scholarly journals Ice Accretion Under Natural and Laboratory Conditions

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
K. Itagaki ◽  
G. E. Lemieux ◽  
H. W. Bosworth
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Possible Cause

To compare results of icing studies conducted in wind tunnels with natural icing conditions, a series of rotor icing studies were made on top of Mt. Washington, New Hampshire. The results indicated that considerable differences exist between the two under conditions of similar liquid water content and temperature. The wet-to-dry growth transition temperature, for instance, with comparable temperature and liquid water content, may be more than 10°C higher under natural conditions than in wind tunnel studies. The possible cause of such discrepancies was found to be the vapor saturation existing in most laboratory experiments. The transition temperature of ice accretion measured in natural fog on board an aircraft agreed better with the results of the Mt. Washington study.

scholarly journals Ice Accretion Under Natural and Laboratory Conditions

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
K. Itagaki ◽  
G. E. Lemieux ◽  
H. W. Bosworth
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Possible Cause

To compare results of icing studies conducted in wind tunnels with natural icing conditions, a series of rotor icing studies were made on top of Mt. Washington, New Hampshire. The results indicated that considerable differences exist between the two under conditions of similar liquid water content and temperature. The wet-to-dry growth transition temperature, for instance, with comparable temperature and liquid water content, may be more than 10°C higher under natural conditions than in wind tunnel studies. The possible cause of such discrepancies was found to be the vapor saturation existing in most laboratory experiments. The transition temperature of ice accretion measured in natural fog on board an aircraft agreed better with the results of the Mt. Washington study.

Transient atmospheric ice accretion on wind turbine blades

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-606
Author(s):  
Galal M Ibrahim ◽  
Kevin Pope ◽  
Yuri S Muzychka
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Median Volume ◽  
Blade Section

This article aims to predict ice loads on a wind turbine blade section at 80% of blade span, using FENSAP ICE. Using low and high liquid water content conditions of stratiform and cumuliform clouds, different icing events are simulated. Ice accretion predictions with single-shot and multi-shot approaches are presented. Blade surface roughness is also investigated, as well as the relationships between ice mass, liquid water content, median volume diameter, and temperature.

scholarly journals Icing on a Non-Rotating Cylinder Under Conditions of High Liquid Water Content in the Air: I. Form and Size of Ice Deposits

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (110) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouko Launiainen ◽  
Markku Lyyra
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Time Development ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
External Effects ◽  
High Liquid Water Content

AbstractIce accretion on a non-rotating cylinder was studied under icing conditions involving a wet-growth (glaze) process. Experiments were performed in an outdoor wind tunnel designed for icing studies. In this paper, the experimental method is introduced and the characteristics of form, size, and time development of deposits are given. In terms of freezing conditions, these characteristics were found to be very complex, in which all the external effects: air temperature, wind conditions, liquid water content in the air, and accretion time, are of the same order of importance. In a wet-growth process there exists above the icing surface a water film, the behaviour and dynamics of which are affected by various variables. The water film seems to play an important role in the wet-growth icing.

EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF ICE ACCRETION ON AIRFOIL

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
FANXIN MENG ◽  
WEIJIAN CHEN ◽  
DALIN ZHANG ◽  
HUI MA
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Wing Model ◽  
Aluminum Cylinder ◽  
Ice Shapes ◽  
Coated Slide

Open Circuit Icing Research Tunnel was developed to test the ice shape under simulated icing conditions. Standard icing blade technique was used to measure liquid water content (LWC) in the icing tunnel test section. The uniformity of liquid water content was assessed by accreting ices on aluminum cylinder bars. Mean volumetric diameter (MVD) of the spray cloud was determined by soot-coated slide and verified through the limits of impingement. Ice accretion tests were performed on a NACA0012 wing model in typical rime and glaze conditions. Results were compared to ice shapes numerically predicted by Messinger method in the same conditions. It is indicated that good overall agreement is achieved in both icing shape and impingement limit.

scholarly journals Icing on a Non-Rotating Cylinder Under Conditions of High Liquid Water Content in the Air: I. Form and Size of Ice Deposits

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (110) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Jouko Launiainen ◽  
Markku Lyyra
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Time Development ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
External Effects ◽  
High Liquid Water Content

AbstractIce accretion on a non-rotating cylinder was studied under icing conditions involving a wet-growth (glaze) process. Experiments were performed in an outdoor wind tunnel designed for icing studies. In this paper, the experimental method is introduced and the characteristics of form, size, and time development of deposits are given. In terms of freezing conditions, these characteristics were found to be very complex, in which all the external effects: air temperature, wind conditions, liquid water content in the air, and accretion time, are of the same order of importance. In a wet-growth process there exists above the icing surface a water film, the behaviour and dynamics of which are affected by various variables. The water film seems to play an important role in the wet-growth icing.

scholarly journals The effect of droplet size and liquid water content on ice accretion and aerodynamic coefficients of tower legs

2013 ◽  
Vol 132-133 ◽  
pp. 362-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Banitalebi Dehkordi ◽  
M. Farzaneh ◽  
P. Van Dyke ◽  
L.E. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Aerodynamic Coefficients

scholarly journals Proof of Concept: Development of Snow Liquid Water Content Profiler Using CS650 Reflectometers at Caribou, ME, USA

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Pérez Díaz ◽  
Jonathan Muñoz ◽  
Tarendra Lakhankar ◽  
Reza Khanbilvardi ◽  
Peter Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Proof Of Concept

Field Measurement of the Liquid-Water Content of Snow

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (95) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Field Trials

Abstract Field trials show that the liquid-water content of snow can be determined simply and cheaply by a version of Bader’s solution method.

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