scholarly journals Diet and habitat associations of bush dogs Speothos venaticus in the Interior Atlantic Forest of eastern Paraguay

Oryx ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Zuercher ◽  
Philip S. Gipson ◽  
Osvaldo Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Bush Dog ◽  
Grassland Habitats ◽  
Speothos Venaticus

The diet and habitat associations of bush dogs Speothos venaticus, categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, are virtually unknown in the wild. In eastern Paraguay, bush dogs occur in the Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú. The Reserve contains one of the largest remaining fragments of the Interior Atlantic Forest in Paraguay as well as cerrado and grassland habitats. We analysed bush dog faeces to determine their diet. Bush dogs in the Reserve mostly ate vertebrates. Although small mammals (marsupials and rodents) were the most numerically dominant foods, agoutis Dasyprocta azarae and pacas Cuniculus paca represented 90.5% of biomass consumed. Cecropia fruit was also present in the diet. This is the first documentation of fruit consumption by bush dogs. Signs of bush dogs were detected in all habitats, with the greatest proportion in high forest.

scholarly journals The small mammals of the highly impacted North-eastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Pernambuco Endemism Center

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Asfora ◽  
Antonio Rossano Mendes Pontes
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Abundance Indices ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Marsupial Species

The Atlantic forest of Brazil is nowadays reduced to less than 8% of its total original area and yet many species remain to be described. The Atlantic Forest north to the São Francisco river - The Pernambuco Endemism Center (CEPE) - has less than 2% of its original forest cover and yet the knowledge on small mammals is scarce. Aiming to assess the small mammal community of this region surveys were carried out in 12 forest fragments of different sizes in distinct geographic areas of the CEPE. The capture-mark-recapture technique was used with live-traps set along linear transects. We recorded 15 species, two of which are in the IUCN Red List, but not in the Brazilian List of Threatened Species. The highest richness and abundance indices were recorded in medium-sized fragments and in the rainy season. More marsupial species were recorded compared to rodents. Our results suggest that fragmentation caused the extinction of those most specialized species, currently remaining only those most tolerant to fragmentation and urbanization. It is recommended that urgent measures should be taken to reconnect and restore these fragments to allow recolonization and reestablishment of the gene flow among the populations.

scholarly journals Assessing the Species in the CARES Preservation Program and the Role of Aquarium Hobbyists in Freshwater Fish Conservation

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Jose W. Valdez ◽  
Kapil Mandrekar
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Red List ◽  
Priority List ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Conservation Organizations

Freshwater fish represent half of all fish species and are the most threatened vertebrate group. Given their considerable passion and knowledge, aquarium hobbyists can play a vital role in their conservation. CARES is made up of many organizations, whose purpose is to encourage aquarium hobbyists to devote tank space to the most endangered and overlooked freshwater fish to ensure their survival. We found the CARES priority list contains nearly six hundred species from twenty families and two dozen extinct-in-the-wild species. The major families were typically those with the largest hobbyist affiliations such as killifish, livebearers, and cichlids, the latter containing half of CARES species. CARES included every IUCN threatened species of Pseudomugilidae and Valenciidae, but only one percent of threatened Characidae, Cobitidae, and Gobiidae species. No Loricariidae in CARES were in the IUCN red list as they have not been scientifically described. Tanzania and Mexico contained the largest amount of species, with the latter containing the most endemics. Many species were classified differently than the IUCN, including a third of extinct-in-the-wild species classified as least concern by the IUCN. This vast disconnect exemplifies the importance of future collaboration and information exchange required between hobbyists, the scientific community, and conservation organizations.

scholarly journals The changing fates of the world's mammals

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1578) ◽  
pp. 2598-2610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hoffmann ◽  
Jerrold L. Belant ◽  
Janice S. Chanson ◽  
Neil A. Cox ◽  
John Lamoreux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
International Union ◽  
The Status ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
In The Wild

