scholarly journals Serum antibodies to secreted proteins in patients infected with Escherichia coli O157 and other VTEC

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. CHART ◽  
C. JENKINS ◽  
H. R. SMITH ◽  
B. ROWE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Haemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Gut Mucosa

Certain strains of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC), and in particular those belonging to serogroup O157, cause attaching and effacing (AE) lesions of the host gut mucosa during pathogenesis. The mechanisms involved with bacterial attachment and the destruction of microvilli are determined by a cluster of genes within the LEE region, which also encode five secreted proteins. Sera from patients with antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of E. coli O157 and other VTEC were tested for antibodies to these secreted proteins. Twenty-one of 34 (62%) sera with antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of E. coli O157 also contained antibodies to one or more of the secreted proteins. Five of 12 sera containing antibodies to the LPS of a range of other VTEC serogroups also contained antibodies to 1 or more of the 5 secreted proteins, as did 16 of 70 (23%) sera from patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), haemorrhagic colitis (HC) or diarrhoea, but without bacteriological evidence of infection with VTEC and which did not contain antibodies to VTEC serogroups O5, O115, O145, O153 or O157. The detection of serum antibodies to secreted proteins may provide additional information for interpreting the results of established lipopolysaccharide-based VTEC serology.

Behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Damaged Leaves of Spinach, Lettuce, Cilantro, and Parsley Stored at Abusive Temperatures

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROWAIDA K. KHALIL ◽  
JOSEPH F. FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Additional Information

Recent foodborne illness outbreaks associated with the consumption of leafy green produce indicates a need for additional information on the behavior of pathogenic bacteria on these products. Previous research indicates that pathogen growth and survival is enhanced by leaf damage. The objective of this study was to compare the behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on damaged leaves of baby Romaine lettuce, spinach, cilantro, and parsley stored at three abusive temperatures (8, 12, and 15°C). The damaged portions of leaves were inoculated with approximately 105 CFU E. coli O157:H7 per leaf. The pathogen grew on damaged spinach leaves held for 3 days at 8 and 12°C (P < 0.05), with the population increasing by 1.18 and 2.08 log CFU per leaf, respectively. E. coli O157:H7 did not grow on damaged Romaine leaves at 8 or 12°C, but growth was observed after 8 h of storage at 15°C, with an increase of less than 1.0 log. Growth of E. coli O157:H7 on Romaine lettuce held at 8 or 12°C was enhanced when inocula were suspended in 0.05% ascorbic acid, indicating the possibility of inhibition by oxidation reactions associated with tissue damage. Damaged cilantro and Italian parsley leaves held at 8°C for 4 days did not support the growth of E. coli O157:H7. Behavior of the pathogen in leaf extracts differed from behavior on the damaged tissue. This study provides evidence that the damaged portion of a leafy green is a distinct growth niche that elicits different microbial responses in the various types of leafy greens.

Is There a Relation between the Microscopic Leaf Morphology and the Association of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 with Iceberg Lettuce Leaves?

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1784-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
INGE VAN der LINDEN ◽  
MARKUS ERIKSSON ◽  
MIEKE UYTTENDAELE ◽  
FRANK DEVLIEGHERE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
Morphological Differences

ABSTRACT To prevent contamination of fresh produce with enteric pathogens, more insight into mechanisms that may influence the association of these pathogens with fresh produce is needed. In this study, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella were chosen as model pathogens, and fresh cut iceberg lettuce was chosen as a model fresh produce type. The morphological structure of iceberg lettuce leaves (stomatal density and length of cell margins per leaf area) was quantified by means of leaf peels and light microscopy of leaves at different stages of development (outer, middle, and inner leaves of the crop) on both leaf sides (abaxial and adxial) and in three leaf regions (top, center, and bottom). The morphology of the top region of the leaves was distinctly different from that of the center and base, with a significantly higher stomatal density (up to five times more stomata), different cell shape, and longer cell margins (two to three times longer). Morphological differences between the same regions of the leaves at different stages of development were smaller or nonsignificant. An attachment assay with two attenuated E. coli O157:H7 strains (84-24h11-GFP and BRMSID 188 GFP) and two Salmonella strains (serovars Thompson and Typhimurium) was performed on different regions of the middle leaves. Our results confirmed earlier reports that these pathogens have a higher affinity for the base of the lettuce leaf than the top. Differences of up to 2.12 log CFU/g were seen (E. coli O157:H7 86-24h11-GFP). Intermediate attachment occurred in the central region. The higher incidence of preferential bacterial attachment sites such as stomata and cell margins or grooves could not explain the differences observed in the association of the tested pathogens with different regions of iceberg lettuce leaves.

scholarly journals Predictors for the development of haemolytic uraemic syndrome with Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 infections: with focus on the day of illness

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. IKEDA ◽  
O. IDA ◽  
K. KIMOTO ◽  
T. TAKATORIGE ◽  
N. NAKANISHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
School Lunches ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Wbc Count

A large outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 infections via school lunches occurred at primary schools in 1996 in Sakai City, Japan. As many as 10000 patients suffered from diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). Using data on 288 inpatient school children affected by this outbreak, of whom 36 presented complete HUS and the remaining 252 tested positive for E. coli O157 culture, we attempted to identify predictors for the progression to HUS. Within the first 5 days of illness, clinical features associated with inpatients who developed HUS compared with those without HUS included a C reactive protein (CRP) level higher than 1·2 mg/dl (OR 44·26; 95% CI 5·83–336·23), a white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 11·0 × 109/1 (OR 5·03; 95% CI 27·13–11·87) and a temperature higher than 38·0 °C (OR 5·00; 95% CI 2·25–117·08). It can be concluded that these three factors are predictive factors for the development of HUS in patients with E. coli O157 infection, and patients who have two or all of these factors should be observed closely.

