Competition between Potatoes (Solarium tuberosum) and Weeds

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 672-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Nelson ◽  
Myron C. Thoreson
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Solarium Tuberosum ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
Annual Weeds

Mixtures of annual weeds emerging 1 week after and competing all season with potatoes (Solanum tuberosumL.) reduced tuber yields by an average of 54% compared to 16% in comparable treatments in which weeds emerged 3 weeks after potatoes. Weeds reduced tuber yields 19% 8 weeks after potatoes emerged and 25 to 45% 10 weeks after emergence. After full-season competition, for each additional 10% of the total dry biomass represented by weeds, there was a decrease of 12% in fresh tuber yield. This relationship was not valid if potatoes were harvested early, which reduced the deleterious effect of weeds on potato yields. Weed competition reduced both size and number of tubers, but had little effect on specific gravity of tubers. In some instances, the reduction in tuber size by weeds reduced the percentage of tubers that were marketable.

Response to added nitrogen of a continuous potato sequence as related to sand thickness over clay

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Cambouris ◽  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
M. C. Nolin ◽  
M. R. Laverdière
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Tuber Size Distribution

This study evaluated the effect of rate and timing of N fertilizer application on tuber yield, tuber size distribution and tuber specific gravity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in two sites in a commercial field in 1999–2001. One trial was established at each of the two sites chosen to represent two management zones (MZ) previously delineated by soil electrical conductivity, and differing in soil water availability, as controlled by depth to a clayey substratum. Each trial had 21 treatments including five rates of ammonium nitrate (0–200 kg N ha-1 in 1999; 0–240 kg N ha-1 in 2000 and 2001), each applied according to five application timings (100, 75, 50, 25 or 0% of N applied at planting with the remainder applied at hilling). Increasing N rate increased total and marketable tuber yields in both sites. The N rates required to optimize economic return ranged from 167 to 239 kg ha-1 among years and between sites. Nitrogen fertilizer applied all at planting or all at hilling decreased tuber yields in both sites compared with split N application. The percentage of N rate applied at planting to achieve the maximum marketable tuber yield varied among years from 34 to 61% and allowed a yield increase of 2 to 20%. The proportion of large tubers was higher in the site with a greater depth to the clayey substratum (DMZ site) than in the site with a shallower depth to the clayey substratum (SMZ site). Tuber yield and tuber N uptake were higher in the SMZ site than in the DMZ site when no fertilizer N was applied, and tuber yield was more responsive to fertilizer N rate in the DMZ site than in the SMZ site in one year; however, these differences are not sufficient to justify different fertilizer N management for the two sites. The two sites frequently differed in terms of tuber yield, tuber size and specific gravity, which are important parameters in determining tuber processing quality but the optimal N rate and N timing were similar. These differences may be sufficiently large to justify different potato management practices (e.g., nutrient management, seedpiece spacing) to optimize potato production for the chip processing market. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, marketable yield, tuber size distribution, specific gravity, N economic optimum

Response of Potato (Solarium tuberosum) Cultivars to Metribuzin

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Friesen ◽  
David A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hollow Heart ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Solarium Tuberosum ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar

The response of 22 potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) cultivars to soil-incorporated and foliar applications of metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)one] at rates of 0.5 and 1.0 kg ai/ha, was evaluated in field experiments from 1979 to 1982. Metribuzin significantly reduced the yield of marketable tubers in several potato cultivars. Foliar applications generally resulted in more injury than soil applications. Yields were reduced primarily through stand reduction and a decreased number of tubers per plant. Neither tuber size nor specific gravity of tubers was significantly reduced in the cultivars studied. The most susceptible cultivar was ‘Alaska Red’, followed by ‘Rhine Red’, F72117, ‘Caribe’, and ‘Shepody’. Other cultivars evaluated were highly tolerant to metribuzin, irrespective of rate or method of application. There was an increase in hollow heart in cultivars ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Lemhi Russet’ following treatment with metribuzin.

Effect of Duration of Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis) Competition on Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Yield

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wall ◽  
George H. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Green Foxtail

The effects of different periods of green foxtail competition on the components of potato yield were investigated. Delaying the removal of green foxtail for 2 wk following crop emergence reduced total and marketable tuber yield by 19 and 29%, respectively, when averaged over 2 yr. Similarly, the number and average weight of marketable tubers were reduced by 24 and 6%, respectively. The proportion of unmarketable tubers comprising the total yield increased as the duration of weed competition was increased. Successively longer periods of green foxtail competition further decreased the measured parameters.

NITROGEN, POTASSIUM, AND PLANT SPACING EFFECTS ON YIELD, TUBER SIZE, SPECIFIC GRAVITY, AND TISSUE N, P, AND K OF NETTED GEM POTATOES

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P. WHITE ◽  
D. C. MUNRO ◽  
J. B. SANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Seed Piece ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Solarium Tuberosum ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Spacing Effects ◽  
N Rates

Netted Gem potatoes (Solarium tuberosum L.) were grown at seed-piece spacings of 28, 38, and 46 cm with 90, 134, and 179 kg N/ha and 46, 93, and 139 kg K/ha. Prior to planting, 100 kg P/ha and 56 kg Mg/ha were broadcast. At planting 74 kg P/ha was combined with the N and K treatments and banded. Increased spacing resulted in increased yields of "A" size tubers (113–454 g) and the percentage of A size tubers in the total yield, whereas total yield was unaffected as spacing increased. Increased rates of N and K resulted in increased total yields and percentage of A size tubers. Specific gravity decreased slightly as N rates increased, but decreased markedly (from 1.099 to 1.091) as K increased. Spacing had no effect on specific gravity. Applied N and K had significant effects on leaf and petiole N, P, and K levels. Increased spacing had no effect on tissue nutrient levels.

