scholarly journals The efficacy of recombinant protein lbk39 for the diagnosis of leishmaniosis in dogs

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Joyce Carvalho Pereira ◽  
Pedro Dos Santos Sousa ◽  
Ligia Moraes Barizon De Souza ◽  
Aline Kuhn Sbruzzi Pasquali ◽  
Michelle Bates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Elimination Programme ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniosis

Abstract Visceral leishmaniosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases on the planet and dogs are the main reservoir of canine visceral leishmaniosis (CVL) in endemic areas. They play an important role in human infection because in dogs the disease appears long time after infection, and they can move uncontrollably, contributing to disperse the parasite. To take the decision to treat the animals or for euthanasia, in an elimination programme, in order to reduce the parasitic load, it is necessary to diagnose correctly, having more effective tools. Our group has developed a new recombinant antigen-based kinesin-related gene of Leishmania braziliensis (Lbk39), which shows 59% amino acid identity to the L. infantum homologue. The Lbk39 gene was synthesized, inserted into the pLEXSY-sat2 vector and transfected into L. tarentolae cells by electroporation. The recombinant protein was secreted in the culture with a C-terminal histidine marker, purified, generating a product at 337.68 μg mL−1. A total of 152 sera from dog's endemic and non-endemic areas were used, being 78 positives and 75 negatives. The antigen Lbk39 showed 100% sensitivity and 96.1% specificity. We compared this antigen with other antigens such as total extract of the parasite, TRDPP, and our data indicate that Lbk39 has potential application in the diagnosis of CVL through antibody detection.

scholarly journals Triatomine Feeding Profiles and Trypanosoma cruzi Infection, Implications in Domestic and Sylvatic Transmission Cycles in Ecuador

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Sofía Ocaña-Mayorga ◽  
Juan José Bustillos ◽  
Anita G. Villacís ◽  
C. Miguel Pinto ◽  
Simone Frédérique Brenière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
Rhodnius Ecuadoriensis ◽  
Transmission Cycles ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Southern Highland

Understanding the blood meal patterns of insects that are vectors of diseases is fundamental in unveiling transmission dynamics and developing strategies to impede or decrease human–vector contact. Chagas disease has a complex transmission cycle that implies interactions between vectors, parasites and vertebrate hosts. In Ecuador, limited data on human infection are available; however, the presence of active transmission in endemic areas has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of hosts that serve as sources of blood for triatomines in domestic, peridomestic and sylvatic transmission cycles, in two endemic areas of Ecuador (central coastal and southern highland regions). Using conserved primers and DNA extracted from 507 intestinal content samples from five species of triatomines (60 Panstrongylus chinai, 17 Panstrongylus howardi, 1 Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus, 427 Rhodnius ecuadoriensis and 2 Triatoma carrioni) collected from 2006 to 2013, we amplified fragments of the cytb mitochondrial gene. After sequencing, blood meal sources were identified in 416 individuals (146 from central coastal and 270 from southern highland regions), achieving ≥ 95% identity with GenBank sequences (NCBI-BLAST tool). The results showed that humans are the main source of food for triatomines, indicating that human–vector contact is more frequent than previously thought. Although other groups of mammals, such as rodents, are also an available source of blood, birds (particularly chickens) might have a predominant role in the maintenance of triatomines in these areas. However, the diversity of sources of blood found might indicate a preference driven by triatomine species. Moreover, the presence of more than one source of blood in triatomines collected in the same place indicated that dispersal of vectors occurs regardless the availability of food. Dispersal capacity of triatomines needs to be evaluated to propose an effective strategy that limits human–vector contact and, in consequence, to decrease the risk of T. cruzi transmission.

scholarly journals Production of a kinesin-related recombinant protein (Lbk39) from Leishmania braziliensis by Leishmania tarentolae promastigotes and its application in the serodiagnosis of leishmaniasis

One Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100111
Author(s):  
Lígia Moraes Barizon de Souza ◽  
Joyce Carvalho ◽  
Michelle D. Bates ◽  
Ricardo Rasmussen Petterle ◽  
Vanete Thomaz-Soccol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Leishmania Tarentolae

scholarly journals Immunization with VAR2CSA-DBL5 Recombinant Protein Elicits Broadly Cross-Reactive Antibodies to Placental Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 2248-2256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Avril ◽  
Megan M. Cartwright ◽  
Marianne J. Hathaway ◽  
Mirja Hommel ◽  
Salenna R. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Pregnancy Malaria

