Reduced latency to first antidepressant treatment in Italian patients with a more recent onset of major depressive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S529-S529
Author(s):  
B. Grancini ◽  
B. Dell’Osso ◽  
L. Cremaschi ◽  
F. De Cagna ◽  
B. Benatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Valid Predictor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Year 2000

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent burdensome disease, which frequently remains untreated. The duration of untreated illness (DUI) is modifiable parameter and a valid predictor of outcome. Previous investigation in patients with MDD revealed a DUI of different years, while recent reports have documented a reduction of DUI across time, in patients with different psychiatric disorders.Objectives/aimsThe present study was aimed to investigate potential differences in terms of DUI and related variables in patients with MDD across time.MethodsAn overall sample of 188 patients with MDD was divided in two subgroups on the basis of their epoch of onset (onset before and after year 2000). DUI and other onset-related variables were assessed through a specific questionnaire and compared between the two subgroups.ResultsThe whole sample showed a mean DUI of approximately 4.5 years, with a lower value in patients with more recent onset compared to the other subgroup (27.1 ± 42.6 vs. 75.8 ± 105.2 months, P < .05). Moreover, patients with onset after 2000 reported higher rates of onset-related stressful events and lower ones for benzodiazepines prescription (65% vs. 81%; P = 0.02; 47% vs. 30%; P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe comparison of groups with different epochs of onset showed a significant reduction in terms of DUI and benzodiazepines prescription, and a higher rate of onset-related stressful events in patients with a more recent onset. Reported findings are of epidemiologic and clinical relevance in order to evaluate progress and developments in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways of MDD in Italian and other countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Personality disorders and depression

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. FAVA ◽  
A. H. FARABAUGH ◽  
A. H. SICKINGER ◽  
E. WRIGHT ◽  
J. E. ALPERT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Before And After

Background. Personality disorders (PDs) were assessed among depressed out-patients by clinical interview before and after antidepressant treatment with fluoxetine to assess the degree of stability of PD diagnoses and determine whether changes in PD diagnoses across treatment are related to the degree of improvement in depressive symptoms.Method. Three hundred and eighty-four out-patients (55% women; mean age = 39.9±10.5) with major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosed with the SCID-P were enrolled into an 8 week trial of open treatment with fluoxetine 20 mg/day. The SCID-II was administered to diagnose PDs at baseline and endpoint.Results. A significant proportion (64%) of our depressed out-patients met criteria for at least one co-morbid personality disorder. Following 8 weeks of fluoxetine treatment, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of patients meeting criteria for avoidant, dependent, passive-aggressive, paranoid and narcissistic PDs. From baseline to endpoint, there was also a significant reduction in the mean number of criteria met for paranoid, schizotypal, narcissistic, borderline, avoidant, dependent, obsessive–compulsive, passive aggressive and self-defeating personality disorders. While changes in cluster diagnoses were not significantly related to improvement in depressive symptoms, there were significant relationships between degree of reduction in depressive symptoms (percentage change in HAM-D-17 scores) and degree of change in the number of criteria met for paranoid, narcissistic, borderline and dependent personality disorders.Conclusions. Personality disorder diagnoses were found to be common among untreated out-patients with major depressive disorder. A significant proportion of these patients no longer met criteria for personality disorders following antidepressant treatment, and changes in personality disorder traits were significantly related to degree of improvement in depressive symptoms in some but not all personality disorders. These findings suggest that the lack of stability of PD diagnoses among patients with current MDD may be attributable in part to a direct effect of antidepressant treatment on behaviours and attitudes that comprise PDs.

scholarly journals Plasma Levels of IL-23 and IL-17 before and after Antidepressant Treatment in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Won Kim ◽  
Yong-Ku Kim ◽  
Jung-A Hwang ◽  
Ho-Kyoung Yoon ◽  
Young-Hoon Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Before And After

