The Efficacy of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Post-Cesarean Section Endometritis

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Grossman Donowitz ◽  
Sandra M. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
University Of Virginia ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The University ◽  
Emergent Cesarean Section

AbstractEndometritis is an infectious complication in 9% to 65% of patients delivered by cesarean section. The risk of developing endometritis is greater in the high-risk emergent patient as compared to routine repeat abdominal deliveries. This study describes the incidence of endometritis following cesarean section delivery in different patient groups at the University of Virginia Hospital during a 1-year period and reviews the literature on the efficacy and risks of prophylactic antibiotics in this setting. Of patients not receiving antibiotic prophylaxis, 11 (<1%) of 1,461 normal spontaneous vaginal delivery patients, 7 (16.7%) of 42 repeat and 39 (29.8%) of 131 emergent cesarean section patients developed endometritis. This contrasts to none of the 24 emergent patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis. The literature review shows multiple prospective well-designed and executed studies that demonstrate reliable decreases in the incidence of endometritis with short course antibiotic prophylaxis. Our conclusion is that short course antibiotic prophylaxis is a safe, reproducible, cost-effective and indicated method of reducing the incidence of this costly and serious postoperative infection.

scholarly journals Prelabour Rupture of Membranes: Mode of Delivery and Outcome

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlora Ademi Ibishi ◽  
Rozalinda Dusan Isjanovska
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cephalopelvic Disproportion ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Failed Induction ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: Pre-labour Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and increased rate of cesarean section delivery. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics, PROM-delivery interval, mode of delivery, and early maternal neonatal outcome among pregnant patients presenting with pre-labour rupture of membranes.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective case control study is implemented at the Obstetric and Gynecology Clinic of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. The study included 100 pregnant patients presenting with prelabour rupture of membranes of which 63 were primigravida and 37 patients were multigravida.RESULTS: The incidence of cesarean section in this study is 28 % and the most common indications for cesarean delivery were fetal distress, malpresentation, cephalopelvic disproportion, and failed induction. The most common maternal complications in this study are chorioamnionitis, retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage. Neonatal infectious morbidity was present in 16 % of cases.CONCLUSION: PROM is a significant issue for obstetricians and an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and increased rate of cesarean section delivery.

Unwarranted Variability in Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cesarean Section Delivery

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 235-236
Author(s):  
Karthik Raghunathan ◽  
Neil Roy Connelly ◽  
Jennifer Friderici ◽  
Deborah Naglieri-Prescod ◽  
Ryan Joyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery

Unwarranted Variability in Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cesarean Section Delivery

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
K. Raghunathan ◽  
N.R. Connelly ◽  
J. Friderici ◽  
D. Naglieri-Prescod ◽  
R. Joyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery

Unwarranted Variability in Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cesarean Section Delivery

2013 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Raghunathan ◽  
Neil Roy Connelly ◽  
Jennifer Friderici ◽  
Deborah Naglieri-Prescod ◽  
Ryan Joyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery

scholarly journals Vaginal Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kizito Omona
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Assisted Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Birth Canal ◽  
Three Stages

Vaginal delivery refers to the birth of offspring in mammals or babies in humans, through the vagina, also known as the “birth canal”. It is the natural method of birth for most mammals excluding those which lay eggs. For women who deliver vaginally, childbirth progresses in three stages: labor, delivery of the baby and delivery of the placenta. There are two types of vaginal delivery: Unassisted vaginal delivery and assisted vaginal delivery. In the later, this assistance can vary from use of medicines to emergency delivery procedures. The following types of vaginal delivery have been noted; (a) Spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) (b) Assisted vaginal delivery (AVD), also called instrumental vaginal delivery (c) Induced vaginal delivery and (d) Normal vaginal delivery (NVD), usually used in statistics or studies to contrast with a delivery by cesarean section. Delivery of a full-term newborn occurs at a gestational age of 37–42 weeks, usually determined by the last menstrual period or ultrasonographic dating and evaluation. Nearly 80% of newborns are delivered at full term while approximately 10% of singleton pregnancies are delivered preterm and 10% of all deliveries are post-term.

