Ultrastructural Alterations in Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae as a Result of Hypoxia

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
Waykin Nopanitaya ◽  
Raeford E. Brown ◽  
Joe W. Grisham ◽  
Johnny L. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Hepatic Lobule ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations ◽  
Large Type ◽  
Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae ◽  
General Size ◽  
Sem Studies

Mammalian endothelial cells lining hepatic sinusoids have been found to be widely fenestrated. Previous SEM studies (1,2) have noted two general size catagories of fenestrations; large fenestrae were distributed randomly while the small type occurred in groups. These investigations also reported that large fenestrae were more numerous and larger in the endothelial cells at the afferent ends of sinusoids or around the portal areas, whereas small fenestrae were more numerous around the centrilobular portion of the hepatic lobule. It has been further suggested that under some physiologic conditions small fenestrae could fuse and subsequently become the large type, but this is, as yet, unproven.We have used a reproducible experimental model of hypoxia to study the ultrastructural alterations in sinusoidal endothelial fenestrations in order to investigate the origin of occurrence of large fenestrae.

scholarly journals Rho modulates hepatic sinusoidal endothelial fenestrae via regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in rat endothelial cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 857-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Yokomori ◽  
Kazunori Yoshimura ◽  
Shinsuke Funakoshi ◽  
Toshihiro Nagai ◽  
Kayo Fujimaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae

Expression of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C isoforms in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
V R Lo Vasco ◽  
L Pacini ◽  
T Di Raimo ◽  
D D'arcangelo ◽  
R Businaro
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Human Umbilical Vein ◽  
Tissue Polarity ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

AimsThe signalling system of phosphoinositides (PIs) is involved in a number of cell and tissue functions including membrane trafficking, ion channel activity, cell cycle, apoptosis, differentiation and cell and tissue polarity. Recently, a role in cell migration was hypothesised for PI and related molecules including the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipases C (PI-PLCs), main players in PI signalling. The expression of PI-PLCs is tissue-specific and evidence suggests that it varies under different conditions such as tumour progression or cell activation. In order to obtain a complete picture, the expression of all PI-PLC isoforms was analysed in human endothelial cells (EC).MethodsUsing molecular biology methods (RT-PCR), the expression of PI-PLC isoforms was analysed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), a widely used experimental model for human EC.ResultsAll the PI-PLC isoforms except PI-PLC β1, PI-PLC ɛ and PI-PLC ζ were expressed in HUVEC.ConclusionsThe growing interest in the complex cascade of events occurring in angiogenesis will provide useful insights for therapeutic strategies. The expression of PI-PLC isoforms in HUVEC is a useful tool for further studies directed to understanding their role in angiogenesis. However, although HUVEC represent a widely used experimental model for human macrovascular EC, limitations remain in that they cannot fully represent the metabolic properties and interactions of the EC distributed in the entire organism.

Endothelial cells in culture: An experimental model for the study of vascular dysfunctions

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Chappey ◽  
M. P. Wautier ◽  
B. Boval ◽  
J. L. Wautier
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Cells In Culture

scholarly journals Erratum: Rho modulates hepatic sinusoidal endothelial fenestrae via regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in rat endothelial cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1079
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Yokomori ◽  
Kazunori Yoshimura ◽  
Shinsuke Funakoshi ◽  
Toshihiro Nagai ◽  
Kayo Fujimaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae

Endotoxin Alteration of the Mucopolysaccharide Blood Vessel Coating in Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
D. E. Philpott ◽  
A. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
The Brain

Two month, eight month and two year old rats were treated with 10 or 20 mg/kg of E. Coli endotoxin I. P. The eight month old rats proved most resistant to the endotoxin. During fixation the aorta, carotid artery, basil arartery of the brain, coronary vessels of the heart, inner surfaces of the heart chambers, heart and skeletal muscle, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, retina, trachae, intestine, salivary gland, adrenal gland and gingiva were treated with ruthenium red or alcian blue to preserve the mucopolysaccharide (MPS) coating. Five, 8 and 24 hrs of endotoxin treatment produced increasingly marked capillary damage, disappearance of the MPS coating, edema, destruction of endothelial cells and damage to the basement membrane in the liver, kidney and lung.

Complex Vesicles, Microtubules, and Cytoplasmic Filaments in the Endothelial Cells of Normal Dog Aorta

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
C. N. Sun ◽  
J. J. Ghidoni
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Aldehyde Fixation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Filaments

Endothelial cells in longitudinal and cross sections of aortas from 3 randomly selected “normal” mongrel dogs were studied by electron microscopy. Segments of aorta were distended with cold cacodylate buffered 5% glutaraldehyde for 10 minutes prior to being cut into small, well oriented tissue blocks. After an additional 1-1/2 hour period in glutaraldehyde, the tissue blocks were well rinsed in buffer and post-fixed in OsO4. After dehydration they were embedded in a mixture of Maraglas, D.E.R. 732, and DDSA.Aldehyde fixation preserves the filamentous and tubular structures (300 Å and less) for adequate demonstration and study. The functional significance of filaments and microtubules has been recently discussed by Buckley and Porter; the precise roles of these cytoplasmic components remains problematic. Endothelial cells in canine aortas contained an abundance of both types of structures.

Ultrastructural studies on the interaction of haemophilus influenzae with human endothelial cells in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
M. Virji ◽  
H. Kayhty ◽  
E.R. Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Endothelial Barriers ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

Haemophilus influenzae is a human pathogen which causes meningitis in children. Systemic H. influenzae infection is largely confined to encapsulated serotype b organisms and is a major cause of meningitis in the U.K. and elsewhere. However, the pathogenesis of the disease is still poorly understood. Studies in the infant rat model, in which intranasal challenge results in bacteraemia, have shown that H. influenzae enters submucosal tissues and disseminates to the blood stream within minutes. The rapidity of these events suggests that H. influenzae penetrates both respiratory epithelial and endothelial barriers with great efficiency. It is not known whether the bacteria penetrate via the intercellular junctions, are translocated within the cells or carried across the cellular barrier in 'trojan horse' fashion within phagocytes. In the present studies, we have challenged cultured human umbilical cord_vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with both capsulated (b+) and capsule-deficient (b-) isogenic variants of one strain of H. influenzae in order to investigate the interaction between the bacteria and HUVEC and the effect of the capsule.

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