scholarly journals Tidally-induced Super Star Clusters in M82

2002 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 477-478
Author(s):  
R. de Grijs ◽  
R.W O'Connell ◽  
J.S. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Starburst Galaxy ◽  
Super Star Clusters ◽  
Disk Region

Using new HST imaging, we identify a large, evolved system of super star clusters in a disk region just outside the starburst core in the prototypical starburst galaxy M82, “M82 B.” This region has been suspected to be a fossil starburst site in which an intense episode of star formation occurred over 100 Myr ago, which is now confirmed by our derived age distribution. It suggests steady, continuing cluster formation at a modest rate at early times (> 2 Gyr ago), followed by a concentrated formation episode ∼ 600 Myr ago and more recent suppression of cluster formation. The peak episode coincides with independent dynamical estimates for the last tidal encounter with M81.

scholarly journals Massive Star Cluster Formation and Destruction in Luminous Infrared Galaxies in GOALS. II. An ACS/WFC3 Survey of Nearby LIRGs

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
S. T. Linden ◽  
A. S. Evans ◽  
K. Larson ◽  
G. C. Privon ◽  
L. Armus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Star Cluster ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Cluster Age

Abstract We present the results of a Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 near-UV and Advanced Camera for Surveys Wide Field Channel optical study into the star cluster populations of a sample of 10 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey. Through integrated broadband photometry we have derived ages, masses, and extinctions for a total of 1027 star clusters in galaxies with d L < 110 Mpc in order to avoid issues related to cluster bending. The measured cluster age distribution slope of dN / d τ ∝ τ − 0.5 + / − 0.12 is steeper than what has been observed in lower-luminosity star-forming galaxies. Further, differences in the slope of the observed cluster age distribution between inner- ( dN / d τ ∝ τ − 1.07 + / − 0.12 ) and outer-disk ( dN / d τ ∝ τ − 0.37 + / − 0.09 ) star clusters provide evidence of mass-dependent cluster destruction in the central regions of LIRGs driven primarily by the combined effect of strong tidal shocks and encounters with massive giant molecular clouds. Excluding the nuclear ring surrounding the Seyfert 1 nucleus in NGC 7469, the derived cluster mass function (CMF; dN / dM ∝ M α ) offers marginal evidence for a truncation in the power law at M t ∼ 2×106 M ⊙ for our three most cluster-rich sources, which are all classified as early stage mergers. Finally, we find evidence of a flattening of the CMF slope of dN / dM ∝ M − 1.42 ± 0.1 for clusters in late-stage mergers relative to early stage (α = −1.65 ± 0.02), which we attribute to an increase in the formation of massive clusters over the course of the interaction.

scholarly journals Star cluster formation and cloud dispersal by radiative feedback: dependence on metallicity and compactness

2020 ◽  
Vol 497 (3) ◽  
pp. 3830-3845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Fukushima ◽  
Hidenobu Yajima ◽  
Kazuyuki Sugimura ◽  
Takashi Hosokawa ◽  
Kazuyuki Omukai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Massive Stars ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Star Cluster ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Low Metallicity ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Dust Attenuation

ABSTRACT We study star cluster formation in various environments with different metallicities and column densities by performing a suite of 3D radiation hydrodynamics simulations. We find that the photoionization feedback from massive stars controls the star formation efficiency (SFE) in a star-forming cloud, and its impact sensitively depends on the gas metallicity Z and initial cloud surface density Σ. At Z = 1 Z⊙, SFE increases as a power law from 0.03 at Σ = 10 M⊙ pc−2 to 0.3 at $\Sigma = 300\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot }\, {\rm pc^{-2}}$. In low-metallicity cases $10^{-2}\!-\!10^{-1}\, \mathrm{Z}_{\odot }$, star clusters form from atomic warm gases because the molecule formation time is not short enough with respect to the cooling or dynamical time. In addition, the whole cloud is disrupted more easily by expanding H ii bubbles that have higher temperature owing to less efficient cooling. With smaller dust attenuation, the ionizing radiation feedback from nearby massive stars is stronger and terminate star formation in dense clumps. These effects result in inefficient star formation in low-metallicity environments: the SFE drops by a factor of ∼3 at Z = 10−2 Z⊙ compared to the results for Z = 1 Z⊙, regardless of Σ. Newborn star clusters are also gravitationally less bound. We further develop a new semi-analytical model that can reproduce the simulation results well, particularly the observed dependencies of the SFEs on the cloud surface densities and metallicities.

scholarly journals Magnifying the Early Episodes of Star Formation: Super Star Clusters at Cosmological Distances

