An Inquiry into North Sea Navigation

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-346
Author(s):  
V. H. M. Ligthart

Some results are here described of research carried out in the Netherlands with regard to marine traffic problems on the Dutch part of the continental shelf with emphasis on the preliminary results of the ‘Nautical Questionnaire North Sea’.The North Sea is a busy and interesting area, often presenting a challenge to the professional and amateur mariner, and to government bodies who have to see that people operating there do so in a responsible and safe manner. Figs 1 and 2 give an impression of the various types of activities on the Dutch continental shelf and of the collision and grounding positions of vessels in the North Sea over the period 1973–7. To reconcile the claims of all operations has become increasingly difficult as offshore activities have multiplied.

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thomas ◽  
Y. Bozec ◽  
H. J. W. de Baar ◽  
K. Elkalay ◽  
M. Frankignoulle ◽  
...  

Abstract. A carbon budget has been established for the North Sea, a shelf sea on the NW European continental shelf. The carbon exchange fluxes with the North Atlantic Ocean dominate the gross carbon budget. The net carbon budget – more relevant to the issue of the contribution of the coastal ocean to the marine carbon cycle – is dominated by the carbon inputs from rivers, the Baltic Sea and the atmosphere. The North Sea acts as a sink for organic carbon and thus can be characterised as a heterotrophic system. The dominant carbon sink is the final export to the North Atlantic Ocean. More than 90% of the CO2 taken up from the atmosphere is exported to the North Atlantic Ocean making the North Sea a highly efficient continental shelf pump for carbon.


2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Bozec ◽  
Helmuth Thomas ◽  
Khalid Elkalay ◽  
Hein J.W. de Baar

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-82
Author(s):  
Arika Okrent ◽  
Sean O’Neill

This chapter tells the story of how English got to be the weird way it is, which begins with the Germanic languages and the barbarians who spoke them. During the 5th century, an assortment of them poured across the North Sea, from what is today Denmark, the Netherlands, and Northern Germany, and conquered most of England. After about a century of the Germanic tribes taking over and settling in, the Romans returned. This time it was not soldiers but missionaries who arrived. The monks who came to convert the island to Christianity brought their Latin language with them, and they also brought the Latin alphabet. They set about translating religious texts into the language of the people they encountered, a language that by this time had coalesced into something that was Old English. However, there is another group of barbarians to blame: the Vikings. Their language was similar enough to Old English that they could communicate with the Anglo-Saxons without too much difficulty, and over time their own way of speaking mixed into the surrounding language, leaving vocabulary and expressions behind that do not quite fit the rest of the pattern at the old Germanic layer.


1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. De Jong ◽  
F. Gerritsen

The Western Scheldt is a major estuary in the Southern part of The Netherlands and the Northern part of Belgium. It is an important navigational route connecting the city of Antwerp with the North Sea. At the entrance Vlissingen is a major Dutch port.


2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frode Vikebø ◽  
Tore Furevik ◽  
Gunnar Furnes ◽  
Nils Gunnar Kvamstø ◽  
Magnar Reistad

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