Subjective effects of modafinil, a new central adrenergic stimulant in healthy volunteers: a comparison with amphetamine, caffeine and placebo

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Warot ◽  
E Corruble ◽  
C Payan ◽  
JS Weil ◽  
AJ Puech
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Addiction Research Center Inventory

SummaryThe subjective, behavioral and physiological effects of modafinil (300 mg PO) a new central adrenergic stimulant, were compared with those of dextroamphetamine (15 mg PO), caffeine (300 mg PO) and placebo in a randomized double-blind cross-over study. Sixteen healthy volunteers participated in the study y: 8 males and 8 females with no history of drug abuse and moderate use of caffeine. Subjective and behavioral effects were studied using the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI), Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Visual Analog Scales before and 1, 2, 4 and 8 h post single oral dosing. Results showed that subjective effects of modafinil (300 mg) differed markedly from those of dextroamphetamine (15 mg). They were close to those produced by caffeine (300 mg). These results indicate that modafinil (300 mg) does not possess amphetamine-like subjective effects in a healthy population. If subjective feelings are related to drug abuse liability, it could be assumed that modafinil, at the dose used in therapeutics, does not possess any abuse liability comparable to amphetamine.

scholarly journals Neuroticism as a predictor of mood change: The effects of tryptophan depletion

2002 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Stewart ◽  
I.J. Deary ◽  
K. P. Ebmeier
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Family History ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Acute Tryptophan Depletion ◽  
Tryptophan Depletion ◽  
Mood Change ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mood And Cognition ◽  
Double Blind Crossover Study

BackgroundAcute tryptophan depletion (ATD) results in a transient lowering of mood in patients recovered from depression and in healthy volunteers with a family history of affective disorders. The personality trait of neuroticism is strongly associated with depression.AimsTo assess whether neuroticism predicts mood change in response to ATD in healthy volunteers.MethodHealthy volunteers who scored at the top and bottom fifth percentiles of neuroticism scores (17 and 15 respectively) were selected. In a double-blind, crossover study they received a tryptophan-free or a control drink. Mood and cognition were assessed.ResultsNeuroticism did not predict the amount of mood change following ATD but did moderate performance on the verbal fluency test. A family history of affective disorder (n=5) predicted mood change but not cognitive function following ATD.ConclusionsNeuroticism moderates aspects of cognitive function, but in this study it was not strongly related with mood change via serotonin.

Interactions between mephedrone and alcohol in humans: Cardiovascular and subjective effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S115-S115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Farré ◽  
C. Perez-Maña ◽  
E. de Souza ◽  
J. Mateus ◽  
E. Theunisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Synthetic Cathinone ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionMephedrone is a synthetic cathinone derivative included in the class of “New-Novel Psychoactive Substances”. Synthetic cathinones are marketed as “bath salts” or “plant food” and gained notable popularity for similar effects to 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy), or amphetamines. Mephedrone is commonly consumed simultaneously with alcohol.Objectives and aimsThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the interactions between mephedrone and ethanol in humans.MethodsTwelve healthy male, recreational users of psychostimulants participated as outpatients in four experimental sessions. They received a single oral dose of mephedrone (200 mg) and alcohol (0.8 g/kg), mephedrone placebo and alcohol (0.8 g/kg), mephedrone (200 mg) and placebo alcohol, and both placebos. Design was double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, cross-over and controlled with placebo. Study variables included: vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, and pupil diameter), subjective effects (visual analogue scales-VAS, ARCI-49 item short form, and VESSPA questionnaire).ResultsThe combination produced an increase in the cardiovascular effects of mephedrone and induced more intense feeling of euphoria and well-being in comparison to mephedrone and alcohol. Mephedrone reduced the drunkenness and sedation produced by alcohol.ConclusionsThese results are similar to those obtained with the combination of other psychostimulants as amphetamines and MDMA. Abuse liability of the combination is greater that induced by mephedrone.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Hereditary Heparin Cofactor II Deficiency and the Risk of Development of Thrombosis

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (02) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Bertina ◽  
I K van der Linden ◽  
L Engesser ◽  
H P Muller ◽  
E J P Brommer
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Heparin Cofactor Ii ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hereditary Nature

SummaryHeparin cofactor II (HC II) levels were measured by electroimmunoassay in healthy volunteers, and patients with liver disease, DIC, proteinuria or a history of venous thrombosis. Analysis of the data in 107 healthy volunteers revealed that plasma HC II increases with age (at least between 20 and 50 years). HC II was found to be decreased in most patients with liver disease (mean value: 43%) and only in some patients with DIC. Elevated levels were found in patients with proteinuria (mean value 145%). In 277 patients with a history of unexplained venous thrombosis three patients were identified with a HC II below the lower limit of the normal range (60%). Family studies demonstrated hereditary HC II deficiency in two cases. Among the 9 heterozygotes for HC II deficiency only one patient had a well documented history of unexplained thrombosis. Therefore the question was raised whether heterozygotes for HC II deficiency can also be found among healthy volunteers. When defining a group of individuals suspected of HC II deficiency as those who have a 90% probability that their plasma HC II is below the 95% tolerance limits of the normal distribution in the relevant age group, 2 suspected HC II deficiencies were identified among the healthy volunteers. In one case the hereditary nature of the defect could be established.It is concluded that hereditary HC II deficiency is as prevalent among healthy volunteers as in patients with thrombotic disease. Further it is unlikely that heterozygosity for HC II deficiency in itself is a risk factor for the development of venous thrombosis.

Effects of Neurapas® balance on sleep EEG, cognitive performance and mood: A double-blind randomised cross-over study in healthy volunteers

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Giesler ◽  
A Thum ◽  
A Haag ◽  
A Wartenberg-Demandt ◽  
G McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Double Blind
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