Preplant Weed Control in a Ridge-Till Soybean (Glycine max) and Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Rotation

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Regehr ◽  
Keith A. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
Sorghum Grain

Research in Kansas from 1983 to 1986 evaluated early preplant (30 to 45 days) and late preplant (10 to 14 days) herbicide treatments for weed control before ridge-till planting in a soybean and sorghum rotation. Control of fall panicum and common lambsquarters at planting time averaged at least 95% for all early preplant and 92% for late preplant treatments. Where no preplant treatment was used, heavy weed growth in spring delayed soil dry-down, which resulted in poor ridge-till planting conditions and reduced plant stands, and ultimately reduced sorghum grain yields by 24% and soybean yields by 12%. Horsenettle population declined significantly, and honeyvine milkweed population increased. Smooth groundcherry populations fluctuated from year to year with no overall change.

Weed Control from Imazaquin and Metolachlor in No-till Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler ◽  
Virginia L. Werling
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

In 1985, when weed densities were low (169 plants/m2in untreated control), imazaquin applied at 0.07 kg ai/ha early preplant controlled over 90% of all weeds before no-till planting of soybeans. In 1986 and 1987 when weed densities were higher (589 plants/m2in untreated control), addition of 1.1 kg ai/ha or more of metolachlor to imazaquin (0.07 kg/ha) before soybean planting controlled 95% or more of the grass weeds and 83% or more of the broadleaf weeds. Imazaquin plus metolachlor applied less than 1 day after soybean planting controlled less than 70% of the emerged weeds in 1986 and 1987; common lambsquarters was most tolerant. Early preplant treatments controlled more weeds throughout the growing season than treatments applied after planting. Splitting herbicide treatments among application times generally did not increase weed control compared to single applications. Early preplant applications resulted in higher soybean densities and taller soybeans 30 days after planting in 1986 and 1987 than treatments applied after planting. Soybean yields increased as weed control increased. Weed control and soybean yields were greater with early preplant treatments than paraquat plus alachlor plus metribuzin applied preemergence in 1986 and 1987. No carryover of imazaquin residue was detected through corn bioassay in the field.

Broadleaf Weed Control in Soybean (Glycine max) with Chlorimuron plus Acifluorfen or Thifensulfuron Mixtures

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dale Monks ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
John S. Richburg
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Chlorimuron applied alone and in combination with acifluorfen or thifensulfuron was evaluated for POST control of common lambsquarters, common ragweed, common cocklebur, and a mixture of pitted, ivyleaf, entireleaf, and tall morningglory in soybean. Common cocklebur control was similar with thifensulfuron at 3 and 4 g ae ha−1and with chlorimuron at 7 and 9 g ae ha−1, Common ragweed and morningglory control was greater with chlorimuron while common lambsquarters control was greater with thifensulfuron. Control of all species was good with combinations of chlorimuron at 7 g ha−1plus thifensulfuron at 2 g ha−1or acifluorfen at 140 g ae ha−1and similar to or greater than the control with chlorimuron at 9 g ha−1. Soybean yields with all POST herbicide treatments were equivalent to that of the weed-free check.

Soybean(Glycine max)and Grain Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor)Tolerance to Residues of Tetrafluron and Fluometuron

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
D. L. Reasons ◽  
L. S. Jeffery ◽  
T. C. McCutchen
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Waiting Period ◽  
Broadcast Application ◽  
Rainfall Frequency ◽  
Area Basis ◽  
Significant Yield

Fluometuron [1,1-dimethyl-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea] and tetrafluron {N,N-dimethyl-N′-[3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl] urea} are two urea-type herbicides for weed control in cotton(Gossypium hirsutumL.). In some years, because of cotton stand failure, an alternate crop must be established. Soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] are possible alternate crops if they can withstand the residues left from herbicides used for weed control in cotton. Soybeans and grain sorghum were planted 3, 6 and 9 weeks after fluometuron and tetrafluron applications to soil at Knoxville and Milan, Tennessee, in 1975 and 1976. Tetrafluron residues were more toxic to grain sorghum and soybeans than were fluometuron residues. Grain sorghum was less susceptible than soybeans to both herbicides. Grain sorghum was planted 3 weeks after fluometuron (1.7 kg/ha) and tetrafluron (1.7 kg/ha) applications without severe yield reduction. Soybeans were planted in non-treated soil between banded tetrafluron (1.7 kg/ha on a treated area basis), 3 weeks after herbicide application, without significant yield reduction; but when a seedbed was prepared, a 9-week waiting period was required. When soybeans were planted into soil receiving a broadcast application of tetrafluron (1.7 kg/ha), a 9-week waiting period was not sufficient to reduce the residues to a non-toxic level. Soybeans planted 6 and 9 weeks following a broadcast application of fluometuron may or may not sustain yield reduction depending on rainfall frequency and intensity and soil type.

