Female entrepreneurship as a survival strategy: women during the early mechanisation of corn tortilla production in Mexico City

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-103
Author(s):  
Aurora Gómez-Galvarriato
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Gender Wage Gap ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Survival Strategy ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Corn Tortilla

AbstractUntil the nineteenth -century tortilla production was carried out by women through rudimentary methods. New technology for corn milling spread during the 1910s, coinciding with the Mexican Revolution. The analysis of nixtamal corn mills and tortilla shops in Mexico City in 1924 shows that the mechanisation of milling led to masculinisation and an increase in the gender wage gap. However, since tortilla-making remained unmechanised, it allowed hundreds of women to establish tortilla shops that mostly hired women. Their entrepreneurship can be considered a survival strategy of women confronting a technological change in an era of political, social and economic turmoils.

scholarly journals Nineteenth Century Urban Labor Precursors of the Mexican Revolution: The Development of an Ideology

1974 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Urban Labor ◽  
New City

Mexican industrialization, which began during the second half of the nineteenth century, was paralleled by the appearance of an urban labor movement. Industrialization resulted in a sudden concentration of new workers from the countryside in a few urban areas—especially Mexico City. Living conditions for the new city dwellers were generally intolerable and were compounded by chronic economic and political instability. Crowning the laborer's difficulty were the almost impossible working conditions in the new factories. The working class, virtually in self-defense, began to organize. Because the urban labor movement during the last third of the nineteenth century was a prelude to similar and more famous developments during the violent years of the early twentieth century, analysis of its causes, nature, and significance is essential for understanding an important aspect of the Mexican Revolution.

The Militarization of Mexico, 1913-1914

1971 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
Ciudad Juarez ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

THE Mexican Revolution was almost two and a half years old when General Victoriano Huerta captured the presidential chair. The chaotic period between November, 1910 and February, 1913 witnessed an ever-increasing militarization of the country which just a few years earlier had prided itself as the most stable republic and lucrative investment field in Latin America. When the military campaigns of the anti-Díaz movement began to assume serious proportions early in 1911, the government in Mexico City set out to increase at once the size and efficiency of the federal army and the rurales. Although Díaz efforts were for naught, the preparations themselves augured ominously for the immediate future. When the rebel general Pascual Orozco captured Ciudad Juárez in May of 1911, the die was cast. A small but effective revolutionary army, adept at guerrilla warfare, had humbled a professional fighting force schooled in the nineteenth-century German tradition.

The Impact of a Sustained Gender Wage Gap on the Australian Economy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Cassells ◽  
Yogi Vidyattama ◽  
Riyana Miranti ◽  
Justine McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Gender Wage Gap ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Australian Economy ◽  
The Impact

Capital californiano, necesidad presupuestal y cambio político: Juan Temple y el arrendamiento de la Casa de Moneda de México, 1827–1857

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-351
Author(s):  
Omar Velasco Herrera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Government

Durante la primera mitad del siglo xix, las necesidades presupuestales del erario mexicano obligaron al gobierno a recurrir al endeudamiento y al arrendamiento de algunas de las casas de moneda más importantes del país. Este artículo examina las condiciones políticas y económicas que hicieron posible el relevo del capital británico por el estadounidense—en estricto sentido, californiano—como arrendatario de la Casa de Moneda de México en 1857. Asimismo, explora el desarrollo empresarial de Juan Temple para explicar la coyuntura política que hizo posible su llegada, y la de sus descendientes, a la administración de la ceca de la capital mexicana. During the first half of the nineteenth century, the budgetary needs of the Mexican treasury forced the government to resort to borrowing and leasing some of the most important mints in the country. This article examines the political and economic conditions that allowed for the replacement of British capital by United States capital—specifically, Californian—as the lessee of the Mexican National Mint in 1857. It also explores the development of Juan Temple’s entrepreneurship to explain the political circumstances that facilitated his admission, and that of his descendants, into the administration of the National Mint in Mexico City.

Sociability Capital and Gender Wage Gap

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Sahni ◽  
Suresh Lazarus Paul
Keyword(s):  
Gender Wage Gap ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
And Gender
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