Weeds Control in Cassava Plants Development

The purpose of this study is to determine what kinds of weeds may interfere with the development of cassava and how to manage the presence of weeds that interfere with the growth of cassava. Cassava has significant economic and social potential as a future food component, raw material for a variety of businesses, and animal feed, among other applications. Weeds have the ability to multiply quickly via seed. Annual weeds are the most common kind of weed discovered in cassava because they develop extremely quickly and generate seeds in a short period of time. Weed management is often accomplished by mechanical techniques, such as pulling, submerging, or other similar methods. Uprooting should be done before the seeds of this plant begin to spread, and additional methods of management should include herbicide spraying

Effectiveness of herbicides against annual weeds (weed vegetation) on tomatoes

Agrocenoses of cultivated plants are more or less overgrown with unwanted weeds, which complicate and complicate the care of plants and harvesting. The purpose of our research was to assess the impact of modern herbicides on the infestation (clogging) of tomato seedlings with annual weeds and the productivity of cultivated plants in the natural and climatic conditions of the Republic of Kalmykia. It was revealed that the main weeds of tomato plantings for all the years of research from annual dicotyledonous species were-white mar, bindweed buckwheat, bird mountaineer, southern salt grass; less common - bedstraw tenacious, nightshade black, hibiscus triplet and others. Annual cereal species were more often represented by common oatmeal, blue and green bristles, and less often by barn grass. The introduction of herbicides Unimark, WDG and Lapis Lazuli, LP (loose powder) before planting seedlings did not have a negative effect on the survival rate of seedlings; it was 94-96% of the planned density of standing plants. It was found (established) that the use of herbicides in the planting of tomato seedlings restrained the increase in the number of annual grass weeds by 30-75%, annual dicotyledonous-by 70-90%. The introduction of preparations before planting seedlings was the most effective. The decrease in the number of annual weeds had a positive effect on the growth, development and productivity of tomato plants: there was an increase in the number of leaves by 10.4-16.5%, the mass of leaves (leaf weight) – by 11.8-21.2%, the area of the leaf surface – by 8.9-16.2%, the number of set fruits – by 18.9-23.8%, the average weight (mass) of a mature fruit – by 7.5-11.3%. The increase in the yield (the yield gain) of tomato fruits was in the range from 21.6 to 28.4%. The studied herbicides did not have a significant effect on the quality indicators of tomato fruits.

Performance of Tank Mix Partners with Isoxaflutole Across the Cotton Belt

BASF Corporation has developed P-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor-resistant cotton and soybean that will allow growers to use isoxaflutole in future weed management programs. In 2019 and 2020, a multi-state research project was conducted non-crop to examine weed control following isoxaflutole applied preemergence alone and with a number of tank mix partners at high and low labeled rates. At 28 DAT, Palmer amaranth was controlled ≥95% at 6 of 7 locations with isoxaflutole plus the high rate of diuron or fluridone. These same combinations provided the greatest control 42 DAT at 4 of 7 locations. Where large crabgrass was present, isoxaflutole plus the high rate of diuron, fluridone, pendimethalin, or S-metolachlor or isoxaflutole plus the low rate of fluometuron controlled large crabgrass ≥95% in 2 of 3 locations 28 DAT. In 2 of 3 locations, isoxaflutole plus the high rate of pendimethalin or S-metolachlor improved large crabgrass control 42 DAT when compared to isoxaflutole alone. At 21 DAT, morningglory was controlled ≥95% at all locations with isoxaflutole plus the high rate of diuron and at 3 of 4 locations with isoxaflutole plus the high rate of fluometuron. At 42 DAT at all locations, isoxaflutole plus diuron or fluridone and isoxaflutole plus the high rate of fluometuron improved morningglory control compared to isoxaflutole alone. These results suggest that isoxaflutole applied preemergence alone or in tank mixture is efficacious on a number of cross-spectrum annual weeds in cotton and extended weed control may be achieved when isoxaflutole is tank mixed with a number of soil residual herbicides.

Winter Forage Crop Harvest Time Impacts Regeneration of the Annual Weeds Barley Grass, Annual Ryegrass and Wild Radish

Barley grass (Hordeum spp.) is a short-lived annual weed which competes with preferred crop and pasture species and frequently contaminates wool and carcasses, and irritates the ears, eyes and noses of sheep. Barley grass, annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum L.) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) are annual winter crop weeds which reduce grain yield through competition. In three consecutive years (2015 to 2017) cereal, legume and cereal/legume forage crops were grown and harvested in early October, late October or early November consistent with an early silage harvest (ES), late silage harvest (LS) or hay cut (H). A spring wheat cultivar was sown over each site in the following year (2016 to 2018). Weed density was recorded during the forage crop and wheat phases. Forage crop weed populations varied between years. Late paddock preparation for sowing in 2015 effectively eradicated barley grass from all forage crops; however, the competitiveness of legume and cereal/legume crops against annual ryegrass was reduced. In contrast, legume and cereal/legume mixtures tended to have higher barley grass densities than cereal crops in 2016 and 2017, when paddock preparation was earlier. Cutting in October 2015 reduced annual ryegrass and wild radish populations in 2016 wheat by 92.0% and 86.7%, respectively. In 2017 and 2018, regrowth and subsequent seed set following cutting appeared to negate cutting time effects for all crop and crop/legume combinations. Late paddock preparation, an early October forage harvest and effective regrowth control provided the best opportunity for barley grass, annual ryegrass and wild radish control in a single year.