Intrinsic functional connectivity of cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuitry underlying psychomotor retardation in major depressive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S328-S328
Author(s):  
Y. Yin ◽  
Y. Yuan ◽  
L. Fan ◽  
C. Xie ◽  
Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Psychomotor Retardation ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionPsychomotor retardation (PMR) in depression is analogous to the hypokinesia in Parkinson's disease, which is associated with the unbalanced direct and indirect pathways of cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (CBTC) circuitry. This study hypothesized PMR in major depressive disorder (MDD) should be associated with the hyperactivity of CBTC indirect pathways.ObjectivesTo substantiate the hypothesis that the PMR symptom of MDD might attribute to the hyperactivity of the ortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical indirect pathway which could inhibit psychomotor performance.MethodsWe investigated the intrinsic stiato-subthalamic nucleus (STN)-thalamic functional connectivity (FC), three pivotal hubs of the indirect pathway, in 30 MDD patients with PMR (PMR group) and well matched 30 patients without PMR (NPMR group) at baseline, and 11 patients of each group at follow-up who remitted after antidepressant treatment.ResultsThe results showed increased STN-striatum FC of PMR group at baseline and no more discrepancy at follow-up, and significant correlation between PMR severity and thalamo-STN FC.ConclusionsOur findings suggested the increased STN- striatum FC should be considered as a state biomarker to distinguish MDD patients with PMR from patients without PMR at acute period, and thalamo-STN FC could be identified as the predictor of the PMR severity for MDD patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Distribution of microRNAs associated with major depressive disorder among blood compartments

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110066
Author(s):  
Claudia Homorogan ◽  
Virgil Radu Enatescu ◽  
Diana Nitusca ◽  
Anca Marcu ◽  
Edward Seclaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Mirna Abundance

Objective Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a recurrent disorder with an increasing incidence. Alterations in key signaling pathways of the nervous system, such as the Wnt and MAPK pathways, mediated through microRNAs (miRNAs) provide crucial information regarding the etiopathology of MDD. We aimed to analyze whether the heterogeneity of literature findings regarding differential expression of miRNAs in the blood could arise from their different distributions among blood compartments. Methods We performed a pilot study analyzing the differential expression of miR-26a, miR-494, miR-30c, miR-93, and miR-101 and investigated their levels in white blood cells, total plasma (TP), exosomes from plasma, and exosome depleted plasma (EDP) in patients with MDD before and after antidepressant treatment with escitalopram and in healthy controls. Results MiR-494 was more abundant in EDP, and miR-26a and miR-30c were predominantly more abundant in TP relative to other blood compartments. Moreover, miR-30c, miR-101, and miR-26a, were significantly downregulated in TP of patients with MDD compared with controls. After antidepressant treatment, only miR-494 was significantly differently expressed in EDP. Conclusions This proof-of-principle study suggests that identifying the miRNA abundance in different blood compartments is crucial for biomarker development and could enrich the current knowledge regarding MDD pathophysiology.

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Parameters in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Compared to Healthy Controls Before and After Antidepressant Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1658-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Jiménez-Fernández ◽  
Manuel Gurpegui ◽  
Francisco Díaz-Atienza ◽  
Lucía Pérez-Costillas ◽  
Miriam Gerstenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

scholarly journals Aberrant Expression of Intracellular let-7e, miR-146a, and miR-155 Correlates with Severity of Depression in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Is Ameliorated after Antidepressant Treatment

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Yung Hung ◽  
Ming-Kung Wu ◽  
Meng-Chang Tsai ◽  
Ya-Ling Huang ◽  
Hong-Yo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Tlr4 Signaling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severity Of Depression

Chronic inflammation and abnormalities in Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). Our previous work reported that impaired negative regulators for the TLR pathways are associated with MDD. This study aimed to assess the association between the severity of depression and the intracellular microRNAs that regulate TLR4 signaling in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocytes from MDD patients. The severity of MDD before and after antidepressant treatment was determined by the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the levels of intracellular regulatory microRNAs, including let-7e, miR-21-5p miR-145, miR-223, miR-146a, and miR-155, in PBMCs and monocytes isolated from 43 healthy controls and 84 patients with MDD before and after treatment with antidepressants. Assays of PBMCs showed that the levels of let-7e, miR-146a, and miR-155 were lower in MDD patients than in healthy controls and were significantly higher after than before treatment in the 69 patients who completed treatment with antidepressants for four weeks. Levels of miR-146a and miR-155 in monocytes were lower in MDD patients than in controls and were increased in the former after antidepressant treatment. Multiple linear regression analyses found that let-7e and miR-146a expression before treatment was inversely correlated with severity of depression, whereas miR-155 before treatment was directly correlated with severity of depression. These findings suggest that intracellular regulatory microRNAs which regulate TLR4 signaling are aberrantly expressed in patients with MDD and that these levels are ameliorated by antidepressant treatment.

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