Postal History of the Falkland Islands Dependencies

Polar Record ◽  
1947 ◽  
Vol 5 (33-34) ◽  
pp. 45-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bagshawe
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
History Of ◽  
Whaling Industry ◽  
South Sandwich Islands ◽  
Set Up

The Antartic continent has been in the limelight during the past year, and it is well known that several countries are claiming parts of the area, which unfortunately overlap. Possessions belonging to Great Britain, but at present disputed, are all islands and territories lying between longitudes 20°and 50° W., south of latitudes 58° S. The islands enclosed by these boundaries are Dependencies of the Falkland Islands consisting of many islands and part the Antartic Continent. South Georgia, the South Orkney Islands, Graham Land, the South Shetland Islands, the South Sandwich Islands, Alexander I Land and part of Coats Land lie within this area, which amounts in all to about three million square miles, and the territories, portions of which are as yet unexplored, extend down to the South Pole. Great Britain permanently occupies the Dependencies, carrying on a whaling industry and scientific research. In addition the Argentine Government has a meteorological station on Laurie Island in the South Orkneys. This was established in 1904 at the request of Dr W. S. Bruce, leader of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, who had built the station two years earlier. Since 1904 it has been continually manned by meteorologists sent out each year from Argentina. The original party had a post office, the first to appear in Antarctica. This and the more recent ones set up under British administration are marked on the accompanying map. Owing to the impermanence of the population of this part of the world they are naturally not all open continuously.

The cryptostigmatid mite Halozetes belgicae (Michael) in the maritime Antarctic

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Minto ◽  
G.J. Shepherd ◽  
M.B. Usher
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Macquarie Island ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
South Sandwich Islands ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Morphometrical Study

Halozetes belgicae is distributed widely in the Subantarctic and maritime Antarctic, with subspecies described from Macquarie Island and the South Sandwich Islands. A morphometrical study, based largely on the development of the setae, indicates that the nominate subspecies is confined to the Antarctic Peninsula and its offshore islands (including the South Shetland Islands), whilst specimens from the South Orkney Islands are probably consubspecific with individuals on the South Sandwich Islands. In comparison with other studies of the Acari, the results strengthen the case for the recognition of a South Orkadian biogeographical zone.

The Maximum Ice Extent on Island Groups in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Sugden ◽  
C.M. Clapperton
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cover ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Scotia Sea ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
The Antarctic

Evidence is presented for a more extensive ice cover over South Georgia, the South Orkney Islands, the South Shetland Islands, and the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. Ice extended across the adjacent submarine shelves to a depth of 200 m below present sea level. Troughs cut into the submarine shelves by ice streams or outlet glaciers and ice-scoured features on the shelf areas suggest that the ice caps were warm-based. The South Shetland Islands appear not to have been overrun by continental ice. Geomorphological evidence in two island groups suggests that the maximum ice cover, which was responsible for the bulk of glacial erosion, predates at least one full glaciation. Subsequently there was a marine interval and then a glaciation which overran all of the lowlying peninsulas. The Falkland Islands, only 2° of latitude north of South Georgia, were never covered by an ice cap and supported only a few slightly enlarged cirque glaciers. This suggests that the major oceanographic and atmospheric boundary represented by the Antarctic Convergence, which is presently situated between the Falkland Islands and South Georgia, has remained in a similar position throughout the glacial age. Its position is probably bathymetrically controlled.

scholarly journals Identification of marine Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas for penguins around the South Shetland Islands and South Orkney Islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 10520-10529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria P. Dias ◽  
Ana Paula Bertoldi Carneiro ◽  
Victoria Warwick-Evans ◽  
Colin Harris ◽  
Katharina Lorenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
South Orkney Islands

Fire Precautions at Antarctic Stations

Polar Record ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (46) ◽  
pp. 743-745
Author(s):  
Bernard Stonehouse
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Terre Adélie ◽  
Hope Bay

In 1946 the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey station on Deception Island in the South Shetland Islands was completely destroyed by fire. Stores, valuable equipment and the records of many months' work were lost. In 1948 the station at Hope Bay in Trinity Peninsula was burnt down, with the loss of two lives. In January 1952 the hut of the French Antarctic Expedition at Port-Martin in Terre Adélie was destroyed in the same way. Smaller outbreaks of fire, fortunately detected early and dealt with promptly, have been reported from other stations. Of all the difficulties which can overtake a polar expedition, the loss of its base is perhaps the most disastrous. Nevertheless, the frequency with which such losses seem to occur suggests that there are fundamental errors in the design of the huts, as well as a tendency to underestimate the danger of fire.

scholarly journals V.—On the Innes Wilson Collection of Rocks and Minerals from the South Shetland Islands and Trinity Island

1922 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert H. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
Kind Permission ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Colonial Office

Mr J. Innes Wilson of Port Stanley, Falkland Islands, during the whaling-season of 1916–17 paid a visit to the South Shetland Islands and Palmer Archipelago. He collected specimens of rocks and minerals from Deception Island, Roberts Island, Trinity Island, and the coast bordering the Gerlache Channel, which were transmitted to the Colonial Office by the Governor, Sir William Douglas Young. It is with the kind permission of the Undersecretary of State for the Colonies that I am allowed to submit some account of Mr Innes Wilson's interesting and important collection.

