scholarly journals Dissolving Decision Making? Models and Their Roles in Decision-Making Processes and Policy at Large

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragna Zeiss ◽  
Stans van Egmond
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
The Political ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Scientific Environment

ArgumentThis article studies the roles three science-based models play in Dutch policy and decision making processes. Key is the interaction between model construction and environment. Their political and scientific environments form contexts that shape the roles of models in policy decision making. Attention is paid to three aspects of the wider context of the models: a) the history of the construction process; b) (changes in) the political and scientific environments; and c) the use in policy processes over longer periods of time. Models are more successfully used when they are constructed in astablepolitical and scientific environment. Stability and certainty within a scientific field seems to be a key predictor for the usefulness of models for policy making. The economic model is more disputed than the ecology-based model and the model that has its theoretical foundation in physics and chemistry. The roles models play in policy processes are too complex to be considered as straightforward technocratic powers.

Policy Making Is Decision Making: A Response to Hattam

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
John D. Skrentny
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The Political ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
History Of ◽  
Policy Decision Making

How should we explain politics and policymaking in one of the most tumultuous and active periods in the history of the American state? Victoria Hattam and I approach the same topic from different starting points and with different goals. While she argues for attention to grass roots mobilization, I look to the policymaking process. I believe the study of policy change should begin at the center of power, where policy decision-making takes place, and should assume nothing about the relevance or role of the political grass roots. Policymakers themselves are always part of the story of policymaking. Grass roots groups are sometimes key actors, yet their impact on policymaking must be demonstrated, not assumed. Assessing this impact and understanding policy development also requires examining cases of failure along with cases of success, and I believe Hattam's neglect of the comparative framework in my book leads her analysis astray.

scholarly journals Missing in Analysis: Women in Foreign Policy–Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Karen E Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Decision Making

Abstract Foreign policy analysis (FPA) opens the “black box” of the state and provides explanations of how and why foreign policy decisions are made, which puts individuals and groups (from committees to ministries) at the center of analysis. Yet the sex of the decision-maker and the gendered nature of the decision-making process have generally been left out of the picture. FPA has not addressed questions regarding the influence of women in foreign policy decision-making processes or the effects of gender norms on decision-making; indeed, FPA appears to be almost entirely gender-free. This article argues that “gendering” FPA is long overdue and that incorporating gender into FPA frameworks can provide a richer and more nuanced picture of foreign policy–making.

scholarly journals Legitimacy from Decision-Making Influence and Outcome Favourability: Results from General Population Survey Experiments

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 146-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sveinung Arnesen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Micro Foundations

Democracies are typically considered more legitimate than other types of regimes because they allow the citizens to participate in the policy decision-making process. Others argue that the policy output matters most, and citizen influence plays a lesser role. This study presents two survey experiments on the micro foundations of these two sources of political legitimacy, thus contributing to an emerging literature that experimentally investigates the effects of democratic procedures in small-scale settings. Respondents who saw the decision going in their favour found the decision much more acceptable than the respondents who preferred another outcome. Conversely, decision-making influence generally did not serve as a legitimising factor among the respondents. This result supports the argument that citizens prefer a stealth democracy where they are minimally involved in democratic decision-making processes.

Foreign Policy Decision-Making

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Blankshain
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Interpersonal Dynamics ◽  
The Us ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Decision Making

The study of foreign policy decision-making seeks to understand how states formulate and enact foreign policy. It views foreign policy as a series of decisions made by particular actors using specific decision-making processes. The origins of this focus on decision-making are generally traced to the 1950s and 1960s, with the literature increasing in complexity and diversity of approaches in more recent decades. Foreign policy decision-making is situated within foreign policy analysis (a subfield of international relations subfield), which applies theories and methods from an array of disciplines—political science, public administration, economics, psychology, sociology—to understand how states make foreign policy, and how these policies translate into geopolitical outcomes. The literature on foreign policy decision-making is often subdivided based on assumptions about the process by which actors make foreign policy decisions—primarily falling into rational and nonrational decision-making; about who is assumed to make the decision—states, individuals, groups, or organizations; and about the influences believed to be most important in affecting those decisions—international factors, domestic political factors, interpersonal dynamics, etc. While much of the literature focuses on foreign policy decision-making in the United States, there have been attempts to apply models developed in the US context to other states, as well as to generate generalizable theories about foreign policy decision-making that apply to certain types of states.

scholarly journals Cancer patients’ organisation participation in heath policy decision-making: a snapshot/cluster analysis of the EU-28 countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e018896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriakos Souliotis ◽  
Lily-Evangelia Peppou ◽  
Chara Tzavara ◽  
Eirini Agapidaki ◽  
Dimitrios Varvaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Health Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
The Eu

ObjectivesEven though patient involvement in health policy decision-making is well documented, studies evaluating the degree and impact of this participation are scarce. This is even more conspicuous in the case of cancer. There is evidence showing that patients with the same type of cancer and at the same stage of the disease will receive different treatments in different countries. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the degree of patient participation in health policy decision-making across Europe, as it may result in health inequalities across countries. In a response to this research call, the present study aimed to provide a snapshot of cancer patients’ organisation (CPO) participation in health policy processes in European Union (EU)-28 countries.SettingCPOs from the EU-28 countries.ParticipantsPrimary and secondary outcome measures: information about participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and their involvement in their CPO was collected as well as data about the CPO. A 17-item index containing questions about the type and impact of participation in various facets of health policy decision-making was used to assess the degree of CPOs participation in health policy decision-making processes and its impact.

Taking a policy process approach to illuminate the political nature of disability policymaking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Giordono
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Process Approach ◽  
Disability Policy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
Policy Decision Making

Background: In an era of increased polarisation, identity politics and growing reliance on using evidence to make disability policy decisions – evidence-based policymaking – how much do we know about the process by which disability policy decisions are made and the use of evidence therein?Aims and objectives: The objective of this Practice Paper is to introduce key policy process frameworks, highlight connections between models of disability and the policy process, and identify opportunities for disability scholars, analysts and advocates to use a policy process approach.Key conclusions: Wider use of policy process frameworks can enhance our understanding of the political nature of the disability policy decision-making process and conditions that influence how evidence is used to inform disability policy.<br />Key Messages<br /><ul><li>A policy process approach to research can enhance our understanding of the political nature of disability policy decision making;</li><br /><li>Policy process frameworks are compatible with a variety of disability models;</li><br /><li>Disability-focused policy process studies offer an opportunity for scholars, analysts and advocates to improve our understanding of disability policy and the use of evidence in policymaking.</li></ul>

After the Candles Were Extinguished

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Seo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Civic Organizations ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Decision Making

This chapter covers several issues South Korea has dealt with following President Park’s removal from office: the election of Moon Jae-in as president in May 2017, pro-Park groups’ anti-government rallies, and a public divide on potentially pardoning Park in 2021. In addition, it considers citizens’ evaluations of the impeachment candlelight vigils three years after Park’s impeachment. There is now a growing sense that the momentum for change ignited by the vigils may have been lost and that real systemic change has not been achieved. This chapter looks at how some actors within society are striving to sustain momentum for social change. While political parties and civic organizations in South Korea are experimenting with different strategies to engage citizens, some people are already demanding new forms of participatory democracy. Grass-roots organizations such as WAGL and Parti Co-op have emerged to design and implement alternative ways of incorporating citizens’ direct participation in policy decision-making processes.

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