Cetacean culture: Slippery when wet

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Kuczaj
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Many

Cetaceans are likely candidates for social learning and culture. Meager experimental evidence suggests that some cetaceans possess the requisite cognitive skills for social learning. Equally sparse ethnographic data provide clues about possible outcomes of social learning. Although the available evidence is consistent with the notion of culture in cetaceans, caution is warranted due to the many gaps in the data.

The Archaeology of the Extended Mind

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Sterelny
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Extended Mind ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Great Ape ◽  
Material Technology ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Skills

Our great ape cousins, and very likely the last common ancestor of the human and pan lineage, depend very largely on their own intrinsic capacities not just for material resources but also for their informational resources. Chimps and bonobos are capable of social learning, and very likely, in their foraging and their communicative practices, they do learn from their parents and peers. But everything they learn socially they could probably learn by themselves, by individual exploration learning. Their lives do not depend on social learning. And while they may learn about their physical and social environment from others, they do not learn how to learn. Humans are very different: for us, social learning is essential rather than optional. As a consequence, our cognitive capacities are amplified by our social environment, by our material technology, and by our capacities to learn cognitive skills, not just physical skills, from our social peers. This chapter charts the deep history of these changes and their archaeological signature.

scholarly journals Peran Keluarga Terhadap Perilaku Mahasiswa yang Mengkonsumsi Minuman Beralkohol di Kabupaten Jember

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Nina Ainur Rahma ◽  
Husni Abdul Gani ◽  
Mury Ririyanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Depth Interviews

Adolescents in the age range of 17-21 years are generally students, who are expected to have good cognitive skills and be able to solve problems effectively. Teenagers who are unable to solve problems sometimes do something that is harmful to themselves such as consuming alcoholic beverages. The role of the family such as parenting and family conditions is one of the causes of adolescents consuming alcoholic beverages. This study aims to determine the role of families in the behavior of students who consume alcoholic beverages in Jember Regency. The theory used by researchers is Social Learning from Bandura. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Determination of research informants using snowball techniques. Data collection uses in-depth interviews, documentation and passive participatory observation. Based on the results of the study it was found that the all-free parenting style, lack of trust given by parents to involve children in making decisions and ineffective time spent by parents for families so that children behave deviant.  Keywords: Family, teenagers, alcoholic drinks, social learning

Is cetacean social learning unique?

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent M. Janik
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Ethnographic Data

Studies on captive dolphins have shown that they are capable of social learning. However, ethnographic data are less conclusive and many examples given for social learning can be explained in other ways. Before we can claim that cetacean culture is unique we need more rigorous studies which are fortunately not as difficult as Rendell and Whitehead seem to think.

Nitrogen Excretion in Developing Chick Embryos

Development ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
James R. Fisher ◽  
Robert E. Eakin
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
The Many

Of the many examples of metabolic changes occurring during development, the most widely cited is that in developing chicks wherein the end product of nitrogen metabolism has been assumed to shift from ammonia to urea and finally to uric acid (Needham, 1931). This system appeared to be ideal for a proposed study of the mechanisms bringing about such changes in metabolism, providing the occurrence of these changes could be further substantiated. The experimental evidence upon which this pattern had been postulated consisted entirely of measurements of the total amounts of ammonia, urea, and uric acid in the allantois and the ratio of their total weights to the weight of the embryo. Nothing was reported concerning the changes in concentration of these substances nor their presence outside the allantois. Lack of this information makes it impossible to conclude that net synthesis occurs, particularly in the cases of ammonia and urea where the total amounts present are quite small.

Screening and Signaling Non-Cognitive Skills: Experimental Evidence from Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Bassi ◽  
Aisha Nansamba
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Assortative Matching ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Interviews ◽  
Credible Information

Abstract We study how employers and job-seekers respond to credible information on skills that are difficult to observe, and how this affects matching in the labor market. We experimentally vary whether certificates on workers’ non-cognitive skills are disclosed to both sides of the market during job interviews between young workers and small firms in Uganda. The certificates cause workers to increase their labor market expectations, while high-ability managers revise their assessments of the workers’ skills upwards. The reaction in terms of beliefs leads to an increase in positive assortative matching and to higher earnings for workers, conditional on employment.

scholarly journals Framing a Social Learning Space for Wheelchair Curling

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tiago Duarte ◽  
Diane M. Culver ◽  
Kyle Paquette
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Sport Organization ◽  
Organization Leadership ◽  
The Many ◽  
Different Levels

The purpose of this paper is to delineate how an intervention aimed at increasing the learning capability of Canadian wheelchair curling coaches was framed by a systems convener in collaboration with stakeholders from different levels. Social learning theory, in particular a landscape of practice perspective, provides the conceptual framework. The methodology was collaborative inquiry with people from across the landscape to delineate the intervention strategies through cycles of reflection and action. The participants included parasport coaches, researchers, and Curling Canada technical leaders. Based on preintervention findings, the intervention was driven by (a) the use of technology to overcome barriers and the implementation of learning activities at competitions, (b) the use of a collective learning map to promote meaningful learning, (c) the involvement of the sport organization leadership to promote the participation of influential people, and (d) a reflection of how subpar outcomes occurred when the systems convener failed to engage with the sport organization leadership. The discussion sheds light on the many roles of systems conveners and the importance of promoting strategic and enabling values. Sport organizations should engage a systems convener who can effectively align learning goals with the available resources and the strategic mission of the organization.

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