A recent complete assessment of the conservation status of 5487 mammal species demonstrated that at least one-fifth are at risk of extinction in the wild. We retrospectively identified genuine changes in extinction risk for mammals between 1996 and 2008 to calculate changes in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List Index (RLI). Species-level trends in the conservation status of mammalian diversity reveal that extinction risk in large-bodied species is increasing, and that the rate of deterioration has been most accelerated in the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. Expanding agriculture and hunting have been the main drivers of increased extinction risk in mammals. Site-based protection and management, legislation, and captive-breeding and reintroduction programmes have led to improvements in 24 species. We contextualize these changes, and explain why both deteriorations and improvements may be under-reported. Although this study highlights where conservation actions are leading to improvements, it fails to account for instances where conservation has prevented further deteriorations in the status of the world's mammals. The continued utility of the RLI is dependent on sustained investment to ensure repeated assessments of mammals over time and to facilitate future calculations of the RLI and measurement against global targets.

A new species of Hypericum (Hypericaceae) from Southern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 192 (4) ◽  
pp. 290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleusa Vogel Ely ◽  
Ilsi Iob Boldrini ◽  
Sérgio Augusto de Loreto Bordignon
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Forest Biome

In this article we describe and illustrate Hypericum austrobrasiliense, a new species endemic to the grasslands of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome and restricted to Southern Brazil. This distinctive species is classified as Endangered based on IUCN Red List criteria.

scholarly journals Urban biodiversity: an insight into the terrestrial vertebrate diversity of Guwahati, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 12299-12316
Author(s):  
Jayaditya Purkayastha
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Urban Biodiversity ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Insight Into

This study focuses on the assessment of the terrestrial vertebrate diversity of Guwahati.  Twenty-six species of amphibians, 57 species of reptiles, 214 species of birds, and 36 species of mammals were recorded during the study period.  Thirty-three species were found to be threatened with extinction and another 62 species need evaluation.  A single species of turtle was found to be categorized as Extinct in the Wild under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 

Cololobus ruschianus (Vernonieae, Asteraceae), a Threatened Narrow Endemic Species from Atlantic Forest Inselbergs, Espírito Santo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1114-1120
Author(s):  
Marcelo Monge ◽  
André Paviotti Fontana ◽  
Claudio Nicoletti de Fraga ◽  
Ludovic Jean Charles Kollmann ◽  
Jimi Naoki Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Narrow Endemic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
A New Species

Abstract— The Atlantic Forest is the most species rich vegetation in Brazil and holds several phytophysiognomies, including the vegetation on inselbergs, which is a very stressful xeric environment that selects for very specialized biota. Cololobus is an endemic genus from Atlantic Forest inselbergs of eastern Brazil, and Cololobus ruschianus is a new species based on morphological evidence, differing from other species of the genus by its morphological traits in petioles, subinvolucral bracts, and outer involucral bracts. Cololobus ruschianus occurs in Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo State, Brazil and would likely be considered Critically Endangered (CR), based on the criteria of the IUCN red list.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in small nonvolant mammal (Cricetidae and Didelphidae) microhabitat associations in the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-681
Author(s):  
Robert Owen
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Interannual Variation ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest ◽  
Small Mammal Species

Many questions concerning habitat preferences of Neotropical small mammals remain unanswered. These questions include where the animal lives within and among the available habitats, and the temporal (seasonal and interannual) variation in the habitat associations. The objectives of this research were: (1) to determine the associations of non-volant small mammal species (Rodentia and Didelphimorphia) with specific microhabitat characteristics including vegetation structure in an area near the western boundary of the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest, and (2) to evaluate seasonal and interannual variation in those associations. Three grids were sampled in three seasons (Dry, Wet, Variable) during two years (2015-2017). The four predominant small mammal species (Gracilinanus agilis, Akodon montensis, Hylaeamys megacephalus, and Oligoryzomys nigripes) were evaluated for seasonal and interannual variation in habitat preferences. Each of the four exhibited seasonal and/or interannual variation in microhabitat preferences for three to six of the 17 environmental variables analyzed. This is the first study to explicitly evaluate temporal variation in habitat associations of small mammals in the Atlantic Forest ecoregion. The temporal patterns of habitat association among these four predominant species reveal a complex spatially and temporally dynamic composition and structure in this small mammal community.