Acanthocephalan infection of inshore fishes at the South Orkney Islands

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Zdzitowiecki ◽  
Martin G. White
Keyword(s):  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
Notothenia Coriiceps ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
Chaenocephalus Aceratus ◽  
First Time

An examination of notothenioid fish of three species, including 23 immature Notothenia coriiceps Richardson, revealed seven acanthocephalan species, including two Echinorhynchida occurring in the intestine and five Polymorphida in the body cavity. Four species -Metacanthocephalus johnstoni Zdzitowiecki, Corynosoma arctocephali Zdzitowiecki, C. pseudohamanni Zdzitowiecki, C.shackletoni Zdzitowiecki - are reported for the first time from the area. Polymorphida were twice as numerous as Echinorhynchida. The dominant parasites were Aspersentis megarhynchus (Linstow) and C. hamanni (Linstow) in Notothenia coriiceps, and C. bullosum (Linstow) in Chaenocephalus aceratus (Lönnberg). The infection of Notothenia coriiceps and Chaenocephalus aceratus in this area was compared with these species and Notothenia rossii Richardson in neighbouring areas. The infection of Notothenia coriiceps at the South Orkney Islands is more similar to that at the South Shetland Islands than that found at South Georgia.

Unregulated Sealing in the Dependencies

2007 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
A.B. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides a detailed account of the growth of the unregulated sealing industry in the Dependencies, in the same format as Chapter Two. It begins with a history of the discovery of South Georgia, and follows the arrival of American and British vessels in late eighteenth century. It follows a similar pattern in the Falklands history, where sealing excursions declined during European and American wars, only to return with vigor from 1810 onwards - devastating seal stocks by the 1820s. The South Georgian sealing industry continued to decline during the nineteenth century, with numerous failed excursions recorded. In counterbalance to this, the South Shetland Islands saw a rise in sealing. A rise in sealing occurred during the brief sea fur boom of the 1860s and 1870s, where the chapter concludes.

The diet of the Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi Boulenger, 1902 (Nototheniidae) from Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vacchi ◽  
M. La Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Ross Sea ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
Terra Nova Bay ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
Terra Nova

A coastal ichthyological survey was carried out in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea during the Italian Antarctic Expedition 1987/1988. Vacchi et al. (1992) described the composition of the coastal fish community. Stomach content analysis was conducted on Trematomus bernacchii and T. pennellii to evaluate the trophic overlap (Vacchi et al. 1994). During the survey, several specimens of T. newnesi were caught at 92 m depth. This fish is a coastal species widespread in the high-Antarctic Zone and also known from the South Shetland Islands and the South Orkney Islands (DeWitt et al. 1990). Although T. newnesi was found down to 400 m depth (Tiedtke & Kock 1989), it seems more abundant in very shallow inshore waters (Naito & Iwami 1982, Williams 1988). Andriashev (1970) and Williams(1988) stated T. newnesi was a cryopelagic species associated with the underside of the sea-ice. At Signy Island, T. newnesi was described as semipelagic species eating amphipods (Richardson 1975). Eastman & DeVries (1982) consider it to be both a cryopelagic and benthic species in McMurdo Sound. Targett (1981) found that T. newnesi feeds on krill and plankton at the South Orkney Islands. Planktivory has also been indicated at the South Shetland Islands (Casaux et al. 1990).

The first Antarctic whaling season of Admiralen (1905–1906): the diary of Alexander Lange

Polar Record ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Adie ◽  
Bjørn L. Basberg
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The One ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Considerable Period ◽  
Factory Ship

ABSTRACTThe first factory ship of the so-called modern era of Antarctic whaling was Admiralen, arriving together with two smaller catcher boats in the South Shetland Islands in January 1906, after a period of whaling in the Falkland Islands. The expedition leader was Alexander Lange, a Norwegian whaler with a long experience from whaling in northern Norway and Spitsbergen. He kept a diary for a considerable period and this covered several whaling voyages. The one dealing with the pioneer Antarctic season of 1905–1906 has been translated from Norwegian into English and is presented here with an introduction that places the expedition into its wider context.

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