scholarly journals Depressive Syndromes in Dementia

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
pp. S83-S95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
Bernard Groulx
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Iatrogenic Effects ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Subject Categories ◽  
Specialist Treatment ◽  
Depressive Syndromes

Background:Depressive syndromes in dementia are common, treatment is challenging and controlled intervention studies are small in number. The goal of this paper is to review known information about the etiology, epidemiology and treatment of these syndromes, as summarized at the recent Canadian Consensus Conference on Dementia.Methods:A number of Medline searches were performed (most recently updated in October 2000) using the subject categories dementia and depression, or apathy or emotional lability and other relevant articles were also reviewed. The background article was edited and amended at the Consensus Conference on Dementia. Final recommendations appearing in the summary article by Patterson et al were accepted by the group consensus process. Clinical discussion and informational updates were added for the current text by the authors.Results:Depressive syndromes, ranging in severity from isolated symptoms to full depressive disorders, increase in dementia. While clear-cut depressive disorder is increased in this population, sub-syndromal disorders are even more common and cause considerable distress. Antidepressant treatment may improve the quality of life in depressed, demented people, although it is less successful than in those without cognitive impairment and carries more risk of iatrogenic effects.Conclusion:Physicians should be alert to the presence of depressive syndromes in dementia. Depressive illness should be treated and, when necessary, referral should be made to an appropriate specialist. Treatment must minimize iatrogenic effects. Although there is some support for treatment of syndromes that do not meet criteria for depressive disorder or dysthymia, the first line of intervention in these situations should involve nonpharmacological approaches.

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of depressive disorder in Saada in Yemen

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2193-2193
Author(s):  
A.Y. Shuwail
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Global Burden Of Diseases ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Suicidal Ideas

BackgroundDepression has been recognized as a major public health evidenced by its ranking of fourth position among the global burden of diseases. Many believe it will occupy second position by the year 2020. This is the first study in Saada and Yemen.Aims of the studyTo determine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristic of depressive disorders in Saada country.MethodsPatients who attended the medical OPD in general hospital during six month and consented to participate in this were screened with Hospital Anxiety and Depressive Scale (HAD). Identified depressed patients were studied and results were analysis.Results714 patients attended, 20 refused to participate. 694 patients were screened by HAD Scale. 438(63%) were men. 21% were borderline and only 16% fulfilled the score for depression.72.3 suffer from loss of appetite, 50% from fatigue, 50% from loss of interest, 21% from suicidal ideas, 41% sleep disturbance and 12% of guilt feeling. 28% suffered from dizziness, 23% of gasterointestinal symptoms, and 16% from aches and pains. There was statistically significant difference between major depressive disorder and mixed anxiety and depressive disorder in that women were more. There was a trend towards statistical significance (P = 0.054) between delusions and qat chewing. There was no statistical significance with hallucination and qat chewing. Results were analysed and compared with other local and international studies.ConclusionMild depressive illness is more common in women, there was no impact of qat on depression, loss of appetite was the most common symptom. These finding are consistent with other local studies.

Novel Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (S5) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Lydiard
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Treatment Alternatives

Data from a variety of studies, including the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, have shown that fewer patients achieve remission from symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other depressive disorders after taking the first-prescribed antidepressant treatment than was expected. The goal of treatment is true remission: the complete absence of symptoms. Achieveing less than true remission is associated with MDD recurrence and continued impairment.

The Goldman Consensus statement on depression in multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
National Multiple Sclerosis Society ◽  
Depressive Syndromes

Background. In January 2002 the New York City Chapter of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society convened a panel of experts to review the issue of depressive affective disorders associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). This Consensus Conference was supported by a grant from the Goldman family of New York City. Results. The panel reviewed summaries of current epidemiologic, neurobiologic, and therapeutic studies having to do with depressive disorders among MS patient populations. Depressive disorders occur at high rates among patients with MS, and there is reason to believe that the immunopathology of the disease is involved in the clinical expression of affective disorders. The depressive syndromes of MS have a major, negative impact on quality of life for MS sufferers, but are treatable. At the present time, most MS patients with depression do not receive adequate recognition and treatment. Conclusions. The Goldman Consensus Conference Study Group provides recommendations for improved screening, diagnosis, and clinical management for depressive affective disorders among patients suffering from MS.

scholarly journals Depression in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Borges Gonçalves ◽  
Fernando Cendes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comorbidity of depressive disorders in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHOD: We evaluated 25 consecutive patients with refractory TLE (16 women and 9 men), using semi-structured psychiatric interviews, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), and the Beck Depression Inventory. RESULTS: Seventeen of 25 patients (68%) had depressive disorder: 6 with dysthymia, three with major depressive episodes and 8 with recurrent depressive disorders. Two (8%) were diagnosed with mixed anxiety and depression. Only 5 of 17 patients (29.4%) were previously diagnosed with depressive disorder and received prior antidepressant treatment. Duration of epilepsy was significantly higher in patients with depressive disorder (p=0.016), but there was no relationship between depression and seizure frequency. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that depressive disorders are common and underdiagnosed in patients with TLE refractory to AEDs. Patients with longer duration of epilepsy are at higher risk of having depression.