scholarly journals Conservation status and recovery of Podocarpus angustifolius: a threatened tree of Cuba

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ernesto Testé ◽  
Majela Hernández ◽  
Eldis R. Bécquer ◽  
Oliver Valle ◽  
Luis R. González-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Red List ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract The recovery of species’ populations is one of the most challenging tasks in conservation, which is why species recovery is most likely to be successful if it involves as many stakeholders as possible. Podocarpus angustifolius, a tree endemic to Cuba, is potentially threatened by overexploitation, deforestation and expansion of exotic species. In December of 2017, in two protected areas containing the only known subpopulations of this species, we recorded the geographical position, height, and diameter at breast height of each individual, and calculated the extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO). We recorded a total of 575 individuals, 174 of which were adult (defined as ≥ 6 m height on the basis of the occurrence of reproductive structures), and most of which occurred in Lomas de Banao Ecological Reserve. The EOO and AOO were 125.8 km2 and 6.0 km2, respectively. All P. angustifolius that remain in the wild are within two protected areas, either in rainforest relicts or in coffee plantations. The size structure indicates a growing population. Based on our findings we recommend that P. angustifolius should be recategorized from Vulnerable (on the IUCN Red List) and Critically Endangered (on the national Red List) to Endangered, based on criterion D (small population size). We recommend the continued reinforcement of the population at Topes de Collantes Natural Protected Landscape and the continued engagement of local stakeholders for the long-term conservation of this species.

scholarly journals Dramatis personae: an introduction to the wild musteloids

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Macdonald ◽  
Lauren A. Harrington ◽  
Chris Newman
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Size Population ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

The musteloids comprise over 90 species (belonging to four families – the Mustelidae, Mephitidae, Procyonidae and Ailuridae) in a diversity of forms, that are distributed worldwide, across several climatic zones and in a number of habitat types (terrestrial and aquatic). This first chapter gives a brief overview of the biogeography and ecology of musteloids, their assemblages and communities, their conservation status, and the anthropogenic threats that they face, and then provides a short account of each of the musteloid species describing their geographic range, habitat associations, diet, home range size, population densities, and conservation issues. Each species vignette is accompanied by a range map reproduced from the 2016 IUCN Red list of Threatened Species, and body size data taken from the literature.

scholarly journals Records of the bush dog Speothos venaticus in a continuous remnant of coastal Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil

Oryx ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Fusco-Costa ◽  
Bianca Ingberman
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
New Records ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
Important Region ◽  
Bush Dog ◽  
Speothos Venaticus

AbstractThe bush dog Speothos venaticus, a rarely seen Neotropical canid categorized as Near Threatened globally, is categorized as Vulnerable in Brazil. In the Atlantic Forest occurrence data of this species are extremely rare. Here we document new records of the bush dog in four reserves in a large remnant of continuous coastal Atlantic Forest in Paraná state, southern Brazil. From a total of 4,112 trap days in two camera-trap surveys in 2009 and 2011 we obtained one opportunistic sighting and three independent photographic records of the bush dog. Additionally, park guards reported previous sightings (>4 years earlier) in three of these reserves, including the reserve where we did not record the species. Our results indicate that the remnant coastal Atlantic Forest of Paraná state is an important region for the conservation of the bush dog in southern Brazil. Given the rarity of this species in its natural habitat we suggest that conservation efforts in this region should focus on minimizing the potential threats (prey depletion from poaching and disease transmission from domestic dog) to the species.

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