scholarly journals A community-wide outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium infection associated with eating a raw milk soft cheese in France

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DE VALK ◽  
E. DELAROCQUE-ASTAGNEAU ◽  
G. COLOMB ◽  
S. PLE ◽  
E. GODARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Community Controls ◽  
Control Study

In 1997, a community-wide outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) infection occurred in France. The investigation included case searching and a case-control study. A case was defined as a resident of the Jura district with fever or diarrhoea between 12 May and 8 July 1997, from whom S. typhimurium was isolated in stool or blood. One hundred and thirteen cases were identified. Thirty-three (83%) of 40 cases but only 23 (55%) of 42 community controls, matched for age and area of residence, reported eating Morbier cheese (Odds ratio: 6·5; 95% Confidence Interval: 1·4–28·8). Morbier cheese samples taken from the refrigerators of two case-patients and one symptom-free neighbour cultured positive for S. typhimurium of the same phage type as the human isolates. The analysis of distribution channels incriminated one batch from a single processing plant. These findings show that an unpasteurized soft cheese is an effective vehicle of S. typhimurium transmission.

A Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Infection Linked to Raw Milk Consumption—Ohio, 2003

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2165-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
JACEK MAZUREK ◽  
ELLEN SALEHI ◽  
DENNIS PROPES ◽  
JO HOLT ◽  
TAMMY BANNERMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Case Patient ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

In December 2002, the Ohio Department of Health was notified of two children with Salmonella infection. Both had a history of drinking raw milk from a combination dairy-restaurant-petting zoo (dairy). The dairy was the only establishment in Ohio licensed to sell raw milk and reported 1.35 million visitors annually. We investigated to determine the extent of the outbreak and identify illness risk factors. A case patient was any person with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis–matched Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium from 30 November 2002 to 18 February 2003. Sixty-two met the confirmed case definition. Forty dairy case patient patrons were included in a case-control study; 56 controls were their well meal companions. Consumption of raw milk was found to be associated with illness (odds ratio, 45.1; 95% confidence interval, 8.8 to 311.9). The dairy discontinued selling raw milk. Because 27 other states still allow the sale of raw milk, awareness of the hazards of its consumption should be raised and relevant regulations carefully reviewed.

A prolonged outbreak ofSalmonellaTyphimurium infection related to an uncommon vehicle: hard cheese made from raw milk

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1548-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. H. P. VAN DUYNHOVEN ◽  
L. D. ISKEN ◽  
K. BORGEN ◽  
M. BESSELSE ◽  
K. SOETHOUDT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hard Cheese

SUMMARYIn 2006, in The Netherlands, an outbreak ofSalmonellaTyphimurium phage type 561 (STM DT7, corresponding to the rare DT7 in the international typing scheme) was detected, accumulating to over 200 cases. By telephone interviews, data were collected from all laboratory-confirmed cases. In addition, in August 2006, a case-control study was performed in a subset of cases. Environmental and microbiological investigation was performed on a suspected dairy farm. In the case-control study (51 cases, 105 matched controls), hard cheese purchased from a farm, specifically farm X, and from a market stall were found to be associated with infection. The dairy production room of farm X tested STM DT7-positive in August. However, it was only in November, after earlier unsuccessful attempts, that a low-level contamination was confirmed in the hard farmhouse cheese, triggering control measures. A timely and adequate response was hampered during this outbreak for several reasons. Measures for improvement in handling future similar incidents are discussed.