Roller Applicator for Shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) Control in Row Crops

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Schneider ◽  
Curt B. Koehler ◽  
James S. Schepers ◽  
Orvin C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Crop Injury

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted with a roller applicator at Lincoln, Nebraska, during 1979 and 1980. Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] concentrations of 5, 10, and 20% and carpet saturations of 50 and 75% controlled shattercane [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] when applied to the top 30 cm of the plant in greenhouse research. In the field, glyphosate concentrations of 5 to 20% with a carpet saturation of 50% controlled shattercane acceptably in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], but a concentration of 2.5% with 25% carpet saturation did not. Weed control was comparable whether speed of application was 3.2, 6.4, or 9.6 km/h. Shattercane control in grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] was excellent at glyphosate concentrations of 5, 10, and 20% and at carpet saturations of 50 and 75%, and sorghum injury was minimal at 25 and 50% carpet saturations. The roller applicator was compared to a ropewick applicator for shattercane control in sorghum. Excellent weed control (90% or greater) with minimal crop injury was obtained with the roller applicator at glyphosate concentrations of 10 and 20% at application speeds of 3.2 and 6.4 km/h and with the ropewick applicator with glyphosate concentrations of 35 and 50% applied at 3.2, 6.4, and 9.6 km/h.

scholarly journals Weed Management Programs in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taghi Bararpour ◽  
Ralph R. Hale ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Te-Ming P. Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Sida Spinosa

A field study was conducted in Arkansas over three years to evaluate various herbicide treatments, including sequential and tank-mix applications for weed control in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). The herbicide treatments used were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor followed by (fb) atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + mesotrione, and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron. All herbicide treatments provided excellent (90% to 100%) control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula, and Sida spinosa by 12 weeks after emergence. Quinclorac and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron provided the lowest control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Urochloa platyphylla, Amaranthus palmeri, and Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula. Weed interference in the non-treated control reduced grain sorghum yield by 50% as compared to the weed-free control. S-metolachlor + mesotrione and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron reduced sorghum yields by 1009 to 1121 kg ha−1 compared to other herbicide treatments. The five best herbicide treatments in terms of weed control and grain sorghum yield were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor fb atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, and the standard treatment of S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine.

Mechanical, Cultural, and Chemical Control of Weeds in a Sorghum-Soybean(Sorghum bicolor)–(Glycine max)Rotation

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Polygonum Pensylvanicum

A crop rotation of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] and soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] with various weed control treatments was conducted from 1968 to 1975 at Lincoln, Nebraska, in order to improve weed control in these two crops. Poor weed control during one growing season increased weed growth and decreased yields of succeeding crops. Trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) at 1.1 kg/ha on soybeans showed greater soil carryover toxicity to sorghum planted 12 months later than did atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] at 3.4 kg/ha on sorghum to subsequently planted soybeans. Under this crop rotation green foxtail [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.], tall waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatos(Moq.) J. Sauer], and large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop.] decreased; whereas, velvetleaf(Abutilon theophrastiMedic), sunflower(Helianthus annuusL.), and Pennsylvania smartweed(Polygonum pensylvanicumL.) increased. Germinating weed seedlings from soil samples were greater in weedy check plots during the final years of the crop rotation due to a buildup of seed from those species that increased. Handweeding, herbicides, and plowing reduced weed populations, weed competition, and increased sorghum and soybean yields.

Use of the Recirculating Sprayer to Control Tall Weed Escapes in Crops

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Carlson ◽  
O. C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Three Stages

Field experiments were conducted with the recirculating sprayer (RCS) at Lincoln, Nebraska from 1974 through 1978. Different spray pressures, spray nozzles, and spray volumes with the RCS showed no significant differences in shattercane [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] control or soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] injury when herbicides were applied at three stages of weed growth. When shattercane was treated in a grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] field, poor weed control and excessive crop injury occurred during treatment at the early growth stage as compared with treatments applied 2 weeks later. The final treatment date gave selective weed control in grain sorghum, but many of the shattercane heads had already developed viable seed. A weed-to-crop height differential of at least 45 cm resulted in maximum weed control with minimum crop injury. Common milkweed (Asclepias syriacaL.) control in soybeans varied considerably, but treatments giving over 80% control were glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at 1.1 to 4.5 kg/ha applied through the RCS. Other herbicides were less effective. Volunteer corn (Zea maysL.) was controlled selectively at 75 to 100% in soybeans with glyphosate or paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) when applied through the RCS. Shattercane was controlled 95 to 100% in soybeans with glyphosate at 3.4 kg/ha. Unless spray drift and splash can be prevented when using the RCS, glyphosate and paraquat will not give selective control when applied to weeds growing in grain sorghum. Glyphosate applied through the RCS, however, can be a selective method of controlling weed escapes in soybeans because soybeans are not as sensitive to glyphosate as is sorghum.