Interaction of Metribuzin and Phorate on ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Norchip’ Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlene Hatterman-Valenti ◽  
Vince F. Lawson ◽  
Micheal D. K. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Size Tuber ◽  
Chipping Potatoes ◽  
Plant Injury ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity

The effects of metribuzin herbicide and phorate insecticide were studied on summer harvest chipping-potatoes at Muscatine, IA, from 1989 to 1991. Phorate at 1.5 kg/ha increased total and ‘A’-size tuber yield and tuber specific gravity. Metribuzin applied at 0.56 kg/ha postemergence decreased total and ‘A’-size tuber yield. Metribuzin applied at 0.56 kg/ha preemergence and 0.28 kg/ha postemergence did not reduce Atlantic cultivar yield. Metribuzin did not affect ‘B’-size tuber yield or specific gravity. Phorate in combination with metribuzin did not increase plant injury or reduce tuber yield.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Different Size-Seedling Tubers Derived from True Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Seeds as Influenced by Clump Planting

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
RN Rojoni ◽  
TS Roy ◽  
M D Sarkar ◽  
K Kabir ◽  
A Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2010 to March 2011. Four levels of seedling tuber size, viz. 6-<7 g (S1), 7-<8 g (S2), 8-<9 g (S3) and, 9-?10 g (S4) and three levels of seedling tuber, viz. 1 hill-1 (N1), 2 hill-1 (N2) and 3 hill-1 (N3) were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. At harvest, the tallest plant (82.17 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (83.30), highest LAI (6.23), tubers weight hill-1 (128.90 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (25.78 t) were found in S4, while the lowest was in S1. On the other hand, the tallest plant (74.91 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (74.45), highest LAI (5.41), tubers weight hill-1 (123.95 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (24.79 t) were found in N3, while the lowest was in N1. The tallest plant (85.09 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (87.97), highest LAI (6.64), tubers weight hill-1 (138.35 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (27.67 t) were found in S4N3 and the lowest gross tuber yield ha-1(12.83 t) was from S1N1. Large seedling tuber with single seedling tuber hill-1 performed better. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19866 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 111-121

Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Yield and processing quality

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
Y. Leclerc ◽  
G. Moreau ◽  
E. Botha
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Russet Burbank Potato ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Fry Colour ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity

Split fertilizer N application is thought to improve fertilizer N use efficiency of potato, primarily by reducing NO3 leaching losses. This study evaluated the effects of the rate and timing of N fertilization on yield and processing quality of Russet Burbank potato under rain-fed production. Trials conducted in 1999–2001 included different fertilizer N rates (0–160 kg N ha-1 in 1999 and 0–200 kg N ha-1 in 2000 and 2001) applied either at planting according to normal grower practice, or at hilling, the latest time that granular fertilizer can practically be applied. Tuber total and marketable yield, size distribution, specific gravity, fry colour and tuber concentrations of NO3, sucrose and glucose were measured. Increasing rates of N fertilization increased tuber yield and tuber size, increased tuber NO3 concentration and decreased tuber specific gravity, but had little effect on tuber sugar concentrations or fry colour. Season-to-season variations in total tuber yield responses to N fertilization rate were attributed primarily to variation in soil N supply. Timing of N application had little effect on tuber yield, size distribution or processing quality under adequate soil moisture conditions. However, under dry soil conditions, split N application reduced tuber yield and tuber size. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, tuber specific gravity, tuber nitrate concentration, fry colour

COPPER AND ZINC NUTRITION OF RUSSET BURBANK POTATOES GROWN ON PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. SANDERSON ◽  
UMESH C. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Zinc Nutrition ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

Field experiments were conducted on potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) at two locations in P.E.I. to determine the response to soil- and foliar-applied Cu and Zn on tuber yield and leaf tissue nutrient concentration over a period of 3 yr. Foliar applications of 0.5–2 kg Cu ha−1 applied 1–2 wk prebloom reduced total tuber yield, number of tubers over 55 mm in diameter, average tuber weight, and specific gravity. The mean potato yield of tubers over 55 mm from the foliar-applied Cu treatments was less than the soil applied Cu by 4.5, 0.74, and 7.5 t ha−1 for 1985, 1986, and 1987, respectively. The toxic concentrations of Cu in potato leaves ranged from 63 to 139 μg g−1. Soil-applied Cu increased tissue Cu in the first sampling but had no effect in the second sampling. Foliar applications of Zn at 1–2 kg ha−1 reduced total tuber yield, tuber yield and tuber count over 55 mm, and specific gravity. The toxic concentrations of Zn in potato leaves ranged from 97 to 224 μg g−1. For the first sampling, the leaf tissue Zn concentrations ranged from 21 to 30 μg g−1 for the control and 27 to 70 μg g−1 for soil-applied Zn treatment. There was no difference in the Zn concentration between these two treatments for the second sampling. Copper and Zn concentrations as low as 7 and 21 μg g−1, respectively, in potato leaves were not related to deficiency of these nutrients, based on tuber yields. Soil applications of Cu or Zn would appear preferable to foliar sprays, which may cause phytotoxicity, as a means of increasing plant Cu or Zn content where a deficiency is suspected.Key words: Solanum tuberosum L., tuber yield, leaf copper, leaf zinc, Podzolic soil, potato

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document