Effects of Electrical Discharges in Low Pressure Gases on the Morphology of Polyethylene Crystals

Author(s):  
L.H. Bolz ◽  
D.H. Reneker

The attack, on the surface of a polymer, by the atomic, molecular and ionic species that are created in a low pressure electrical discharge in a gas is interesting because: 1) significant interior morphological features may be revealed, 2) dielectric breakdown of polymeric insulation on high voltage power distribution lines involves the attack on the polymer of such species created in a corona discharge, 3) adhesive bonds formed between polymer surfaces subjected to such SDecies are much stronger than bonds between untreated surfaces, 4) the chemical modification of the surface creates a reactive surface to which a thin layer of another polymer may be bonded by glow discharge polymerization.

1993 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutomo Imai ◽  
Nobuyuki Fujiwara ◽  
Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽  
Tetsuro Shimomura ◽  
Koichi Yamaoka ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 1293-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Y. Chang ◽  
H.S. Jang ◽  
Y.H. Yoon ◽  
Y.H. Kim ◽  
J.Y. Kim ◽  
...  

AbstractElectrical discharges using a capacitance of 450 μF at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kJ input energies were applied in a N2atmosphere to obtain the mechanical alloyed Ti3Al powder without applying any external pressure. A solid bulk of nanostructured Ti3Al was obtained as short as 160 μsec by the Electrical discharge. At the same time, the surface has been modified into the form of Ti and Al nitrides due to the diffusion process of nitrogen to the surface. The input energy was found to be the most important parameter to affect the formation of a solid core and surface chemistry of the compact.


2001 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 930-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Sugimoto ◽  
Akira Asakawa ◽  
Shigeru Yokoyama ◽  
Kazuo Nakada

Author(s):  
Imran Sutan Chairul ◽  
Sharin Ab Ghani ◽  
Nur Hakimah Ab Aziz ◽  
Mohd Shahril Ahmad Khiar ◽  
Muhammad Syahrani Johal ◽  
...  

<p>Vegetable oils have been an alternative to mineral oil for oil-immersed transformers due to concern on less flammable, environmental-friendly, biodegradable, and sustainable resources of petroleum-based insulating oil. This paper presents the effect of electrical discharges (200 up to 1000 discharges) under 50 Hz inhomogeneous electric field on the properties (acidity, water content, and breakdown voltage) of two varieties of vegetable based insulating oils; i) natural ester (NE) and ii) low viscosity insulating fluids derived from a natural ester (NE<sub>LV</sub>). Results show the water content, acidity and breakdown voltage of NE fluctuate due to applied discharges, while NE<sub>LV</sub> display insignificant changes. Hence, results indicate that the low viscosity insulating fluids derived from natural ester tend to maintain their properties compared to natural ester.</p>


1997 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Nakada ◽  
Tsutomu Yokota ◽  
Shigeru Yokoyama ◽  
Akira Asakawa ◽  
Akira Hashimoto

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (9/10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislaus Nnadih ◽  
Mike Kosch ◽  
Peter Martinez ◽  
Jozsef Bor

Sprites are the optical signatures of electrical discharges in the mesosphere triggered by large lightning strikes associated with thunderstorms. Since their discovery in the late 1980s, sprites have been observed extensively around the world, although very few observations of sprites from Africa have been documented in the literature. In this paper, we report the first ground-based recorded observations of sprites from South Africa. In 2 out of the 22 nights of observations (11 January and 2 February 2016), about 100 sprite elements were recorded from Sutherland in the Northern Cape, comprising different morphologies (carrot (55%), carrot/column (11%), unclassified (21%), column (13%)). The sprites were triggered by positive cloud-to-ground lightning strikes, which had an average peak value of ~74 kA and were observed at distances from ~400 km to 800 km. The estimated charge moment change of the lightning discharges associated with these events was in agreement with the threshold for dielectric breakdown of the mesosphere and correlates well with the observed sprite brightness.


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