reinstruction by the IUCN, with no strategic long-term planning, and little consideration of conservation principles and monetary consequences. By the mid 1990s the breeding core had nearly 50 adult females and it became evident that a reintroduction program should be prepared. The existence of a permanent breeding core offered flexibility in protocol and the possibility of a long-term approach based on multiple releases. Using a maximum sustained yield approach, IUCN criteria, and simulations of population performance we formulated a release strategy and a time frame for the project, based on repeated releases carried out sequentially in three reserves in northern Israel with good corridors connecting them. The project began with releases in the Kziv reserve with continuous post-release monitoring and an adaptive management approach. Reproductive success was dampened during the initial years after release, but increased to expected levels thereafter. Survival was higher than expected. Animals from later releases used formerly released animals as cue and established a home range faster. Annual home-range dynamics and social structure were comparable to other similar deer species. The deer transported viable seeds of many species by ingestion (endozoochory) and thinned the forest canopy allowing for better understory growth. Simulations based on empirical data indicated that pre-project demographic simulation offered reliable projections. A growth model incorporating the empirical data on dynamics, habitat preferences, and social structure during the first 2.5 years enabled the construction of a spatially realistic individual-based population model that reliably projected the numerical and spatial growth of the population over a 5-year period. This model was then used to assess future risks due to human sprawl. Due to agricultural damage, the project was forced in 2003 to select a new less favourable site in the Judean hills (central Israel) with no habitat linkage to the former location. Release in this area was based on individuals from the Hai Bar Carmel and from a second breeding core established in the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo. The less favourable site and behavioural problems of the zoo animals hampered the success of the reintroduction. In 2010 the northern region of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority approved a second release site in the Galilee. Using the spatially realistic model described above we reassessed the multiple-site approach, considering options of releases in 1–10 sites carried out in parallel or sequentially. These simulations indicated that the best results, in terms of numerical growth and spatial expansion, would be obtained by repeated releases in two sites carried out sequentially. Computer simulations combined with a permanent breeding core enabled robust planning and an adaptive management approach. Post-release monitoring provided important data for assessing reintroduction procedures and for future management of the species. This reintroduction has greatly enhanced the survival prospects of the Persian fallow deer, and their reintroduction has reestablished important ecosystem processes.

Immobilization of captive Persian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) using medetomidine–ketamine or medetomidine–midazolam

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-666
Author(s):  
Nili Avni-Magen ◽  
Barak Zafrir ◽  
Roni King ◽  
Tali Bdolah-Abram ◽  
Yael Shilo-Benjamini
Keyword(s):  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica

scholarly journals Evaluation of bone marrow in female fallow deer kept in captivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 544-548
Author(s):  
Anna Snarska ◽  
Andrzej Pomianowski ◽  
Przemysław Sobiech ◽  
Sławomir Gonkowski ◽  
Marcin Lew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Biopsy Needle ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Morphological Differences

Proper processes of hematopoiesis have a major impact on the results of blood morphological analyses in healthy animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone marrow smears of female fallow deer kept in captivity and comparing them to morphological analysis of peripheral blood. To achieve the aim of this study bone marrow was collected from 10 nonpregnant, 2-year-old female fallow deer. Smears stained by the May-Grünwald Giemsa method were analyzed. Bone marrow samples were collected using a biopsy needle from the 3rd – 4th rib in the sternal region into test tubes without coagulant. Whole blood for hematological analysis was sampled from the external jugular vein into 2 ml test tubes containing K2EDTA. The results of the research indicate significant morphological differences of white blood cells line and red blood cells line of fallow deer in comparison to other ruminants. Proerythroblasts of fallow deer appear to have a higher number of nuclei that stain more clearly in the MGG method. In red the blood cells line a high percentage of polychromatic erythroblasts (17.2%) and basophilic erythroblasts (8.19%) was noted. In granulocyte line only 0.97% of myeloblasts was observed in bone marrow smears. The percentage of segmented and band granulocytes was determined at 6.86% and 2.27% consequently. In the lymphoblastic line of fallow deer a low percentage of plazmocytes was observed (1.16%). In the platelets line the percentage of megakaryoblasts (5.85%) was lower than megakaryocytes (7.9%). This report is the first study concerning hematopoiesis in female fallow deer.

Haematology of Persian Fallow Deer (Dama mesopotamica)

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohri ◽  
M. R. Aslani ◽  
N. Shahbazian
Keyword(s):  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica

scholarly journals Bovine tuberculosis in safari park in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane A.R. Lima ◽  
Rudielle A. Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo N. Etges ◽  
Flábio R. Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
The State ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Cervus Unicolor

ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, affecting domestic animals, wild animals and humans. In captivity, for wild animals, bTB represents a risk to animal keepers and zoo visitors, in addition to the possibility of spreading the infection to domestic animals or through the trade of infected wild animals. Sambar (Cervus unicolor), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) from a safari park in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, showed a clinical condition of dyspnea and weight loss. Some animals died and showed lesions suggestive of tuberculosis (LST), which were confirmed by histopathology. After the interdiction of the safari park by the state veterinary authorities, 281 deer were euthanized with the authorization of the “Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis” (IBAMA). Retropharyngeal and submandibular lymph nodes and viscera were collected from 21 animals, which were grown in Stonebrink medium for up to 90 days. After DNA extraction from the bacterial colonies, PCR was performed for targets flanking the region of differentiation 4 (RD4). Of the 21 samples, 14 (66.7%) presented LST with a granulomatous appearance, a whitish coloration, and caseous or calcified consistency, and seven samples (33.3%), showed no lesions. In the culture of 14 samples with LST, 13 (92.8%) presented bacterial growth compatible with M. bovis. In the cultivation of the seven samples without LST, four (57.1%) presented colonies compatible with M. bovis. PCR and DNA sequencing of the PCR amplicons detected as positive all the 17 (100%) bacteriological cultures suggestive of M. bovis, thus confirming the outbreak of bTB in deer. Decisions about positive tested and suspicious animals should be taken based on the evaluation of the risk of transmission to the rest of the zoological animals, animal welfare, conservation considerations and, the zoonotic potential of this pathogen.

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