Morphological effects of sulfur mustard on a human skin equivalent

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
J.P. Petrali ◽  
S.B. Oglesby ◽  
T.A. Justus
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Athymic Nude Mouse ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

We have previously reported morphological correlates of sulfur mustard (HD) toxicity in several model systems: the human skin grafted athymic nude mouse; the hairless guinea pig; and human cells in culture. We are now describing HD effects in a human skin equivalent, TESTSKIN®, and comparing these effects with those already reported for animal models and cells in culture. The human skin equivalent (HSE) is used here as an organotypic in vitro model system to bridge the knowledge gap between HD effects in monotypic cells in culture and animal in vivo effects. Additionally, HSE allowed study of HD toxicity which circumvented the concern of using human biopsied tissue.

scholarly journals Development of a Full-Thickness Human Skin Equivalent In Vitro Model Derived from TERT-Immortalized Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 2448-2459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christianne M.A. Reijnders ◽  
Amanda van Lier ◽  
Sanne Roffel ◽  
Duco Kramer ◽  
Rik J. Scheper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

Ultrastructural characterization of an in vitro model of human epidermis: its potential for sulfur mustard study

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1004-1005
Author(s):  
J.P. Petrali ◽  
P.T. Lopolito ◽  
T.A. Hamilton ◽  
S.B. Oglesby-Megee ◽  
L.S. Rhoads
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Skin Equivalents ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Membrane Components

Morphological correlates of sulfur mustard toxicity continue to be studied in in vivo models such as the haired and hairless guinea pig and the domestic weanling pig. These animal models provide useful evidence for the mechanisms of sulfur mustard-induced lesions, however the correlation with human skin is not exact and the availability of a continuing supply of any animal model is problematic. In vitro studies have largely been performed with cultured monotypic human cells such keratinocytes and lymphocytes. Although monotypic cellular models have added data to the mechanisms of the observed cytopathology, the acclimatized nature of media-nourished cells may present a different phenotype for study than in vivo. To bridge the information gap between monolayers of cells and in vivo studies, in vitro skin equivalents have been proposed as suitable models. We have used several commercially available human skin equivalents in the past, however the lack of basement membrane components, the absence or paucity of hemidesmosomes, general problems with replication and inconsistences of availability, question the usefulness of commercial preparations at this time.

Desmosomal distribution in the epidermis of a non-contracting human skin equivalent

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
S.D. Dimitrijevich ◽  
R. Gracy
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Tissue Component ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Similar Sequence ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Suprabasal Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

In intact skin the epidermal layer is a dynamic tissue component which is maintained by a basal layer of mitotically active cells. The protective upper epidermis, the stratum corneum, is generated by differentiation of the suprabasal keratinocytes which eventually desquamate as anuclear comeocytes. A similar sequence of events is observed in vitro in the non-contracting human skin equivalent (HSE) which was developed in this lab (1). As a part of the definition process for this model of living skin we are examining its ultrastructural features. Since desmosomes are important in maintaining cell-cell interactions in stratified epithelia their distribution in HSE was examined.

Assessment of dermal toxicity of nanosilica using cultured keratinocytes, a human skin equivalent model and an in vivo model

Toxicology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 267 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Hee Park ◽  
Ji Na Kim ◽  
Sang Hoon Jeong ◽  
Jae Eun Choi ◽  
Seung-Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Model ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Dermal Toxicity ◽  
Cultured Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent Model ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Liposome-Encapsulated Glutathione in a Human Epidermal Model Exposed to a Mustard Gas Analog

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Paromov ◽  
Sudha Kumari ◽  
Marianne Brannon ◽  
Naga S. Kanaparthy ◽  
Hongsong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Mustard Gas

Sulfur mustard or mustard gas (HD) and its monofunctional analog, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), or “half-mustard gas,” are alkylating agents that induce DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. HD/CEES are rapidly absorbed in the skin causing extensive injury. We hypothesize that antioxidant liposomes that deliver both water-soluble and lipid-soluble antioxidants protect skin cells from immediate CEES-induced damage via attenuating oxidative stress. Liposomes containing water-soluble antioxidants and/or lipid-soluble antioxidants were evaluated usingin vitromodel systems. Initially, we found that liposomes containing encapsulated glutathione (GSH-liposomes) increased cell viability and attenuated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells exposed to CEES. Next, GSH-liposomes were tested in a human epidermal model, EpiDerm. In the EpiDerm, GSH-liposomes administered simultaneously or 1 hour after CEES exposure (2.5 mM) increased cell viability, inhibited CEES-induced loss of ATP and attenuated changes in cellular morphology, but did not reduce caspase-3 activity. These findings paralleled the previously describedin vivoprotective effect of antioxidant liposomes in the rat lung and established the effectiveness of GSH-liposomes in a human epidermal model. This study provides a rationale for use of antioxidant liposomes against HD toxicity in the skin considering further verification in animal models exposed to HD.

Use of Human Skin Equivalent Apligraf for in Vitro Assessment of Cumulative Skin Irritation Potential of Topical Products

2000 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Medina ◽  
Anne de Brugerolle de Fraissinette ◽  
Salah-Dine Chibout ◽  
Maryelle Kolopp ◽  
Rahel Kammermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent
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