scholarly journals Density of the Vulnerable Sunda clouded leopard Neofelis diardi in a protected area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo

Oryx ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jedediah Brodie ◽  
Anthony J. Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Entire Study Area ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

AbstractPopulation density is an important parameter for monitoring and guiding conservation of small or threatened wildlife populations. Yet, despite the Vulnerable status of both species of clouded leopard Neofelis spp., and their disappearing tropical forest habitat, information on their population density is lacking from across their broad geographic ranges. Here we estimated population density of the Sunda clouded leopard N. diardi in the Maliau Basin Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, one of the first such estimates for either species of clouded leopard. With 25 camera-trap stations, each operated for at least 81 trap-nights, we obtained 59 detections of four individual Sunda clouded leopards in undisturbed primary rainforest but only a single detection in logged forest, despite similar sampling effort. Using spatially-explicit mark–recapture models, we estimated a density of 1.9 individuals per 100 km2 (95% confidence interval 0.7–5.4) for primary forest and 0.8 per 100 km2 (0.2–2.6) for the entire study area (including logged forest). These results will contribute to a better understanding of clouded leopard status and serve as a reference for future assessments of the species.

The first description of population density and habitat use of the mainland clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa within a logged-primary forest in South East Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shariff Wan Mohamad ◽  
D. Mark Rayan ◽  
Wong Chai Thiam Christopher ◽  
Muhamad Hamirul ◽  
Azlan Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Neofelis Nebulosa

scholarly journals Counting Sunda clouded leopards with confidence: incorporating individual heterogeneity in density estimates

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azlan Mohamed ◽  
Rahel Sollmann ◽  
Seth Timothy Wong ◽  
Jürgen Niedballa ◽  
Jesse F. Abrams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Individual Heterogeneity ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Forest Reserves

AbstractEven with intensive sampling effort, data often remain sparse when estimating population density of elusive species such as the Sunda clouded leopard Neofelis diardi. An inadequate number of recaptures can make it difficult to account for heterogeneity in detection parameters. We used data from large-scale camera-trapping surveys in three forest reserves in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, to (1) examine whether a high-density camera-trap network increases the number of recaptures for females, which tend to be more difficult to detect, thus improving the accuracy of density estimates; (2) compare density estimates from models incorporating individual heterogeneity in detection parameters with estimates from the null model to evaluate its potential bias; and (3) investigate how the size of the camera-trap grid affects density and movement estimates. We found that individual heterogeneity could not be incorporated in the single-site data analysis and only conservative null model estimates could be generated. However, aggregating data across study sites enabled us to account for individual heterogeneity and we estimated densities of 1.27–2.82 individuals/100 km2, 2–3 times higher than estimates from null models. In light of these findings, it is possible that earlier studies underestimated population density. Similar densities found in well-managed forest and recently selectively logged forest suggest that Sunda clouded leopards are relatively resilient to forest disturbances. Our analysis also revealed that camera-trapping grids for Sunda clouded leopard density estimations should cover large areas (c. 250 km2), although smaller grids could be appropriate if density or detectability are higher.

scholarly journals Responses of Sunda clouded leopard Neofelis diardi population density to anthropogenic disturbance: refining estimates of its conservation status in Sabah

Oryx ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Hearn ◽  
Joanna Ross ◽  
Henry Bernard ◽  
Soffian A. Bakar ◽  
Benoit Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Population Density Estimate ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

AbstractExtensive areas of tropical forests have been, and continue to be, disturbed as a result of selective timber extraction. Although such anthropogenic disturbance typically results in the loss of biodiversity, many species persist, and their conservation in production landscapes could be enhanced by a greater understanding of how biodiversity responds to forest management practices. We conducted intensive camera-trap surveys of eight protected forest areas in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, and developed estimates of Sunda clouded leopard Neofelis diardi population density from spatially explicit capture–recapture analyses of detection data to investigate how the species’ abundance varies across the landscape and in response to anthropogenic disturbance. Estimates of population density from six forest areas were 1.39–3.10 individuals per 100 km2. Our study provides the first evidence that the population density of the Sunda clouded leopard is negatively affected by hunting pressure and forest fragmentation, and that among selectively logged forests, time since logging is positively associated with abundance. We argue that these negative anthropogenic impacts could be mitigated with improved logging practices, such as reducing the access of poachers by effective gating and destruction of road access points, and by the deployment of anti-poaching patrols. By calculating a weighted mean population density estimate from estimates developed here and from the literature, and by extrapolating this value to an estimate of current available habitat, we estimate there are 754 (95% posterior interval 325–1,337) Sunda clouded leopards in Sabah.

scholarly journals Conservation area networks for the Indian region: Systematic methods and future prospects