2017 ◽  
Vol 842 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vanzella ◽  
M. Castellano ◽  
M. Meneghetti ◽  
A. Mercurio ◽  
G. B. Caminha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Super Star Clusters

scholarly journals The star formation histories of two Wolf-Rayet galaxies: NGC 1741 and He2-10. Two butterflies in a collection

1999 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 517-522
Author(s):  
Kelsey E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Super Star Clusters ◽  
Star Formation Histories ◽  
Compare And Contrast

In an effort to better understand how the properties of star formation in starburst galaxies depend on various environmental parameters, I present a comparison between two well-known WR galaxies: the interacting galaxy system NGC 1741 in the Hickson Compact Group 31, and the dwarf galaxy He2-10. The high spatial resolution of HST has allowed identification of a large number of starburst knots, or ‘super star clusters’ in these WR galaxies. Broad-band photometry and the latest stellar synthesis models are used to estimate the ages and masses of the super star clusters. The properties of the clusters are then used to compare and contrast the overall star-formation histories in the two WR galaxies.

scholarly journals Open, Massive and Globular Clusters — Part of the Same Family?

2002 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren S. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Young Star ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Cluster Systems ◽  
Physical Description ◽  
Super Star Clusters

Populations of young star clusters show significant differences even among “normal” disk galaxies. In this contribution I discuss how properties of young cluster systems are related to those of their host galaxies, based on a recent study of clusters in a sample of 22 nearby spiral galaxies. Luminous young clusters similar to the “super” star clusters observed in starbursts and mergers exist in several of these galaxies, and it is found that the luminosity of the brightest star cluster as well as the specific luminosity of the cluster systems both correlate well with the host galaxy star formation rate. When considering star clusters in different environments the traditional distinction between “open”, “massive” and “globular” clusters breaks down, underscoring the need for a universal physical description of cluster formation.

scholarly journals Tidal dwarf galaxies as laboratories of star formation and cosmology

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S237) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Alain Duc ◽  
Frédéric Bournaud ◽  
Médéric Boquien
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Star Formation ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Interacting Systems ◽  
Super Star Clusters ◽  
Tidal Tails

AbstractStar formation may take place in a variety of locations in interacting systems: in the dense core of mergers, in the shock regions at the interface of the colliding galaxies and even within the tidal debris expelled into the intergalactic medium. Along tidal tails, objects may be formed with masses ranging from those of super-star clusters to dwarf galaxies: the so-called Tidal Dwarf Galaxies (TDGs). Based on a set of multi-wavelength observations and extensive numerical simulations, we show how TDGs may simultaneously be used as laboratories to study the process of star-formation (SFE, IMF) in a specific environment and as probes of various cosmological properties, such as the distribution of dark matter and satellites around galaxies.

scholarly journals Modeling Formation of Globular Clusters: Beacons of Galactic Star Formation

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (S270) ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
Oleg Y. Gnedin
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Galaxy Formation ◽  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Giant Molecular Clouds ◽  
Early Galaxies ◽  
The Masses

AbstractModern hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy formation are able to predict accurately the rates and locations of the assembly of giant molecular clouds in early galaxies. These clouds could host star clusters with the masses and sizes of real globular clusters. I describe current state-of-the-art simulations aimed at understanding the origin of the cluster mass function and metallicity distribution. Metallicity bimodality of globular cluster systems appears to be a natural outcome of hierarchical formation and gradually declining fraction of cold gas in galaxies. Globular cluster formation was most prominent at redshifts z > 3, when massive star clusters may have contributed as much as 20% of all galactic star formation.

scholarly journals The SUNBIRD survey: characterizing the super star cluster populations of intensely star-forming galaxies

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (S316) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Zara Randriamanakoto ◽  
Petri Väisänen
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Star Clusters ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Star Cluster ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Star Forming

AbstractSuper star clusters (SSCs) represent the youngest and most massive form of known gravitationally bound star clusters in the Universe. They are born abundantly in environments that trigger strong and violent star formation. We investigate the properties of these massive SSCs in a sample of 42 nearby starbursts and luminous infrared galaxies. The targets form the sample of the SUperNovae and starBursts in the InfraReD (SUNBIRD) survey that were imaged using near-infrared (NIR) K-band adaptive optics mounted on the Gemini/NIRI and the VLT/NaCo instruments. Results from i) the fitted power-laws to the SSC K-band luminosity functions, ii) the NIR brightest star cluster magnitude − star formation rate (SFR) relation and iii) the star cluster age and mass distributions have shown the importance of studying SSC host galaxies with high SFR levels to determine the role of the galactic environments in the star cluster formation, evolution and disruption mechanisms.

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