Temporal trends in circulating Bordetella pertussis strains in Australia

Australia experienced a resurgence of pertussis in the 1990s despite improved vaccine coverage. Although much of the increase was attributable to increased detection of cases in older persons with waning immunity by serology, vaccine changes or alterations in circulating Bordetella pertussis strains may also have contributed. We determined the frequency of variants of B. pertussis pertactin (prn), and pertussis toxin subunit 1 (ptxS1) genes, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) types and fimbrial serotypes prevalent in Australia prior to, and during the 1990s. Ampoules of the whole-cell vaccine in use prior to 1999 and 84 B. pertussis isolates stored between 1967 and 1998 by laboratories around Australia were analysed. One pertactin allele, Prn3, not detected before 1985, was found in 24 out of 57 (42%) isolates between 1989 and 1998 (P<0·0001). PtxS1A was found in all isolates. IS1002 type 29, found in 17 out of 31 (55%) isolates tested, was the predominant RFLP type. The only difference in fimbrial serotype distribution between the time-periods was an increase in serotype 3 (P=0·054). The whole-cell vaccine contained only the alleles prn1 and ptxS1A. Antigenic shift in B. pertussis may have contributed to the re-emergence of pertussis in Australia. Monitoring these trends will be important as acellular vaccines are introduced and changes are made to pertussis vaccine schedules.

Download Full-text

Antigenic Divergence between Bordetella pertussis Clinical Isolates from Moscow, Russia, and Vaccine Strains

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00294-06 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 234-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Olga Borisova ◽

Svetlana Yu Kombarova ◽

Nelli S. Zakharova ◽

Marjolein van Gent ◽

Vladimir A. Aleshkin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Vaccine Type ◽

Whole Cell Vaccine ◽

Waning Immunity ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

The 1960S ◽

Selection Of

ABSTRACT We analyzed temporal changes in the frequencies of the ptxA, prn, fim2, and fim3 alleles in Bordetella pertussis strains isolated from pertussis patients in Moscow, Russia, from 1948 to 2004. The three strains used for the whole-cell vaccine harbored the alleles ptxA2, ptxA4, prn1, fim2-1, and fim3A. Vaccine-type alleles of ptxA (ptxA2 and ptxA4) were characteristic for all prevaccination strains and for 96% of the strains isolated in the 1960s and 1970s. At the beginning of the 1970s, ptxA2 and ptxA4 were replaced by the ptxA1 allele. In the 1980s and to the present, strains with ptxA1 were predominant in the B. pertussis population. All prevaccination strains harbored the prn1 allele, which corresponds to the vaccine-type allele. In subsequent years, the proportion of strains with the prn1 allele decreased and the proportion of prn3 and prn2 strains increased. From 2002 to 2004 strains with prn2 or prn3 were predominant in the B. pertussis population. The vaccine-type alleles fim2-1 and fim3A were found in all prevaccination strains and in 92% of the strains isolated from 1960 to 1989. The fim2-2 and fim3B alleles were first observed at the beginning of the 1980s. In subsequent years, these strains became predominant. Together with waning immunity, the antigenic divergence between vaccine strains and clinical isolates observed in the Moscow area may explain the persistence of pertussis, despite the high rates of vaccine coverage. The results demonstrate that the selection of B. pertussis strains for vaccine manufacturing must be based on a thorough study of the B. pertussis population.

Download Full-text

Bordetella pertussis outer membrane vesicle vaccine confers equal efficacy in mice with milder inflammatory responses compared to a whole-cell vaccine

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep38240 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

René H. M. Raeven ◽

Jolanda Brummelman ◽

Jeroen L. A. Pennings ◽

Larissa van der Maas ◽

Wichard Tilstra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Outer Membrane ◽

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Membrane Vesicle ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Outer Membrane Vesicle ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Whole Cell Vaccine ◽

Equal Efficacy

Download Full-text

Polymorphism of Bordetella pertussis Isolates Circulating for the Last 10 Years in France, Where a Single Effective Whole-Cell Vaccine Has Been Used for More than 30 Years

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.39.12.4396-4403.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 4396-4403 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

C. Weber ◽

C. Boursaux-Eude ◽

G. Coralie ◽

V. Caro ◽

N. Guiso

Keyword(s):

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Whole Cell Vaccine

Download Full-text

Fha Deficient Bordetella pertussis Isolates in Iran with 50 Years Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccination

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v50i7.6636 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samaneh Saedi ◽

Azadeh Safarchi ◽

Faranak Tayebzadeh Moghadam ◽

Siamak Heidarzadeh ◽

Vajihe Sadat Nikbin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Filamentous Hemagglutinin ◽