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahotra Sarkar ◽  
Michael Mayfield ◽  
Susan Cameron ◽  
Trevon Fuller ◽  
Justin Garson
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Eastern Himalayas ◽  
Entire Study Area

We present a framework for systematic conservation planning for biodiversity with an emphasis on the Indian context. We illustrate the use of this framework by analyzing two data sets consisting of environmental and physical features that serve as surrogates for biodiversity. The aim was to select networks of potential conservation areas (such as reserves and national parks) which include representative fractions of these environmental features or surrogates. The first data set includes the entire subcontinent while the second is limited to the Eastern Himalayas. The environmental surrogates used for the two analyses result in the selection of conservation area networks with different properties. Tentative results indicate that these surrogates are successful in selecting most areas known from fieldwork to have high biodiversity content such as the broadleaf and subalpine conifer forests of the Eastern Himalayas. However, the place-prioritization algorithm also selected areas not known to be high in biodiversity content such as the coast of the Arabian Sea. Areas selected to satisfy a 10% target of representation for the complete surrogate set provide representation for 46.03% of the ecoregions in the entire study area. The algorithm selected a disproportionately small number of cells in the Western Ghats, a hotspot of vascular plant endemism. At the same target level, restricted surrogate sets represent 33.33% of the ecoregions in the entire study area and 46.67% of the ecoregions in the Eastern Himalayas. Finally, any more sophisticated use of such systematic methods will require the assembly of Geographical Information Systems (GIS)-based biogeographical data sets on a regional scale. Key words: Indian biodiversity, Eastern Himalayas, complementarity, area prioritization, reserve selection, surrogacy Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.4(6) 2007 p.27-40

scholarly journals Opportunistic behaviour or desperate measure? Logging impacts may only partially explain terrestriality in the Bornean orang-utan Pongo pygmaeus morio

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Loken ◽  
Chandradewana Boer ◽  
Nunuk Kasyanto
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Pongo Pygmaeus ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Orang Utan

AbstractThere is a lack of information on how the Endangered Bornean orang-utan Pongo pygmaeus morio moves through its environment. Here we report on a camera-trapping study carried out over 2.5 years to investigate the orang-utan's terrestrial behaviour in Wehea Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We set 41 camera trap stations in an area of secondary forest, 36 in recently logged forest immediately adjacent to Wehea Forest, and 20 in an area of primary forest in the heart of Wehea Forest. A combined sampling effort of 28,485 trap nights yielded 296 independent captures of orang-utans. Of the three study sites, orang-utans were most terrestrial in recently logged forest, which may be only partially explained by breaks in the canopy as a result of logging activity. However, orang-utans were also terrestrial in primary forest, where there was a closed canopy and ample opportunity for moving through the trees. Our results indicate that orang-utans may be more terrestrial than previously thought and demonstrate opportunistic behaviour when moving through their environment, including using newly constructed logging roads for locomotion, possibly indicating some degree of resilience to human disturbance. This finding is important because of the potential role of sustainably logged forests for orang-utan conservation.

scholarly journals Managing threatened ungulates in logged-primary forest mosaics in Malaysia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243932
Author(s):  
Mark Rayan D. ◽  
Matthew Linkie
Keyword(s):  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Lower Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Timber Plantations ◽  
Species Specific

Across the tropics, large-bodied mammals have been affected by selective logging in ways that vary with levels of timber extraction, collateral damage, species-specific traits and secondary effects of hunting, as facilitated by improved access through logging roads. In Peninsular Malaysia, 3.0 million hectares or 61 percent of its Permanent Reserved Forests is officially assigned for commercial selective logging. Understanding how wildlife adapts and uses logged forest is critical for its management and, for threatened species, their conservation. In this study, we quantify the population status of four tropical ungulate species in a large selectively logged forest reserve and an adjacent primary forest protected area. We then conduct finer scale analyses to identify the species-specific factors that determine their occurrence. A combined indirect sign-camera trapping approach with a large sampling effort (2,665 km and 27,780 trap nights surveyed) covering a wide area (560 km2) generated species-specific detection probabilities and site occupancies. Populations of wild boar were widespread across both logged and primary forests, whereas sambar and muntjac occupancy was lower in logged forest (48.4% and 19.2% respectively), with gaur showing no significant difference. Subsequent modelling revealed the importance of conserving lower elevation habitat in both habitat types, particularly <1,000 m asl, for which occupancies of sambar, muntjac and gaur were typically higher. This finding is important because 75 percent (~13,400 km2) of Peninsular Malaysia’s Main Range Forest (Banjaran Titiwangsa) is under 1,000 m asl and therefore at risk of being converted to industrial timber plantations, which calls for renewed thinking around forest management planning.

