Life and death in the South Atlantic

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Danchev

Hold hard. Ten years on, the second wave is about to break. The ultimate Channel 4 documentary series is already in the can. It seems that the tributary of personal reminiscence from high and low (but chiefly high) has not run dry after all Recollected in tranquillity, it turns turbulent once more—as witness the fascinating collective testimony elicited by Michael Charlton in The Little Platoon (1989), at once pointer and landmark for the new wave. Already we have the Carrington memoirs, the Whitelaw memoirs, and even that most unlikely artefact, the Tebbit memoirs. From Washington come the Haig memoirs and the Weinberger memoirs, not to mention a shoal of smaller fry. Our man in Buenos Aires author of a prophetic complaint about the typical British approach to the Falklands, that is, ‘to have no strategy at all beyond a general Micawberism’ talked at length to Michael Charlton and to Peter Kosminsky (for the excellent Yorkshire TV documentary ‘Falklands—The Untold Story’). Our men in Washington and at the UN, both writers of distinction, have published revealing accounts of their stewardships. These British accounts can now be matched against the waspish reflections of Jeane Kirkpatrick, the dissentient US Representative at the UN, an exercise full of interpersonal and international interest. The generals and admirals of each side continue to be remarkably forthcoming, in one case from prison, in the other from retirement—such are the spoils of war.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Barbosa ◽  
Mauricio Camilo ◽  
Carlos Almeida ◽  
Guilherme Amaral ◽  
Nuno Dias ◽  
...  

<p>The marine boundary layer offers a unique opportunity to investigate the electrical properties of the atmosphere, as the effect of natural radioactivity in driving near surface ionization is significantly reduced over the ocean, and the concentration of aerosols is also typically lower than over land. This work addresses the temporal variability of the atmospheric electric field in the South Atlantic marine boundary layer based on measurements from the SAIL (Space-Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions in the marine boundary Layer) project. The SAIL monitoring campaign took place on board the Portuguese navy tall ship NRP Sagres during its circumnavigation expedition in 2020.  Two identical field mills (CS110, Campbell Scientific) were installed on the same mast but at different heights (about 5 and 22 meters), recording the atmospheric electric field every 1-second. Hourly averages of the atmospheric electric field are analyzed for the ship’s leg from 3<sup>rd</sup> to 25<sup>th</sup> March, between Buenos Aires (South America) and Cape Town (South Africa). The median daily curve of the electric field has a shape compatible with the Carnegie curve, but significant variability is found in the daily pattern of individual days, with only about 30% of the days exhibiting a diurnal pattern consistent with the Carnegie curve.</p>


Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1369 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
SULA SALANI ◽  
TITO M.D.C. LOTUFO ◽  
EDUARDO HAJDU

Sigmaxinella cearense sp. nov. is described here on the basis of a single specimen collected in 2004 at Parque Estadual Marinho da Pedra da Risca do Meio, off Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. This is the first record of Sigmaxinella for the Atlantic Ocean. The new species differs from the other eleven Sigmaxinella species by the absence of raphides/microxea, and is the only species with a single category of styles as megascleres (mean length 435µm, mean width 12µm), and sigmas (mean length 21µm). The new species appears to be closer to Australian species of Sigmaxinella, on the basis of overall spicule morphology (mainly dimensions and categories of megascleres). This could be suggestive of a transpacific track for the colonization of the South Atlantic, instead of the shorter Agulhas track.Key words: Sigmaxinella, taxonomy, Parque Estadual da Pedra da Risca do Meio, sponge, new species, sandstone reef, Brazil


2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN ARQUILLA ◽  
MARÍA MOYANO RASMUSSEN

The most widely-accepted views of the origins of the South Atlantic War contend that it arose either out of the Argentine junta's need to divert attention away from a worsening economy or from misperceptions in both London and Buenos Aires. This article argues that the ‘demobilisation’ of Argentine civil society removed the need for a diversionary war; and that the lengthy crisis bargaining that followed in the wake of the ‘grab’ of the Falklands/Malvinas Islands substantially mitigated the impact of any misperceptions. This article advances an alternative to existing theories that explains the outbreak of this war by reference to both structural and organisational factors. A fast decreasing gap in relative power between Argentina and Britain may have encouraged the junta more seriously to consider the possibility of initiating a war between the two. Thereafter, however, the organisational pathologies of the Argentine military led to a suboptimally timed preemptive invasion, intransigent diplomacy and a ‘hedged’ approach to deployments that severely undermined Argentina's military effectiveness, allowing Britain to undertake reconquest of the islands with a very reasonable chance of success.


1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Lawrence Nevins

One goal among many of the Quadros administration's independent foreign policy was building a new relationship with Africa. The dramatic appearance of numerous independent states on the other shore of the South Atlantic, as well as Brazil's social and intellectual traditions, made this a particularly appealing ideal. It was at that time, in 1961, that the distinguished historian, José Honório Rodrigues, published África e Brasil: Outro Horizonte, a book written to illustrate the nearly four centuries of mutual influences between Brazil and Africa, and to urge the resumption of cultural and political relations.


The palaeomagnetism of Ordovician and Devonian and Carboniferous sedimentary rock formations exposed in Bolivia has been studied. It is deduced that the south palaeomagnetic pole was situated in the Guianas in the Middle Palaeozoic, and in the south Atlantic, about half way between the present positions of Buenos Aires and Cape Town in the Carboniferous.


Author(s):  
Sérgio Gonçalves De Amorim

Brazil successfully proposed the creation of the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone in 1986, gathering countries of South America and Africa aind aiming to stop the spreading of nuclear weapons within the region, and its consequent militarization. In 1999, the Brazilian Intelligence System (SISBIN) was created as part of a process of democratization of Brazilian society. However, considerering the respective historical and institutional contexts of these two initiatives, there is no effective convergence between them yet. On one side, there is a diversity of sometimes conflicting interests between countries part of ZOPACAS, with their societies' internal and external demands; on the other, the Brazilian perspective, SISBIN still does not reflect an integrated action of Brazil in the field of strategic intelligence outside the country's limits, especially in the South Atlantic.


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