scholarly journals Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada Tripoli ◽  
Diego Quattrone ◽  
Laura Ferraro ◽  
Charlotte Gayer-Anderson ◽  
Victoria Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Jumping To Conclusions ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Abstract Background The ‘jumping to conclusions’ (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ. Methods A total of 817 first episode psychosis patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC, and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia. Results The estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia polygenic risk score was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B = 0.47, 95% CI −0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25–0.76, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with the higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B = −1.7, 95% CI −2.8 to −0.5, p = 0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the JTC reasoning bias in psychosis might not be a specific cognitive deficit but rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to PLEs, independent of IQ. The work has the potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.

scholarly journals Jumping To Conclusions, General Intelligence, And Psychosis Liability: Findings From The Multi-Centre EU-GEI Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada Tripoli ◽  
Diego Quattrone ◽  
Laura Ferraro ◽  
Charlotte Gayer-Anderson ◽  
Victoria Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Jumping To Conclusions ◽  
Beads Task

AbstractBackgroundThe “jumping to conclusions” (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ.Methods817 FEP patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC (assessed by the number of beads drawn on the probabilistic reasoning “beads” task) and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia.ResultsThe estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk Score (SZ PRS) was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B= 0.47, 95% CI −0.21 to 1.16, p=0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B=0.51, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.76, p<0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLE) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B= −1.7, 95% CI −2.8 to −0.5, p=0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients.Conclusionsthe JTC reasoning bias in psychosis is not a specific cognitive deficit but is rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to psychotic-like experiences, independent of IQ. The work has potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.

Correlations between immune and metabolic serum markers and schizophrenia/bipolar disorder polygenic risk score in first‐episode psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Maj ◽  
Sarah Tosato ◽  
Roberta Zanardini ◽  
Antonio Lasalvia ◽  
Angela Favaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Schizophrenia polygenic risk score and cannabis use modify psychosis expression in first episode psychosis patients and population controls

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Quattrone ◽  
Ulrich Reininghaus ◽  
Alex L. Richards ◽  
Giada Tripoli ◽  
Laura Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Population Controls

AbstractBackgroundDiagnostic categories within the psychosis spectrum are widely used in clinical practice, however psychosis may occur on a continuum. Therefore, we explored whether the continuous distribution of psychotic symptoms across categories is a function of genetic as well as environmental risk factors, such as polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and cannabis use.MethodsAs part of the EU-GEI study, we genotyped first episode psychosis patients (FEP) and population controls, for whom transdiagnostic dimensions of psychotic symptoms or experiences were generated using item response bi-factor modelling. Linear regression was used, separately in patients and controls, to test the associations between these dimensions and schizophrenia (SZ) PRSs, as well as the combined effect of SZ-PRS and cannabis use on the positive symptom/experience dimensions.ResultsSZ-PRS was associated with negative (B=0.18; 95%CI 0.03 to 0.34) and positive (B=0.19; 95%CI 0.03 to 0.36) symptom dimensions in 617 FEP, and with all the psychotic experience dimensions in 979 controls. The putative effect of SZ-PRS on either symptom or experience dimensions was of a small magnitude. Cannabis use was additionally associated with the positive dimensions both in FEP (B=0.31; 95%CI 0.11 to 0.52) and in controls (B=0.26; 95%CI 0.06 to 0.46), independently from SZ-PRS.ConclusionsWe report two validators to the latent dimensional structure of psychosis. SZ risk variants and cannabis use independently map onto specific dimensions, contributing to variation across the psychosis continuum. Findings support the hypothesis that psychotic experiences have similar biological substrates as clinical disorders.

scholarly journals Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk Score as a Predictor of Antipsychotic Efficacy in First-Episode Psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Ping Zhang ◽  
Delbert Robinson ◽  
Jin Yu ◽  
Juan Gallego ◽  
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Antipsychotic Efficacy ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals The continuity of effect of schizophrenia polygenic risk score and patterns of cannabis use on transdiagnostic symptom dimensions at first-episode psychosis: findings from the EU-GEI study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Quattrone ◽  
Ulrich Reininghaus ◽  
Alex L. Richards ◽  
Giada Tripoli ◽  
Laura Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Eu

AbstractDiagnostic categories do not completely reflect the heterogeneous expression of psychosis. Using data from the EU-GEI study, we evaluated the impact of schizophrenia polygenic risk score (SZ-PRS) and patterns of cannabis use on the transdiagnostic expression of psychosis. We analysed first-episode psychosis patients (FEP) and controls, generating transdiagnostic dimensions of psychotic symptoms and experiences using item response bi-factor modelling. Linear regression was used to test the associations between these dimensions and SZ-PRS, as well as the combined effect of SZ-PRS and cannabis use on the dimensions of positive psychotic symptoms and experiences. We found associations between SZ-PRS and (1) both negative (B = 0.18; 95%CI 0.03–0.33) and positive (B = 0.19; 95%CI 0.03–0.35) symptom dimensions in 617 FEP patients, regardless of their categorical diagnosis; and (2) all the psychotic experience dimensions in 979 controls. We did not observe associations between SZ-PRS and the general and affective dimensions in FEP. Daily and current cannabis use were associated with the positive dimensions in FEP (B = 0.31; 95%CI 0.11–0.52) and in controls (B = 0.26; 95%CI 0.06–0.46), over and above SZ-PRS. We provide evidence that genetic liability to schizophrenia and cannabis use map onto transdiagnostic symptom dimensions, supporting the validity and utility of the dimensional representation of psychosis. In our sample, genetic liability to schizophrenia correlated with more severe psychosis presentation, and cannabis use conferred risk to positive symptomatology beyond the genetic risk. Our findings support the hypothesis that psychotic experiences in the general population have similar genetic substrates as clinical disorders.

scholarly journals Polygenic Risk Score associated with specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarojini M. Sengupta ◽  
Kathleen MacDonald ◽  
Ferid Fathalli ◽  
Anita Yim ◽  
Martin Lepage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals TH68. METABOLIC POLYGENIC RISK SCORES EFFECT ON ANTIPSYCHOTIC-INDUCED METABOLIC DYSREGULATION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN A FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS COHORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. e230-e231
Author(s):  
Patricia Gassó ◽  
Alex G. Segura ◽  
Albert Martínez-Pinteño ◽  
Natalia Rodríguez ◽  
Bernardo Miquel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Men and Women With First Episode Psychosis Present Distinct Profiles of Social Cognition and Metacognition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ferrer-Quintero ◽  
Daniel Fernández ◽  
Raquel López-Carrilero ◽  
Irene Birulés ◽  
Ana Barajas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Jumping To Conclusions ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Deficits in social cognition and metacognition impact the course of psychosis. Gender differences in social cognition and metacognition could explain heterogeneity in psychosis. 174 (58 females) patients with first-episode psychosis completed a clinical, neuropsychological, social cognitive and metacognitive assessment. Subsequent latent profile analysis split by gender yielded 2 clusters common to both genders, a specific male profile characterized by presenting jumping to conclusions and a specific female profile characterized by cognitive biases. Males and females in the homogeneous profile seem to have a more benign course of illness. Males with jumping to conclusions had more clinical symptoms and more neuropsychological deficits. Females with cognitive biases were younger and had less self-esteem. These results suggest that males and females may benefit from specific targeted treatment and highlights the need to consider gender when planning interventions.

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