Whole Cell Vaccine ◽

Acellular Vaccine

Background: Bordetella pertussis, a highly contagious respiratory. Notably, the resurgence of pertussis has recently been associated with the lacking production of vaccine virulence factors. This study aimed to screen pertactin (Prn) and filamentous hemagglutinin (Fha) production in Iran with 50 years' whole cell vaccine (WCV) immunization program. Methods: Overall, 130 B. pertussis isolates collected from Pertussis Reference Laboratory of Iran during 2005-2018. Real-time PCR was performed by targeting IS481, ptxP, IS1001 and IS1002 for species confirmation of B. pertussis. Western-blot was used to evaluate the expression of virulence factors (pertactin and filamentous hemagglutinin). Results: All tested B. pertussis isolates expressed Prn and all except two isolates expressed Fha. We have sequenced genomes of these strains and identified differences compared with genome reference B. pertussis Tohama I. Conclusion: Many countries reporting Prn and Fha-deficiency due to acellular vaccine (ACV) pressure. Our results demonstrate in a country with WCV history, Fha-deficient isolates may rise independently. However, Prn-deficient isolates are more under the ACV pressure in B. pertussis isolates. Continues surveillance will provide a better understanding of the effect of WCV on the evolution of the pathogen deficiency.

Download Full-text

Antibody Responses to Bordetella pertussis Fim2 or Fim3 following Immunization with a Whole-Cell, Two-Component, or Five-Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine and following Pertussis Disease in Children in Sweden in 1997 and 2007

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00641-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 165-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hans Hallander ◽

Abdolreza Advani ◽

Frances Alexander ◽

Lennart Gustafsson ◽

Margaretha Ljungman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pertussis Vaccine ◽

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Content Type ◽

Two Component ◽

Whole Cell Vaccine

ABSTRACTBordetella pertussisfimbriae (Fim2 and Fim3) are components of a five-component acellular pertussis vaccine (diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine [DTaP5]), and antibody responses to fimbriae have been associated with protection. We analyzed the IgG responses to individual Fim2 and Fim3 in sera remaining from a Swedish placebo-controlled efficacy trial that compared a whole-cell vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine [DTwP]), a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP2), and DTaP5. One month following three doses of the Fim-containing vaccines (DTwP or DTaP5), anti-Fim2 geometric mean IgG concentrations were higher than those for anti-Fim3, with a greater anti-Fim2/anti-Fim3 IgG ratio elicited by DTaP5. We also determined the responses in vaccinated children following an episode of pertussis. Those who received DTaP5 showed a large rise in anti-Fim2 IgG, reflecting the predominant Fim2 serotype at the time. In contrast, those who received DTwP showed an equal rise in anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, indicating that DTwP may provide a more efficient priming effect for a Fim3 response following contact withB. pertussis. Anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were also determined in samples from two seroprevalence studies conducted in Sweden in 1997, when no pertussis vaccine was used and Fim2 isolates predominated, and in 2007, when either DTaP2 or DTaP3 without fimbriae was used and Fim3 isolates predominated. Very similar distributions of anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were obtained in 1997 and 2007, except that anti-Fim3 concentrations in 1997 were lower. This observation, together with the numbers of individuals with both anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, strongly suggests thatB. pertussisexpresses both Fim2 and Fim3 during infection.

Download Full-text

Comparison of 13 Acellular Pertussis Vaccines: Adverse Reactions

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.96.3.557 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 557-566

Author(s):

Michael D. Decker ◽

Kathryn M. Edwards ◽

Mark C. Steinhoff ◽

Margaret B. Rennels ◽

Michael E. Pichichero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reactions ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Whole Cell ◽

The Third ◽

Efficacy Trials ◽

Healthy Infants ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Whole Cell Vaccine ◽

Acellular Vaccines

Objective. To compare the reactogenicity of a licensed conventional whole-cell (WCL) and 13 acellular pertussis vaccines that differed in the source, manufacture, and quantity of included antigens; all vaccines included diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. Methods. Healthy infants were enrolled through six university-based vaccine and treatment evaluation units and were randomized to receive one of the study vaccines at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Parents recorded the occurrence of fever, redness, swelling, pain, fussiness, drowsiness, anorexia, and use of antipyretics for 2 weeks after each inoculation; nurses interviewed parents on the third day and at each succeeding visit; long-term follow-up information was collected from parents and medical records 1 year after the third immunization. Results. Of 2200 vaccinated infants, 2189 contributed reaction data after 6375 vaccinations. For every acellular vaccine, every monitored reaction except vomiting occurred at a significantly lower frequency and severity than was seen with WCL. The groups receiving acellular pertussis vaccines differed significantly with respect to redness, swelling, pain, and vomiting, but not with respect to fussiness, antipyretic use, drowsiness, or anorexia. Conclusion. Although there were differences among the acellular vaccines, none was consistently the most or least reactogenic; all were associated with substantially fewer and less severe adverse reactions than a standard commercial whole-cell vaccine. Selection of acellular vaccines for further development and for introduction into efficacy trials can give priority to assessments of immunogenicity and purity, with comparative reactogenicity a secondary consideration.

Download Full-text