Zwischenevaluation des Wald-Wild-Management-Instruments (WWMI) im Pilotprogramm effor2 «Wald und Wild» | Preliminary evaluation of the Game-Forest-Management-Tool (GFMT) in the effor2 pilot programme «Game and Forest»

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Eyholzer ◽  
Martin Baumann ◽  
Rolf Manser
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Optimal Contract ◽  
Technical Tool ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Pilot Programme ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
Entire Study Area

Faced with the challenging task of balancing forest interests and wildlife, the Swiss Forest Agency initiated the pilot programme«Game and Forest», which is committed to a philosophy of goal-oriented management practice and a redesign of forestry subsidizing. Within this programme the diverse goals of forestry and hunting have been amalgamated to a superimposed goal and set out in a corresponding contract. The Game-Forest-Management-Tool (GFMT) has been divised to simulate the effect of various strategies to deal with the complex problems of forest-wildlife. Optimal contract-fulfilling procedures can be simulated on a PC using this technical tool. The efficiency of the measures suggested by simulations that were carried out are being tested in a study area within the pilot programme, «Game and Forest». Half way through this trial, after two years, we can say that there has been no significant increase of non-browsed areas. In 2004, after the collection of data for the entire study area, we will be able to tell whether applying this computer simulated strategy truly leads to an augmentation of non-browsed area and a decrease in bark-peeled forests in the pilot area.

scholarly journals Night-Time Light Remote Sensing Mapping: Construction and Analysis of Ethnic Minority Development Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Lu Song ◽  
Zhiyan Peng ◽  
Jianqin Yang ◽  
Guize Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Remote Sensing Mapping ◽  
Entire Study Area

Using toponym data, population data, and night-time light data, we visualized the development index of the Yi, Wa, Zhuang, Naxi, Hani, and Dai ethnic groups on ArcGIS as well as the distribution of 25 ethnic minorities in the study area. First, we extracted the toponym data of 25 ethnic minorities in the study area, combined with night-time light data and the population proportion data of each ethnic group, then we obtained the development index of each ethnic group in the study area. We compared the development indexes of the Yi, Wa, Zhuang, Naxi, Hani, and Dai ethnic groups with higher development indexes. The results show that the Yi nationality’s development index was the highest, reaching 28.86 (with two decimal places), and the Dai nationality’s development index was the lowest (15.22). The areas with the highest minority development index were concentrated in the core area of the minority development, and the size varied with the minority’s distance. According to the distribution of ethnic minorities, we found that the Yi ethnic group was distributed in almost the entire study area, while other ethnic minorities had obvious geographical distribution characteristics, and there were multiple ethnic minorities living together. This research is of great significance to the cultural protection of ethnic minorities, the development of ethnic minorities, and the remote sensing mapping of lights at night.

scholarly journals Monitoring and simulating the distribution of phytoplankton in constructed wetlands based on SPOT 6 images

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 454-468
Author(s):  
Yumeng Song ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Band Ratio ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Entire Study Area ◽  
Range Of Values

Abstract We integrated hyperspectral and field-measured chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) data from the Kristalbad constructed wetland in the Netherlands. We developed a best-fit band ratio empirical algorithm to generate a distribution map of Chl-a concentration (C chla) from SPOT 6 imagery. The C chla retrieved from remote sensing was compared with a water quality model established for a wetland pond system. The retrieved satellite results were combined with a water quality model to simulate and predict the changes in phytoplankton levels. The regression model provides good retrievals for Chl-a. The imagery-derived C chla performed well in calibrating the simulation results. For each pond, the modeled C chla showed a range of values similar to the Chl-a data derived from SPOT 6 imagery (10–25 mg m−3). The imagery-derived and prediction model results could be used as the guiding analytical tools to provide information covering an entire study area and to inform policies.

scholarly journals The freshwater crabs of Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, East Malaysia, with a description of a new species of Thelphusula Bott, 1969 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Gecarcinucidae, Potamidae, Sesarmidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 89-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. L. Ng ◽  
Paul Y. C. Ng
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
New Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Freshwater Crabs ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

Seven species of freshwater crabs from three families are recorded from and around the Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo: Thelphusulacapillodigitus sp. n., Thelphusuladicerophilus Ng &amp; Stuebing, 1990, Arachnothelphusaterrapes Ng, 1991, Terrathelphusasecula Ng &amp; Tan, 2015, Parathelphusavalida Ng &amp; Goh, 1987 (new record) (Gecarcinucidae); Isolapotamoningeri Ng &amp; Tan, 1998 (Potamidae); and Geosesarmadanumense Ng, 2002 (Sesarmidae). The new species of Thelphusula Bott, 1979, can be distinguished from all congeners by a unique combination of morphological features, most notably the presence of dense patches of short setae on the fingers of the adult male chelipeds, as well as the structure of the male first gonopod. Arachnothelphusaterrapes is confirmed to be a phytotelm species. A key to all species in the conservation area is provided.

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