Cost-effective use of antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section

1987 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry C. Ford ◽  
Hunter A. Hammil ◽  
Thomas B. Lebherz
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Use

Injector for a 100-500 kV Linac Electron Microscopy Source

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
John W. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Ion Trapping ◽  
University Of Virginia ◽  
Electron Injector ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Radio Corporation Of America ◽  
The University ◽  
Optical Integration

The injector to be described is a component in the Electron Injector-Linear Accelerator—Condenser Module for illumination used on the variable 100-500kV electron microscope being built at the Radio Corporation of America for the University of Virginia.The injector is an independently powered, autonomous unit, operating at a constant 6kV positive with respect to accelerator potential, thereby making beam current independent of accelerator potential. The injector provides for on-axis ion trapping to prolong filament lifetime, and incorporates a derived Einzel lens for optical integration into the overall illumination system for microscopy. Electrostatic beam deflectors for alignment are an integral part of the apparatus. The entire injector unit is cantilevered off a door for side loading, and is topped with a 4-filament turret released electrically but driven by a self-contained Negator spring motor.

scholarly journals Effect of leg wrapping technique on prevention of spinal induced hypotension and fetal acidosis during cesarean section: Randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Samah Nasser Abd El-Aziz El-Shora ◽  
Amina Mohamed Rashad El-Nemer
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Induced Hypotension ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wrapping Technique

Background and aim: Hypotension during cesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia has been a subject of scientific study for more than 50 years and the search for the most effective strategy to achieve hemodynamic stability remains challenging. Aim: The study was carried out to apply leg wrapping technique for the prevention of spinal-induced hypotension (SIH) during CS.Methods: Randomized Controlled Trial design was utilized at cesarean delivery operating room Mansoura General Hospital in El-Mansoura City during the period from May 2018 to November 2018. A purposive sample of 88 pregnant women, assigned randomly to an intervention group (n = 44) in which their legs wrapped with elastic crepe bandage and control group (n = 44) in which no wrapping was done. Data collected for maternal, neonatal hemodynamic and signs of hypotension, the feasibility of application and cost analysis.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of SIH and Ephedrine use among both groups (18.20% in leg wrapping group whereas 75% in control group). In addition, neonatal acidosis and NICU admission were less among leg wrapping group (11.40%, 9.10% respectively). Economically, leg wrapping technique was cost effective compared to the cost of the hospital regimen for treating SIH and admission to (NICU).Conclusion and recommendations: Leg wrapping technique was cost effective and an efficient method for decreasing SIH, neonatal acidosis and Ephedrine administration. It is recommended to apply leg wrapping technique in maternal hospitals' protocol of care for decreasing SIH during CS.

Re-thinking morbidity and mortality

Diagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumner Abraham ◽  
Andrew Parsons ◽  
Brian Uthlaut ◽  
Peggy Plews-Ogan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Dual Process Theory ◽  
Habits Of Mind ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
University Of Virginia ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The University

AbstractDespite the breadth of patient safety initiatives, physicians talking about their mistakes to other physicians is a difficult thing to do. This difficulty may be exacerbated by a limited exposure to how to analyze and discuss mistakes and respond in a productive way. At the University of Virginia, we recognized the importance of understanding cognitive biases for residents in both their clinical and personal professional development. We re-designed our resident led morbidity and mortality (M&M) conference using a model that integrates dual-process theory and metacognition to promote informed reflection and analysis of cognitive diagnostic errors. We believe that structuring M&M in this way builds a culture that encourages reflection together to learn our most difficult diagnostic errors and to engage in where our thought processes went wrong. In slowly building this culture, we hope to inoculate residents with the habits of mind that can best protect them from harmful biases in their clinical reasoning while instilling a culture of self-reflection.

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