ABSTRACTPregnancy-associated malaria is a severe clinical syndrome associated with the sequestration ofPlasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in the placenta. Placental binding is mediated by VAR2CSA, a member of the large and diverseP. falciparumerythrocyte membrane 1 (PfEMP1) protein family. To better understand if conserved regions in VAR2CSA can be targeted by antibodies, we immunized rabbits with VAR2CSA-DBL1 and -DBL5 recombinant proteins produced inPichia pastorisand developed a panel of seven chondroitin sulfate A (CSA)-binding parasites from diverse geographic origins. Overall, no two parasites in the panel expressed the same VAR2CSA sequence. The DBL1 domains averaged 80% amino acid identity (range, 72 to 89%), and the DBL5 domains averaged 86% amino acid identity (range, 83 to 99%), similar to a broader sampling of VAR2CSA sequences from around the world. Whereas antibodies generated against the VAR2CSA-DBL1 recombinant protein had only limited breadth and reacted with three or four parasites in the panel, immunization with DBL5 recombinant proteins elicited broadly cross-reactive antibodies against all or most parasites in the panel, as well as to fresh clinical isolates from pregnant women. These findings demonstrate that the major PfEMP1 variant expressed by placental isolates exposes strain-transcendent epitopes that can be targeted by vaccination and may have application for pregnancy malaria vaccine development.

scholarly journals Brucella Melitensis Review of the Human Infection Case

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šukrija Zvizdić ◽  
Dževad Čengić ◽  
Maja Bratić ◽  
Snježana Mehanić ◽  
Fikret Pinjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Optimal Treatment ◽  
Joint Aspiration ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infections ◽  
Endemic Areas

Brucella spp. prosthetic joint infections are infrequently reported in the literature, particularly in returning travellers, and optimal treatment is unknown.METHOD:We describe a prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by Brucella melitensis in a traveller returning to the UK from Thailand, which we believe to be the first detailed report of brucellosis in a traveller returning from this area. The 23 patients with Brucella-related PJI reported in the literature are summarised, together with our case.RESULTS:The diagnosis of Brucella-related PJI is difficult to make; only 30% of blood cultures and 75% of joint aspiration cultures were positive in the reported cases. Culture of intraoperative samples provides the best diagnostic yield. In the absence of radiological evidence of joint loosening, combination antimicrobial therapy alone may be appropriate treatment in the first instance; this was successful in 6/7 [86%] of patients, though small numbers of patients and the likelihood of reporting bias warrant caution in drawing any firm conclusions about optimal treatment. Aerosolisation of synovial fluid during joint aspiration procedures and nosocomial infection has been described.CONCLUSIONS:Brucella-related PJI should be considered in the differential of travellers returning from endemic areas with PJI, including Thailand. Personal protective equipment including fit tested filtering face piece-3 (FFP3) mask or equivalent is recommended for personnel carrying out joint aspiration when brucellosis is suspected. Travellers can reduce the risk of brucellosis by avoiding unpasteurised dairy products and animal contact (particularly on farms and abattoirs) in endemic areas and should be counselled regarding these risks as part of their pre-travel assessment.

scholarly journals Intranasal vaccination with a recombinant protein CTA1-DD-RBF protects mice against hRSV infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Li ◽  
Hu Ren ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Wenbo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Mucosal Vaccine ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Intranasal Immunization ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Syncytial Virus

AbstractHuman respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection is a major pediatric health concern worldwide. Despite more than half a century of efforts, there is still no commercially available vaccine. In this study, we constructed and purified the recombinant protein CTA1-DD-RBF composed of a CTA1-DD mucosal adjuvant and prefusion F protein (RBF) using Escherichia coli BL21 cells. We studied the immunogenicity of CTA1-DD-RBF in mice. Intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD-RBF stimulated hRSV F-specific IgG1, IgG2a, sIgA, and neutralizing antibodies as well as T cell immunity without inducing lung immunopathology upon hRSV challenge. Moreover, the protective immunity of CTA1-DD-RBF was superior to that of the RBF protein, as confirmed by the assessment of serum-neutralizing activity and viral clearance after challenge. Compared to formalin-inactivated hRSV (FI-RSV), intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD-RBF induced a Th1 immune response. In summary, intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD-RBF is safe and effective in mice. Therefore, CTA1-DD-RBF represents a potential mucosal vaccine candidate for the prevention of human infection with hRSV.

scholarly journals Multicystic Cerebral Hydatid Cyst: Uncommon Presentation of A Rare Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
Sil Kaushik ◽  
Basu Sunanadan ◽  
Jain Harsh ◽  
Tripathy Laxminarayan
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
Cerebral Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
The Brain

Hydatid cyst is a common zoonosis, affecting the liver and lungs in the endemic areas. Occasionally it involves the brain. We present a rare case of multicystic cerebral Hydatid cyst present over a long time in an adult patient with some odd radiological features like calcification and discuss the relevant literature. In endemic areas, neurosurgeons must be aware of this entity.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:49-51, 2015

Molecular Detection of Dengue Virus in Mosquitoes as an Early Indicator to Aid in the Prevention of Human Infection in Endemic Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Souza Leandro ◽  
André da Silva Britto ◽  
Jean Avemir Rios ◽  
Sandro Roberto Galvão ◽  
Rosinei Kafka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Early Indicator ◽  
Endemic Areas
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