Fluoxetine vs Amitriptyline in the Treatment of Depressed Out-patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (S3) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Laakmann ◽  
D. Blaschke ◽  
R. Engel ◽  
A. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Benzodiazepine Derivatives ◽  
Blind Comparison ◽  
Depressive Syndromes ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities

As a result of research in recent years, therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of depressive illnesses have been significantly expanded. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and selective noradrenaline (e.g. oxaprotiline) or serotonin-reuptake inhibiting (e.g. fluoxetine, fluvoxamine) substances have been added to the classical tricyclic antidepressants, whose mode of action is primarily based upon combined noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibition. Furthermore, the extent to which benzodiazepine derivatives or neuroleptics can be successfully used at low dosages for the treatment of depressive illness is currently being investigated.For these compounds to be used in an individualised manner, however, agreed diagnostic criteria must be taken into consideration, as well as other factors such as the severity and type of depressive syndrome (mild, marked, or severe, retarded or agitated). For example, the benzodiazepine derivative alprazolam has a therapeutic efficacy comparable to amitriptyline for the treatment of milder depressive syndromes, but is significantly less effective for a severe depressive disorder.We undertook a study of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (Wong et al, 1974, 1975), in a double-blind comparison with amitriptyline. We particularly wanted to know if the efficacy of fluoxetine was comparable to that of amitriptyline, and whether fluoxetine caused less adverse effects as a result of its selectivity, which remains unchanged even after its metabolisation to desmethyl fluoxetine (Fuller et al, 1978).

The Genetics of Depression and Manic-Depressive Disorder

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter McGuffin ◽  
Randy Katz
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Manic Depressive Illness ◽  
Familial Predisposition ◽  
Manic Depressive

Depressive disorders are more common in the relatives of depressed probands than in the population at large, and there is compelling evidence that the familial aggregation of bipolar disorder and severe unipolar depression is at least partly due to genetic factors. However, the evidence concerning ‘non-endogenous' depression is less clear, and family environment probably plays a stronger role. Much current research is focused on two areas: firstly, the mode of inheritance of manic-depressive illness, with the use of molecular biological techniques to detect and localise major genes; and secondly, the ways in which familial predisposition and environmental insults combine to produce depressive disorder.

Reduced latency to first antidepressant treatment in Italian patients with a more recent onset of major depressive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S529-S529
Author(s):  
B. Grancini ◽  
B. Dell’Osso ◽  
L. Cremaschi ◽  
F. De Cagna ◽  
B. Benatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Valid Predictor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Year 2000

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent burdensome disease, which frequently remains untreated. The duration of untreated illness (DUI) is modifiable parameter and a valid predictor of outcome. Previous investigation in patients with MDD revealed a DUI of different years, while recent reports have documented a reduction of DUI across time, in patients with different psychiatric disorders.Objectives/aimsThe present study was aimed to investigate potential differences in terms of DUI and related variables in patients with MDD across time.MethodsAn overall sample of 188 patients with MDD was divided in two subgroups on the basis of their epoch of onset (onset before and after year 2000). DUI and other onset-related variables were assessed through a specific questionnaire and compared between the two subgroups.ResultsThe whole sample showed a mean DUI of approximately 4.5 years, with a lower value in patients with more recent onset compared to the other subgroup (27.1 ± 42.6 vs. 75.8 ± 105.2 months, P < .05). Moreover, patients with onset after 2000 reported higher rates of onset-related stressful events and lower ones for benzodiazepines prescription (65% vs. 81%; P = 0.02; 47% vs. 30%; P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe comparison of groups with different epochs of onset showed a significant reduction in terms of DUI and benzodiazepines prescription, and a higher rate of onset-related stressful events in patients with a more recent onset. Reported findings are of epidemiologic and clinical relevance in order to evaluate progress and developments in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways of MDD in Italian and other countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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