scholarly journals Analysis of saliva for antibodies to the LPS of Escherichia coli O157 in patients with serum antibodies to E. coli O157 LPS

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 569-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Chart ◽  
Neil T. Perry ◽  
Geraldine A. Willshaw ◽  
Thomas Cheasty
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
E Coli

scholarly journals Enhanced surveillance of haemolytic uraemic syndrome and other thrombotic microangiopathies in Scotland, 2003-2004

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Thrombotic Microangiopathies ◽  
E Coli

Previous surveillance of childhood haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in Scotland has identified Escherichia coli O157 in over 90% of cases, and infection with E. coli O157 is now reported to be one of the major causes of acute renal failure in children

Sanitation and Design of Lettuce Coring Knives for Minimizing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Contamination

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN ZHOU ◽  
YAGUANG LUO ◽  
PATRICIA MILLNER ◽  
HAO FENG
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Soil Slurry ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Welding Joints ◽  
A Site

This study was undertaken to examine the effect of ultrasound in combination with chlorine on the reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations on lettuce coring knives. Two new coring devices designed to mitigate pathogen attachment were fabricated and evaluated. The coring rings of the knives were dip inoculated with soil slurry containing 106 E. coli cells and treated with chlorinated water with and without ultrasonication for 30, 60, and 120 s. The rough welding joints on currently used in-field lettuce coring knives provided a site conducive to bacterial attachment and resistant to cell removal during sanitation treatment. The two modified coring knives harbored significantly fewer E. coli cells than did the currently used commercial model, and the efficacy of the disinfection treatment was high (P < 0.05). Ultrasound treatment reduced the E. coli O157:H7 counts to below the detection limit of 1.10 log CFU/cm2 at both the coring ring blade and welding joint within 30 s in 1 ppm of chlorinated water. The redesigned coring knives and an ultrasound plus chlorine combination treatment may provide practical options for minimizing the microbial safety hazards of lettuce processed by core-in-field operations.

scholarly journals Human infections with verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 – 10 years of E. coli O157 serodiagnosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1389-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Chart ◽  
Thomas Cheasty
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Health Protection Agency ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Somatic Antigens

From 1997 to 2007, the Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens (LEP), Health Protection Agency, UK, received sera from 2148 patients for testing for antibodies to the LPS of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157. A total of 676 (31.5 %) sera had antibodies binding the LPS of E. coli O157 and the majority of patients were below the age of 10 years, a trend observed for both males and females. Antibody-positive patients had haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in 79.3 % of cases and most of these presented with the atypical (D−) form of HUS. Nine patients were shown to have antibodies to the LPS of E. coli belonging to serogroups O26 (4), O103 (2), O111 (1) and O145 (2) and one patient had antibodies to the somatic antigens of both E. coli O26 and O103. The serodiagnosis of infections with E. coli O157 and other VTEC continues to be an important adjunct to bacteriology. Where clinicians suspect the involvement of a VTEC in disease, patients' sera should be submitted to the LEP for analysis without delay.

scholarly journals SHORT PAPER The stimulating effect of fosfomycin, an antibiotic in common use in Japan, on the production/release of verotoxin-1 from enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 in vitro

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. YOH ◽  
T. HONDA
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
School Lunch ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Haemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Osaka Prefecture

In 1996 Japan had a big outbreak of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157[ratio ]H7, especially in Osaka prefecture where about 6000 patients (mainly schoolchildren) suffered from diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) due to EHEC infection via school lunch. Our survey of doctors who took care of those patients showed that most patients had received antibiotics, especially fosfomycin which comprised 84% of the prescribed treatment. Since the administration of antibiotics for EHEC infection is under discussion, we analysed the effect of fosfomycin on production/release of verotoxins (VTs). Addition of fosfomycin into EHEC culture in CAYE broth at 2 and 5 h after start of incubation caused marked increase of VT1 release. This observation warns of the possibility of fosfomycin treatment making the disease worse.

scholarly journals Extended phage-typing scheme forEscherichia coli0157:H7

1990 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Khakhria ◽  
D. Duck ◽  
H. Lior
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Typing Scheme ◽  
Haemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Food Borne

SUMMARYIn Canada, the number of human isolates of verotoxigenic (VT +ve)Escherichia coli0157:H7 from diarrhoeal cases and haemolytic uraemic syndrome and haemorrhagic colitis has increased from 25 in 1982 to 2384 in 1989. A total of 3273 VT + veE. coli0157:H7 strains (3255 strains isolated in Canada and 18 isolates from other countries) were phage typed. The phage typing scheme has been extended from 14 to 62 phage types. Of these, five types occurred exclusively in other countries (type 47 in Japan; and types 49, 50, 51 and 52 in the U.K.). Thirty-five different phage types were identified in Canada; only nine of these (1, 2, 4, 8, 14, 21, 23, 31 and 32), each accounted for more than 1 % of the cases from human sources. The same nine types were the only ones observed among the isolates from non-human sources (meat and slaughter houses) suggesting a food-borne transmission in most of the human cases. Phage types 1 (30·5%); 4 (21%); 8 (13·5%); 31 (8·9%) and 14 (8%) were encountered in varying frequencies in most of the provinces; infrequently occurring phage types also showed regional variation. Thirteen different phage types were identified among 151 outbreaks representing 556 isolates ofE. coli0157:H7. More than one phage type were encountered in 12 outbreaks whereas in 141 outbreaks, all strains in each, had the same phage type.

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