Weed Control in Wide- and Narrow-Row Soybean (Glycine max) with Imazamox, Imazethapyr, and CGA-277476 plus Quizalofop

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Karen A. Renner
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Narrow Row

Field experiments were conducted at East Lansing and Clarksville, MI, to evaluate the efficacy of imazamox, imazethapyr, and CGA-277476 plus quizalofop applied postemergence in wide- (76-cm) and narrow- (19-cm) row soybean. Soybean injury from all herbicides was minimal 14 days after treatment (DAT), except for CGA-277476 at 79 g ai/ha plus 69 g ai/ha quizalofop, which caused 30% soybean injury at the Clarksville location. Adding 4 g ai/ha CGA-248757 to 65 g ai/ha CGA-277476 plus quizalofop reduced common ragweed control, but increased redroot pigweed control in wide rows compared to 79 g ai/ha CGA-277476 plus quizalofop. Imazamox at 35 and 45 g ai/ha provided greater common ragweed and common lambsquarters control than imazethapyr at 70 g ai/ha 28 DAT. All herbicide treatments controlled velvetleaf. Common ragweed and common lambsquarters control by all herbicide treatments was enhanced in narrow- compared to wide-row soybean 56 DAT as was redroot pigweed control by CGA-277476 treatments. Total weed biomass and soybean yield in wide-row soybean treated with imazamox at 45 g/ha was not different from the hand-weeded control. In narrow-row soybean, soybean yield was equal to the hand-weeded control for 35 and 45 g/ha imazamox and 70 g/ha imazethapyr. Postemergence herbicide treatments resulted in less weed biomass and greater soybean yield in narrow- compared to wide-row soybean.

Herbicide Evaluations for No-Till Soybean (Glycine max) Production in Corn (Zea mays) Residue

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell S. Moomaw ◽  
Alex R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Surface Application ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Weed control in no-till soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Wells’] planted into shredded corn (Zea maysL.) residue was evaluated at Concord, NE, over a 3-yr period. Herbicide factors evaluated were time of herbicide application for no-till soybeans, efficacy of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] relative to paraquat (1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium ion) for control of emerged weeds, and the efficacy of alachlor [2-chloro-2’,6’-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide], oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide), and pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] for residual weed control. Combination residual and contact herbicide treatments were applied either as a preplant surface application or preemergence after no-till-planted soybeans. Removal of existing weed growth was not consistently better with the preplant surface application compared to later removal after soybean planting. Paraquat and glyphosate gave nearly equal control of emerged weeds. Addition of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] with paraquat in the tank mix did not improve weed control. Use of narrow, ripple coulters on the no-till planter resulted in minimal disturbance of the preplant surface herbicide so that additional preemergence herbicide at planting was seldom beneficial.

scholarly journals Residual Activity of ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicides on Monocot Crops and Weeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary D. Lancaster ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Robert C. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Residual Control

AbstractField experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Fayetteville, Arkansas, to evaluate the residual activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)–inhibiting herbicides for monocot crop injury and weed control. Conventional rice, quizalofop-resistant rice, grain sorghum, and corn crops were evaluated for tolerance to soil applications of six herbicides (quizalofop at 80 and 160 g ai ha–1, clethodim at 68 and 136 g ai ha–1, fenoxaprop at 122 g ai ha–1, cyhalofop at 313 g ai ha–1, fluazifop at 210 and 420 g ai ha–1, and sethoxydim at 140 and 280 g ai ha–1). Overhead sprinkler irrigation of 1.3 cm was applied immediately after treatment to half of the plots, and the crops planted into the treated plots at 0, 7, and 14 d after herbicide treatment. In 2014, injury from herbicide treatments increased with activation for all crops evaluated, except for quizalofop-resistant rice. At 14 d after treatment (DAT) in 2014, corn and grain sorghum were injured 19% and 20%, respectively, from the higher rate of sethoxydim with irrigation activation averaged over plant-back dates. Conventional rice was injured 13% by the higher rate of fluazifop in 2014. Quizalofop-resistant rice was injured no more than 4% by any of the graminicides evaluated in either year. In 2015, a rainfall event occurred within 24 h of initiating the experiment; thus, there were no differences between activation via irrigation or by rainfall. However, as in 2014, grain sorghum and corn were injured 16% and 13%, respectively, by the higher rate of sethoxydim, averaged over plant-back dates. All herbicides provided little residual control of grass weeds, mainly broadleaf signalgrass and barnyardgrass. These findings indicate the need to continue allowing a plant-back interval to rice following a graminicide application, unless quizalofop-resistant rice is to be planted. The plant-back interval will vary by graminicide and the amount of moisture received following the application.

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