scholarly journals A multi-centre prospective case-control study of campylobacter infection in persons aged 5 years and older in Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. STAFFORD ◽  
P. SCHLUTER ◽  
M. KIRK ◽  
A. WILSON ◽  
L. UNICOMB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Community Controls ◽  
Population Attributable Risks ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThere are an estimated 277 000 cases of campylobacteriosis in Australia each year, most of which are thought to be sporadically acquired. To explore causes for these infections, we conducted a multi-centre case-control study of patients and community controls across five Australian States during 2001–2002. A total of 881 campylobacter cases and 833 controls aged ⩾5 years were recruited into the study. Crude logistic analyses were conducted within various food and non-food exposure groups. A final most parsimonious multivariable logistic regression model was developed and adjusted odds ratios (aOR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived together with adjusted population attributable risks (PAR). Consumption of undercooked chicken (aOR 4·7, 95% CI 2·6–8·4) and offal (aOR 2·0, 95% CI 1·0–4·0), ownership of domestic chickens aged <6 months (aOR 12·4, 95% CI 2·6–59·3) and domestic dogs aged <6 months (aOR 2·1, 95% CI 1·1–4·2) were found to be independent risk factors for illness in the final model. The PAR proportions indicate that eating chicken meat, either cooked or undercooked may account for approximately 30% of campylobacter cases that occur each year in Australia. These results justify the continued need for education of consumers and foodhandlers about the risks associated with the handling of raw chicken and the potential for cross-contamination.

scholarly journals Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and gallbladder cancer: a case–control study and meta‐analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3310-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Koshiol ◽  
Aniela Wozniak ◽  
Paz Cook ◽  
Christina Adaniel ◽  
Johanna Acevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallbladder Cancer ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Control Study

A Salmonella Typhimurium phage type (PT) U320 outbreak in England, 2008: continuation of a trend involving ready-to-eat products

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
pp. 1936-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. BOXALL ◽  
G. K. ADAK ◽  
E. DE PINNA ◽  
I. A. GILLESPIE
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Retail Chain ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Link ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYIn March 2008, the Health Protection Agency in England conducted a retrospective case-control study to investigate the cause of 179 cases of the newly recognized, fully antimicrobial-sensitive Salmonella Typhimurium PT U320. Forty-three symptomatic laboratory-confirmed case-patients and 84 asymptomatic location-matched controls were interviewed by telephone about exposures in the 3 days prior to illness or interview. Multivariate logistic analysis indicated consumption of pre-packaged egg sandwiches (odds ratio 3·29, 95% confidence interval 1·19–9·09) was independently associated with illness. Eight of the 15 case-patients who consumed egg sandwiches did so from retail chain A (53·3%) whereas none of the eight controls consumed similar sandwiches (χ2=7·20, P⩽0·01). A review of the pre-packaged egg sandwich ingredients suggested this outbreak was probably caused by exposure to an ingredient common to pre-packaged sandwiches and prepared salads but we established a definitive epidemiological link with only the former. Short shelf-life, product diversity and investigation lag hinder epidemiological investigations of such popular products, providing continued challenges for food safety enforcement of freshly prepared produce.

scholarly journals National outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b in England, September to December 2009: case–control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Janmohamed ◽  
D Zenner ◽  
C Little ◽  
C Lane ◽  
J Wain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Binary File ◽  
Control Study

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches

A Foodborne Outbreak Traced to Niacin Overenrichment

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL J. HUDSON ◽  
RICHARD L. VOGT
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Foodborne Outbreak ◽  
Toxic Reaction ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Control Study

In September 1983, the Vermont Department of Health identified seven employees who developed facial and skin flushing and erythema within minutes of eating lunch in a hospital cafeteria. None had vomiting or diarrhea. Because of the unusual nature of the symptoms, a case-control study was undertaken. All symptomatic individuals were interviewed regarding symptoms and food consumption. A case was defined as anyone who experienced visible erythema after lunch at the hospital on September 16. For each case, two friends who had eaten lunch in the cafeteria on the same day were selected as controls. All ill persons had consumed beef-rice soup, which was significantly associated with illness (P&lt;0.001). The median time from consumption of soup to onset of symptoms was 10 min. The nature of symptoms and the brief incubation period suggested a toxic reaction to niacin. The niacin content per serving of soup consumed was determined to be 162 mg (12 times the total daily recommended amount of 13 mg). The niacin content of the enriched rice used to make the soup was 2,636 mg per pound (160 times the amount declared by the manufacturer). The excess niacin was traced to inadequate mixing of rice with enrichment powder at the processing plant. The investigation underscores the potential for toxic effects from foods which are improperly enriched.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document