Potato protection system with preparations of the company “Agrorus & Co.”

The results of tests of the potato protection system with chemical preparations of the company “Agrorus & Co” in the conditions of the Moscow region on Favorit and Sante varieties are presented. The results of the tests showed that the use of herbicides reduced the number of perennial weeds by 87,3% and annual weeds by 91,4 %. The prevalence of alternariasis on the date of the last accounting relative to the control (78,8%) decreased by 1,7 times, and the degree of development by 2,7 times, late blight – on the susceptible variety of the tops of Santa almost twice, and the degree of development by 3,4 times. The biological effectiveness against the Colorado beetle of preparations for pre-planting treatment was 96,9-100,0%, and for preparations during the growing season – 99,5-100,0%. The increase in gross and commercial yield on the Favorite variety was 56,3% and 58,2%, respectively, on the Santa variety – 31,4% and 32,8% compared to the control.

Continuous Practice of Conservation Agriculture for 3-5 Years Reduces Soil Weed Seedbanks Size in Intensive Rice-Based Cropping Patterns

When farmers first shift from conventional tillage (CT) to conservation agriculture (CA) practice the control of weeds may be more difficult due to the absence of tillage. However, in the longer term (3-5 years), CA changes to weed dynamics may alter the weed seedbank. The nature of weed seedbank changes over time in intensively cropped rice-based rotations, that are typical of the Eastern Gangetic Plain, are not well understood. Three long term CA experiments were sampled (at Rajbari after 3 years and Rajshahi after 5 years) for effects of decreased soil disturbance strip planting (SP) and bed planting (BP) at both sites and Zero tillage (ZT) at Rajbari, increased retention of standing residues of previous crops (20 vs 50 %). The weed seedbank in 0-15 cm soil was quantified by assessing emergence from trays a net-house experiment during January-December 2016. The year-round count of emerged weeds revealed the fewest number of weed species (especially broadleaf weeds) and lowest weed density in SP followed by CT, BP, and ZT with 50% crop residues. The SP, BP, and ZT produced a higher number of perennials weeds than annual weeds, which was the opposite of CT. The continuous practice of SP and increased crop residue retention for 3 or more years decreased the size of weed seedbank but increased the relative proliferation of perennial weeds compared to CT. Weed seedbank size in SP was even smaller than BP and ZT.

Effectiveness of successful application of herbicides ‘Chemical Glyphosate’ and ‘Himstop’ 330 against annual and perennial weeds in cotton fields of Uzbekistan

This article provides information on the effectiveness of successive application of herbicides chemical glyphosate (CG) (3 l/ha) and Himstop 330 (1.5 l/ha) against annual and perennial weeds in cotton fields. When Himstop 330 was used at a rate of 1.5 l/ha, the number of annual weeds was reduced by 84.6-90.4%. 14.5-17.9%. When CG 54% herbicide was applied at a rate of 3.0 l/ha, annuals were reduced by 16.5–19.4%, while perennials were reduced by 86.4–91.5%.CG, when applied in the fall at a rate of 3.0 l/ha, and Himstop 330, at a rate of 1.5 l/ha (in series) with the sowing of annual weeds 89.6-94.5%, perennials 88.2- Provides a loss of 92.6%.When CG was used separately at a rate of 3.0 l/ha and Himstop 330 at a rate of 1.5 l/ha, 3.25 q/ha more cotton was obtained than the control variant. CG (3.0 l/ha) and Himstop 330 (1.5 l/ha) herbicides when applied in series provide a high cotton yield of 5.2 q/ha per hectare.

Effects of continuous application of Samurai and Zellek Super herbicides on cotton fields against weeds in the conditions of Uzbekistan

This scientific article provides data on the effectiveness of successive application of herbicides against annual and perennial weeds in cotton fields on arable lands plowed with simple and two-sided plows. When the herbicide Samurai (1.5 l/ha) is applied separately, the annual weeds are effectively lost (86.8-90.2%), and have a weak effect on perennials. When Zellek Super (1.0 l/ha) herbicide is used separately, it has a weak effect on annuals (24.0-32.0%), effectively reducing weeds. Both perennial weeds (90.5-93.0%) and perennial weeds are effective when applied in series with Samurai (1.5 l/ha) and Zellek Super (1.0 l/ha) herbicides 88.9 -93.3% loss. Cotton yield will increase by 1.8-5.4 q/ha compared to the control option. Consecutive application of Samurai (1.5 l/ha) and Samurai (1.5 l/ha) and Zellek Super (1.0 l/ha) herbicides against annual and perennial weeds is recommended.