Microcomputer Simulations of Presidential Elections

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
Robert S. Ross

Simulations have been an important adjunct to instructional programs for some time. These have ranged from games, or role playing exercises, such as SIMSOC or Internation Simulation, to student-machine interaction, such as the inter-school simulation run out of University of California, Santa Barbara in the early 70's, to the all machine activities found in some of the early SETUPS. Having social science students use the mainframe computer, however, always posed problems: it definitely was not user-friendly and most instructors had little if any training or interest in the use of large scale systems.The wide-spread use of the micro computer is not only revolutionizing areas traditionally relying upon the computer, but is going to have an impact on the social sciences as well.

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
Robert S. Ross

Simulations have been an important adjunct to instructional programs for some time. These have ranged from games, or role playing exercises, such as SIMSOC or Internation Simulation, to student-machine interaction, such as the inter-school simulation run out of University of California, Santa Barbara in the early 70's, to the all machine activities found in some of the early SETUPS. Having social science students use the mainframe computer, however, always posed problems: it definitely was not user-friendly and most instructors had little if any training or interest in the use of large scale systems.The wide-spread use of the micro computer is not only revolutionizing areas traditionally relying upon the computer, but is going to have an impact on the social sciences as well.


Author(s):  
Vinicius M. Netto ◽  
Edgardo Brigatti ◽  
João Meirelles ◽  
Fabiano Ribeiro ◽  
Bruno Pace ◽  
...  

From physics to the social sciences, information is now seen as a fundamental component of reality. However, a form of information seems still underestimated, perhaps precisely because it is so pervasive that we take it for granted: the information encoded in the very environment we live in. We still do not fully understand how information takes the form of cities, and how our minds deal with it in order to learn about the world, make daily decisions, and take part in the complex system of interactions we create as we live together. This paper addresses three related problems that need to be solved if we are to understand the role of environmental information: (1) the physical problem: how can we create and preserve information in the built environment? (2) The semantic problem: how do we make environmental information meaningful? And (3) the pragmatic problem: how do we enact environmental information in our lives? Attempting to devise a solution to these problems, it proposes a framework to approach how information bridges minds, environment and society, and helps us create large-scale systems of interaction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110201
Author(s):  
Thomas A. DiPrete ◽  
Brittany N. Fox-Williams

Social inequality is a central topic of research in the social sciences. Decades of research have deepened our understanding of the characteristics and causes of social inequality. At the same time, social inequality has markedly increased during the past 40 years, and progress on reducing poverty and improving the life chances of Americans in the bottom half of the distribution has been frustratingly slow. How useful has sociological research been to the task of reducing inequality? The authors analyze the stance taken by sociological research on the subject of reducing inequality. They identify an imbalance in the literature between the discipline’s continual efforts to motivate the plausibility of large-scale change and its lesser efforts to identify feasible strategies of change either through social policy or by enhancing individual and local agency with the potential to cumulate into meaningful progress on inequality reduction.


2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Vlasceanu ◽  
Karalyn Enz ◽  
Alin Coman

The formation of collective memories, emotions, and beliefs is a fundamental characteristic of human communities. These emergent outcomes are thought to be the result of a dynamical system of communicative interactions among individuals. But despite recent psychological research on collective phenomena, no programmatic framework to explore the processes involved in their formation exists. Here, we propose a social-interactionist approach that bridges cognitive and social psychology to illuminate how microlevel cognitive phenomena give rise to large-scale social outcomes. It involves first establishing the boundary conditions of cognitive phenomena, then investigating how cognition is influenced by the social context in which it is manifested, and finally studying how dyadic-level influences propagate in social networks. This approach has the potential to (a) illuminate the large-scale consequences of well-established cognitive phenomena, (b) lead to interdisciplinary dialogues between psychology and the other social sciences, and (c) be more relevant for public policy than existing approaches.


2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-127
Author(s):  
Maryam Rutner

AbstractThis survey examines the content and purpose of the political science discipline in respect to seven prominent universities in Iran and its significance for the Iranian society. It is based on quantitative and qualitative data including personal interviews and survey results, as well as theses conducted by political science students, academic articles written by scholars in the field, and university curricula. The survey suggests that Iranian political science after the 1979 revolution addresses contemporary political problems and challenges related to Iran only to a limited extent, and is predominantly theoretical and “borrowed” in nature, despite the goal during the Cultural Revolution to indigenize and Islamicize the social sciences.


2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
Catherine Morgan

Over the past year the School has delivered a rich and varied research programme combining a range of projects in antiquity, spanning the Palaeolithic to Byzantine periods, science-based archaeology to epigraphy (including the work of the Fitch Laboratory and the Knossos Research Centre), with research in sectors from the fine arts to history and the social sciences (see Map 2).At Knossos, new investigation in the suburb of Gypsadhes, directed by Ioanna Serpetsedaki (23rd EPCA), Eleni Hatzaki (Cincinnati), Amy Bogaard (Oxford) and Gianna Ayala (Sheffield), forms part of Oxford University's ERC-funded project Agricultural Origins of Urban Civilisation. The Gypsadhes excavation features large-scale bioarchaeological research, aimed at providing the fine-grained information necessary to reconstruct the Knossian economy through time.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Delfín Ortega-Sánchez

The most recent scientific literature on the treatment of social problems or controversial social questions in the social sciences classroom and their inclusion into curricula emphasizes the need to introduce students into large-scale social debates where different points of view exist, different interests are at stake, and where it is desirable that they construct their own opinions in that respect from a critical and reasoned perspective [...]


Author(s):  
Susan Visvanathan

This paper is concerned with the way energy requirements in the last three decades have seen a response from local communities who wish to express their love and longing for traditional occupations. Agriculture is a multi-faceted representation, and riverine civilisations have epitomised the relation between land, labour and production not just as a relation with technology and culture, but also in terms of the symbols of the sacred. With large scale over utilisation of resources and a lack of vision, the rivers are polluted. People’s movements draw on the work of scientists and those working in the Arts, including the Humanities and the Social Sciences to draw attention to the way in which petitions and protests communicate that politics is not merely about imposing ‘the good vision from above’ but is an interplay between the political, the legal, the socio-religious, the secular and the economic. In a democracy, politics is essentially about dialogue, and the rate of industrialisation may well be mediated by the power of the greens and environment movements, which have learnt their lessons from genocide of peasantry and tribals, and the mass exploitation of the resources of nature. The Sociologist attempts to document some of the shifts and evolving positions in this ongoing debate in India.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Anna Marina ◽  
Warsidi ◽  
Sentot Imam Wahjono ◽  
Sabri Balafif ◽  
Tri Kurniawati

This study aims to determine the interest of Islamic hospitals in East Java in choosing the sharia sofware application “SI AISAH” from the Sharia Accounting Information System Service Centre (PLJSIAS) University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya. This research is a quantitative research using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software IBM SPSS version 23. The variables used ini this study are: Sharia, User Safety, Prices, and User Friendly. The population in this study were the leader and employees of Islamic hospital in East Java  who were involved with the use of this sofware. Sampling using random sampling tehnique, with a total sample of 105 respondents. The results of the analysis show that the factors that influence the decision of Islamic hospitals in East Java to choose the “SI AISAH” software applicatin from PLJSIAS UMSurabaya are: Sharia (X1), User Safety (X2), Prices (X3), and User Friendly (X4). These four factors influence the decision of Islamic hospitals in East Java in choosing the “SI AISAH” software application only 69,9%, while the remaining 30,1% in influenced by other factor, and the most significants factor is the sharia factor (X1).


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