1. Note on Ångström's Method for the Conductivity of Bars

1875 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tait
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Unit Surface ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Quantity Of Heat

If we assume the excess of temperature above that of the air, v, to be the same throughout a transverse section of the bar, the equation for the flux of heat is—where cρ is the water equivalent of unit volume of the bar, k its thermal conductivity, a its side, and hv the quantity of heat lost by radiation and convection from unit surface of the bar per unit of time, when the excess of temperature is v.

Studies on a Calanus Patch II. The estimation of algal productive rates

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Cushing
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
Unit Surface ◽  
The Common ◽  
Algal Material

Algal productive rates have rarely been estimated at sea, although many estimates have been made of primary productivity as g carbon/m2/day. A distinction may be drawn between productive rate and productivity, and it is in the use of the term ‘standing stock’. The latter is the quantity of living algal material per unit volume or beneath unit surface. The productive rate is the rate at which the standing stock reproduces itself; for a given species it is of course a division rate. It is expedient to use the term ‘division rate’ for a single species, but the term ‘productive rate’ may be used for the whole algal community. The productivity is the product of standing stock and productive rate and so contains in it the very great variations of standing stock that are the common experience of all planktologists.

scholarly journals Homogeneous orbit closures and applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 785-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELON LINDENSTRAUSS ◽  
URI SHAPIRA
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Orbit Closures ◽  
Image Position

AbstractWe give new classes of examples of orbits of the diagonal group in the space of unit volume lattices in ℝd for d≥3 with nice (homogeneous) orbit closures, as well as examples of orbits with explicitly computable but irregular orbit closures. We give Diophantine applications to the former; for instance, we show that, for all γ,δ∈ℝ, where 〈c〉 denotes the distance of a real number c to the integers.

6. On Laplace's Theory of the Internal Pressure in Liquids

1889 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
Tait
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Liquid Particle ◽  
Molecular Force ◽  
Molecular Forces ◽  
Image Position

Laplace, assuming molecular force to be insensible at distances greater than a small quantity a, finds the resultant molecular force on a unit particle at a distance x within the (plane) surface. This being called X, the internal pressure iswhere p is the density of the liquid. But this is evidently the work required to take unit volume of the liquid (particle by particle) from the interior to the surface. And it is easily seen that to carry it from the surface beyond the range of the molecular forces requires just as much more work:—for the density of the surface-film is treated as equal to that of the rest of the liquid.

scholarly journals Propagation of a Boundary of Fusion

1952 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Moving Surface ◽  
Partial Differentiation ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Definite Temperature

We consider a volume of material, divided into two regions 1 and 2. each of density ρ, by a moving surface S. On S a change of phase occurs, at a definite temperature (which we may take to be zero) and with absorption or liberation of a latent heat L per unit mass. If θl, kl, K1 are the temperature, thermal conductivity and diffusivity of phase 1, and θ2, k2, K2 corresponding quantities for phase 2, the surface S is the isothermaland the boundary condition on this surface isSubscript letters denote partial differentiation.

scholarly journals Numerical identification of the thermal conductivity tensor and the heat capacity per unit volume of an anisotropic material

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Kossi Atchonouglo ◽  
Jean-Christophe Dupré ◽  
Arnaud Germaneau ◽  
Claude Vallée
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Time Integration ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Conductivity Tensor ◽  
Inverse Approach ◽  
Thermal Conductivity Tensor ◽  
Principal Axes

In this paper, an inverse approach based on gradient conjugate method for thermal conductivity tensor and heat capacity per unit volume measurement is summarized. A suitable analysis is done for the mesh in finite element method and for the time steps for the time integration. For a composite material, it is shown the importance to identify the thermal conductivity tensor components in the principal axes.

Relationship between thermal conductivity and structure of nacre from Haliotis fulgens

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1216-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Philippe Tremblay ◽  
Michel B. Johnson ◽  
Ulrike Werner-Zwanziger ◽  
Mary Anne White
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

scholarly journals The dilution assay of viruses

1954 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. P. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Data Fitting ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Exponential Curve ◽  
Dilution Assay ◽  
Image Position

Suppose that λ is the average density of virus particles per unit volume. If x is a dilution of this and unit volume is applied to an egg (or plate in other problems) the probability that the egg remains sterile isprovided that if a particle is present, it will infect the egg. To make a dilution assay we choose dilutions x1, …, xm (m levels) and apply these to n1, …, nm eggs. If these result in r1, …, rm sterile eggs we can estimate λ by maximum likelihood. The theory has been given by Barkworth & Irwin (1938), and full references to work on this problem will be found in Finney (1952). If we plot the quantities r1/n1, …, rm/nm against x1, …, xm we get a set of point whose fit to the curve (1) can be tested by a χ2 test. In a number of situations, however, it is found that (1) does not give a good fit. The estimation of λ is then completely invalid. In the present paper we consider why this happens, what types of curve may be fitted to the data and what they imply, and we also give a simple rapid test for such data fitting an exponential curve.

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