Control of Venice Mallow (Hibiscus trionum) in Corn (Zea mays) and Onions (Allium cepa)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Westra ◽  
Calvin H. Pearson ◽  
Randall Ristau
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Hibiscus Trionum ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Postemergence herbicides alone and in combination were evaluated for Venice mallow control in corn and onion in Colorado during 1986 and 1987. Season-long control of 88 to 98% in corn was obtained with bromoxynil plus cyanazine or atrazine; 2,4-D amine plus dicamba or bromoxynil; or linuron, bromoxynil, or dicamba applied alone. Oxyfluorfen plus bromoxynil in a split application controlled Venice mallow 80 to 99% all season in onions. Uncontrolled Venice mallow caused higher yield reductions in onions than in corn.

Hemp Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Selective Postemergence Herbicides

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey V. Ransom ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Shoot Emergence

Field studies were conducted from 1994 to 1996 in Michigan to evaluate postemergence (POST) herbicides for hemp dogbane control in corn. Studies were initiated at no-tillage and chisel-plowed sites each of the three years. Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron were evaluated alone and in combination with 2,4-D amine or dicamba. In 1995 and 1996, CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron was also applied alone and in combination with 2,4-D or dicamba. Control varied among years and sites. Nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, and CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron applied alone controlled 30% of the hemp dogbane, and dicamba or 2,4-D alone controlled 42 and 66%, respectively. Tank mixtures of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, or CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron with dicamba were more effective and more consistent than dicamba alone. Combinations of nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, or CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron with 2,4-D gave the most effective and consistent control across sites, with an average of 93% control. In general, treatments controlled only shoots that had emerged at the time of application. New shoots emerged following herbicide application at the chisel-tillage sites in 1994 and 1995 but not at the no-tillage sites. However, in 1996, shoot emergence following treatment occurred in both no-tillage and chisel-tillage sites.

scholarly journals Control of the recentlyintroduced weed butterprint (Abutilon theophrasti) in maize

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
J.M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Very High

Butterprint (velvetleaf in many countries) is one of the worst broadleaf weeds in maize (Zea mays) and soya bean (Glycine max) crops in USA It has been accidently introduced into New Zealand on several occasions Recently it has been found in three maize fields in Waikato and has become well established at one 20 ha site Twelve different postemergence herbicides were evaluated for control of butterprint in glasshouse pot trials and in a field trial In the glasshouse bromoxynil dicamba mesotrione aminopyralid and topramezone all gave 100 control In the field trial dicamba showed the most activity but overall efficacy was less than in the glasshouse Dicamba controlled most of the plants that were present at spraying but germination over the next month resulted in a final population of 88 of the original This population of butterprint also shows a very high tolerance to atrazine when treated postemergence

Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Postemergence Herbicides and Cultivation

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Parks ◽  
William S. Curran ◽  
Gregory W. Roth ◽  
Nathan L. Hartwig ◽  
Dennis D. Calvin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Weed Emergence ◽  
Low Rate

Greenhouse studies assessed the susceptibility of three common lambsquarters biotypes to foliar-applied bromoxynil, dicamba, and thifensulfuron. Field studies evaluated the effectiveness of the same herbicides in conjunction with atrazine and row cultivation for the control of common lambsquarters in corn. In the field, bromoxynil was applied at 140, 280, and 420 g/ha, dicamba at 140, 280, and 560 g/ha, and thifensulfuron at 2, 3, and 4 g/ha. In the greenhouse, bromoxynil and thifensulfuron reduced common lambsquarters growth by at least 55%, while dicamba reduced growth 45% or less. Two of the three biotypes were resistant to atrazine. In the field, weed control was up to 70% better in cultivated plots than in noncultivated plots. Cultivation sometimes promoted additional weed emergence, but later emerging weeds rarely reached reproductive maturity. Atrazine improved the level of weed control only if triazine-susceptible weeds were present. The lowest rates of bromoxynil and dicamba (140 g/ha) controlled common lambsquarters 85% or greater even without cultivation, whereas control with the low rate of thifensulfuron (2 g/ha) was acceptable (greater than 85%) 8 wk after planting only in combination with cultivation. Combinations of reduced herbicide rates and mechanical cultivation provided effective, alternative control strategies for both triazine-resistant and susceptible common lambsquarters.

scholarly journals Efecto de la Infección de Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea en Hospederos Alternos

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 7261-7269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivón Magaly Arcila Aristizábal ◽  
Elena Paola González Jaimes ◽  
Catalina María Zuluaga Amaya ◽  
Mauricio Alejandro Marín Montoya ◽  
José Miguel Cotes Torres
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Spongospora Subterranea ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Cyphomandra Betacea ◽  
Pennisetum Clandestinum

