The antifungal activity of the cuticular and internal fatty acid methyl esters and alcohols in Calliphora vomitoria

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (8) ◽  
pp. 972-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAREK GOŁĘBIOWSKI ◽  
MAGDALENA CERKOWNIAK ◽  
MAŁGORZATA DAWGUL ◽  
WOJCIECH KAMYSZ ◽  
MIECZYSŁAWA I. BOGUŚ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Cuticular Lipids ◽  
Carbon Chains ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARYThe composition of the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and alcohol fractions of the cuticular and internal lipids of Calliphora vomitoria larvae, pupae and male/female adults was obtained by separating these two fractions by HPLC–LLSD and analysing them quantitatively using GC–MS. Analysis of the cuticular lipids of the worldwide, medically important ectoparasite C. vomitoria revealed 6 FAMEs with odd-numbered carbon chains from C15:0 to C19:0 in the larvae, while internal lipids contained 9 FAMEs ranging from C15:1 to C19:0. Seven FAMEs from C15:0 to C19:0 were identified in the cuticular lipids of the pupae, whereas the internal lipids of the pupae contained 10 FAMEs from C13:0 to C19:0. The cuticular lipids of males and females and also the internal lipids of males contained 5, 7 and 6 FAMEs from C15:0 to C19:0 respectively. Seven FAMEs from C13:0 to C19:0 were identified in the internal lipids of females, and 7, 6, 5 and 3 alcohols were found in the cuticular lipids of larvae, pupae, males and females respectively. Only saturated alcohols with even-numbered carbon chains were present in these lipids. Only 1 alcohol (C22:0) was detected in the internal lipids of C. vomitoria larvae, while just 4 alcohols from – C18:0 to C24:0 – were identified in the internal lipids of pupae, and males and females. We also identified glycerol and cholesterol in the larvae, pupae, males and females of C. vomitoria. The individual alcohols and FAMEs, as well as their mixtures isolated from the cuticular and internal lipids of larvae, pupae, males and females of C. vomitoria, demonstrated antimicrobial activity against entomopathogenic fungi.

Effect of Saturation and Unsaturation of Fatty Methyl Esters on Biodiesel NOx Emission Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thangaraja ◽  
S. Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Acid Methyl

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel and an attractive alternative to replace fossil diesel without major engine modifications. However, the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from biodiesel fuelled engines are reported to be higher compared to diesel engine. The characteristics of biodiesel are known to depend on their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents which vary with the feedstock. Thus the contribution of saturation and unsaturation of pure components of fatty acid methyl esters on NOx formation warrants a systematic investigation. This paper attempts to relate the composition of biodiesel with NOx formation. For this purpose, the NO formation from pure fatty acid methyl esters are predicted using extended Zeldovich reaction scheme. Also, the experiments are conducted for measuring oxides of nitrogen from a compression ignition engine operated using neat palm and karanja methyl esters and their blends providing biodiesel combinations of varying degree of saturation for investigation. The measured NOx concentrations are compared with the corresponding predictions to affirm the influence of fatty acid methyl ester on engine NOx characteristics. The results clearly indicate that the change in degree of saturation influences the NOx formation and an increase in the degree of saturation of biodiesel decreases the engine NOx emission.

Potential of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), using direct infusion, to quantify fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in biodiesel

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 3949-3955
Author(s):  
Rodrigo V. P. Leal ◽  
Gabriel F. Sarmanho ◽  
Luiz H. Leal ◽  
Bruno C. Garrido ◽  
Lucas J. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Direct Infusion ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Acid Methyl

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) intensities, by ESI-MS, used to their quantification in biodiesel.

Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel Derived from Palm and Rapeseed Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1633-1636
Author(s):  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Yin Nan Yuan ◽  
Yong Bin Lai ◽  
Xing Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Acid Methyl

The chemical composition of palm and rapeseed biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Combustion characteristics of biodiesel were studied by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry and collision theory. Combustion characteristic index C was put forward for describing biodiesel combustion characteristic. The reactive atom combustion mechanism was put forward. Biodiesel combustion process comprised three steps, viz., volatilizing, dissociating and combining. First, biodiesel volatilizes, viz., FAME (liquid) volatilize and became FAME (gas). Second, FAME, O2 and N2 molecular were dissociated into C*, H*, O* and N* reactive atoms. Third, C*, H* and N* reacted, respectively, with O* to CO2, CO, H2O and NOx, and released energy. The study showed that the biodiesel was mainly composed of FAME: C14:0-C24:0, C16:1-C22:1, C18:2 and C18:3. Biodiesel had a good burnability. Combustion characteristic indexes of palm methyl ester (PME) and rapeseed methyl ester (RME) were 4.97E-05 and 3.65E-05, respectively. The combustion characteristic had relation to chemical composition. The combustion characteristic of biodiesel was better with increasing saturated fatty acid methyl esters and length of carbon-chain, and was poorer with increasing unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and unsaturated degree. The combustion characteristic of PME was better than that of RME.

scholarly journals Sintesis Metil Ester Asam Lemak dari Biji Alpukat (Parsea americana Mill) Menggunakan Polimer Penyangga Katalis Berbahan Dasar Eugenol

KOVALEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Sumarni ◽  
Erwin Abdul Rahim ◽  
Ni Ketut Sumarni ◽  
Ruslan ◽  
Hardi Ys. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl

Research on the manufacture of methyl esters from avocado seeds (Parsea americana Mill) with eugenol-based catalysts has been conducted. The aim is to determine the catalyst concentration used to produce methyl esters with the highest rendement and determine the composition of fatty acid methyl ester in avocado seeds. This study was used variations in concentrations of 0.25%, 1%, 1.75%, 2.25%, and 3%. The results of this study showed that the best concentration is 2.25% with the calculation of the results of 24.8% methyl esters in avocado seeds, namely lignoceric and octadecenoic acid methyl ester. Keywords: Avocado seeds, fatty acid methyl esters

Feeding Stimulants Eliciting the Probing Behavior for Peregrinator biannulipes Montrouzier et Signore (Hemiptera: Ruduviidae) from Tribolium confusum (Jacquelin du Val)

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Tebayashi ◽  
Takuya Kawahara ◽  
Chul-Sa Kim ◽  
Akinori Nishi ◽  
Keiichi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
Probing Behavior ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Methyl Linolate

Four fatty acid methyl esters identified in the solvent extract of Tribolium confusum (Jacquelin du Val) larvae as kairomones were individually and collectively tested for probing behavior of Peregrinator biannulipes Montrouzier et Signoret. All identified fatty acid methyl eaters, methyl palmitate, methyl linolate, methyl oleate and methyl stearate, exhibited characterisitic kairomonal probing behavior of P. biannulipe toward the lure. These fatty acid methyl ester were active at 0.2 μg/lure but a synergistic effect was not observed among them. Commercially available C8-C14 even-numbered fatty acid methyl esters that were not detected in the extract of T. confusum larvae also elicited a probing behavior but their activities were weaker than those of four fatty acid methyl ester (C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2) identified in the extract. On the other hand, C17 and C19 odd-numbered fatty acid methyl esters did not show any activity at all.

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