Como una de las posibles medidas de manejo de aplicación práctica para la reducción de inóculo de Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea en suelos infestados con quistosoros del patógeno, se evaluó la incidencia de su infección en diferentes plantas hospederas durante tres siembras consecutivas. Las siembras se realizaron en macetas que contenían 2 kg de suelo previamente inoculados con una concentración de 1x105 quistosoros.g-1 de suelo; las cosechas de las plantas se realizaron cada tres meses, seleccionando dos muestras de raíz por maceta, una para observación de estructuras del patógeno por microscopía de luz, previa tinción con azul de tripano al 0,05% y otra para detección molecular mediante PCR en tiempo real (qPCR). Para el análisis estadístico se evaluaron los modelos Exponencial y Monomolecular, con el objetivo de seleccionar el que mejor se ajustara a los datos obtenidos. Según el valor estimado para la incidencia de estructuras del patógeno en las raíces, en las especies Cyphomandra betacea, Physalis peruvianum, Solanum nigrum, Allium cepa, Solanum quitoense y Rumex crispus, se reduce la presencia de quistosoros y zoosporangios después de tres siembras consecutivas en condiciones de casa de malla, mientras que en las especies Petroselinum crispum, Pennisetum clandestinum, Zea mays y Solanum lycopersicum se aumenta la incidencia de estructuras de S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea en las raíces.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF PHYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF PESTICIDE BI-58 WITH USE OF ALLIUM CEPA L. AND ZEA MAYS L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Dilyara Enverovna Emirova
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Test Cultures

We carried out the comparative analysis of phytotoxic effect of BI-58 pesticide on morphometric indicators of roots of seeds of Zea mays L. and Allium cepa L. Results of the conducted research showed that BI-58 in the range of the studied concentrations (0,05 - 0,4 ml/l) had the negative impact on sprouts of Allium cepa and Zea mays' seeds which is shown in inhibition of a root gain and viability of seeds. This influence had the expressed dose-dependent character: increase of concentration of the tested preparation caused decrease in the studied indicators in both test cultures. The dose of 0,05 ml/l of phytotoxic action didn't render on sprouts of Allium cepa and Zea mays. It should be noted the concentration of BI-58 recommended for application (0,1 ml/l) had the expressed phytotoxic effect on test plants. It was established sprouts of Zea mays were more sensitive to toxic effect of pesticide, than Allium cepa. On the basis of these data this dose at cultivation of the tested cultures was recommended not to use. The further increase in concentration of BI-58 (0,2 and 0,4 ml/l) caused the interfaced increase of phytotoxic effect on Самарский научный вестник. 2015. № 2(11) 136 Д.Э. Эмирова СКРИНИНГ ФИТОТОКСИЧЕСКОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ ПЕСТИЦИДА БИ-58 ... the tested cultures. Length of roots of Allium sera decreased by 1,5 times at concentration of 0,2 ml/l and by 40,66% - at decrease in quantity of the sprouted seeds. The increase in concentration of a preparation (0,4 ml/l) caused decrease in length of roots of sprouts of the studied test culture and oppression of their viability. In particular, length of roots of Allium sera in this option of research decreased by 1,8 times in comparison with control, a viability indicator - by 46,16%. Pesticide had similar impact on Zea mays. In particular, at a dose of BI-58 of 0,2 ml/l length of backs of Zea mays decreased by 45,1%, a viability indicator - for 25,3% in comparison with control. The increase in concentration of the studied preparation twice (0,4 ml/l) caused decrease of the morforometric roots indicators for 52,1%, decrease in viability - for 28,8% in comparison with control option.

scholarly journals Prácticas agrícolas sostenibles que incrementan los rendimientos de diferentes cultivos en Sancti Spíritus, Cuba

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolima Peña ◽  
Juan Carlos Rodríguez ◽  
Dilier Olivera ◽  
Pedro Fidel Fuentes ◽  
Jorge Félix Melendez
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Esta investigación tuvo como escenario 4 agroecosistemas de la Provincia de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. Se estudió la respuesta productiva de diferentes cultivos de hortalizas y granos a la cobertura muerta dispuesta sobre el suelo y al empleo de biofertilizantes en condiciones experimentales de campo y en diferentes tipos de suelo. Dentro de las hortalizas se evaluó la cebolla (Allium cepa L.) y el tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.); para ambas se utilizó diferentes tipos de cobertura muerta sobre el suelo. Con los granos, se empleó Fitomas-E y Biobras 16 en el cultivo del frijol () y microrganismos eficientes en maíz (Zea mays L.). El diseño experimental para los 4 experimentos fue de bloques al azar. En todos el rendimiento de los cultivos fue superior en las variantes tratadas en relación con el control. Cuando se usó cobertura muerta en cebolla y tomate, el mayor rendimiento se obtuvo con el tratamiento con restos de cosecha de arroz: 14,08 y 31,25 t.ha-1, respectivamente. En el cultivo del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) la mejor combinación fue la aplicación conjunta de Fitomas E y Biobras 16, con un rendimiento de 2,23 t.ha-1. La producción de maíz fue superior en más del 50% cuando se usó microorganismos eficientes en correspondencia con la variante control. Las prácticas agrícolas evaluadas contribuyeron a mejorar la respuesta productiva en todos los cultivos donde fueron aplicadas.

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