Molecular evolutionary relationships of the octopodid genus Thaumeledone (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) from the Southern Ocean

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Strugnell ◽  
M.A. Collins ◽  
A.L. Allcock
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Sequence Variability ◽  
Shetland Islands

AbstractRecent trawling in the Southern Ocean has yielded individuals of a number of species of the deep sea octopod genus Thaumeledone. This paper provides the first molecular study of the genus, employing molecular sequences from five mitochondrial (12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, COI, COIII, cytochrome oxidase b) and a single nuclear gene (rhodopsin) and includes representatives of each of the known Southern Ocean species. Thaumeledone rotunda, believed to be circumpolar in distribution and found in relatively deep water is the sister taxa to T. gunteri, known only from South Georgia. A notable level of sequence variability was evident between a T. peninsulae individual recently captured from the Powell Basin, and two T. peninsulae individuals captured from the continental slope, north of the South Shetland Islands. This is likely to represent population level intraspecific variation within this species.

The work of the Discovery Committee

1950 ◽  
Vol 202 (1068) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Original Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Staff ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Whaling Industry ◽  
Major Industry ◽  
Colonial Office

The geographical field in which most of the Discovery Committee’s work has been carried out during the past 25 years is the Southern Ocean. This zone of continuous deep water, very rich in marine fife, supports one major industry—the whaling industry—but is otherwise little developed as yet, and seldom visited. It is not easy to find a short descriptive label for the work itself, but nearly all of it comes under the headings of deep-sea oceanography, whales and whaling, or Antarctic geography, and much of it is concerned with the interrelations of these subjects. Since the beginning in 1924 the Discovery Committee has worked under the Colonial Office, but in 1949 the Committee’s functions, together with the scientific staff, the ships, and other assets, were taken over by the Admiralty, and now form part of the new National Institute of Oceanography. The Discovery Committee, in its original form, has been dissolved, but it is encouraging to know that the continuation of its work is assured.

scholarly journals New records of isopod species of the Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 1, Admiralty Bay, South Shetland Islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-419
Author(s):  
Karol Zemko ◽  
Krzysztof Pabis ◽  
Jacek Siciński ◽  
Magdalena Błażewicz
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
New Records ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Marine Basins

AbstractAdmiralty Bay (King George Island) is an Antarctic Specially Managed Area and one the most thoroughly studied small-scale marine basins in the Southern Ocean. Our study provides new data on the isopod fauna in this glacially affected fjord. Twelve species of isopods were recorded in this basin for the first time. Six of them were found for the first time in the region of the South Shetland Islands. The highest number of species new for Admiralty Bay were found in the families Munnopsidae (4 species) and Munnidae (3 species).

Primary production and bacterial carbon metabolism around South Shetland Islands in the Southern Ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Teira ◽  
Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido ◽  
Sandra Martínez-García ◽  
Cristina Sobrino ◽  
Julia Ameneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Shetland Islands

Biodiversity and structure of the suprabenthic assemblages from South Shetland Islands and Bransfield Strait, Southern Ocean

Polar Biology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. San Vicente ◽  
J. Castelló ◽  
J. Corbera ◽  
A. Jimeno ◽  
T. Munilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Bransfield Strait

scholarly journals The biodiversity of the deep Southern Ocean benthos

2006 ◽  
Vol 362 (1477) ◽  
pp. 39-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Brandt ◽  
C De Broyer ◽  
I De Mesel ◽  
K.E Ellingsen ◽  
A.J Gooday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Biodiversity Patterns ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Relationship Of

Our knowledge of the biodiversity of the Southern Ocean (SO) deep benthos is scarce. In this review, we describe the general biodiversity patterns of meio-, macro- and megafaunal taxa, based on historical and recent expeditions, and against the background of the geological events and phylogenetic relationships that have influenced the biodiversity and evolution of the investigated taxa. The relationship of the fauna to environmental parameters, such as water depth, sediment type, food availability and carbonate solubility, as well as species interrelationships, probably have shaped present-day biodiversity patterns as much as evolution. However, different taxa exhibit different large-scale biodiversity and biogeographic patterns. Moreover, there is rarely any clear relationship of biodiversity pattern with depth, latitude or environmental parameters, such as sediment composition or grain size. Similarities and differences between the SO biodiversity and biodiversity of global oceans are outlined. The high percentage (often more than 90%) of new species in almost all taxa, as well as the high degree of endemism of many groups, may reflect undersampling of the area, and it is likely to decrease as more information is gathered about SO deep-sea biodiversity by future expeditions. Indeed, among certain taxa such as the Foraminifera, close links at the species level are already apparent between deep Weddell Sea faunas and those from similar depths in the North Atlantic and Arctic. With regard to the vertical zonation from the shelf edge into deep water, biodiversity patterns among some taxa in the SO might differ from those in other deep-sea areas, due to the deep Antarctic shelf and the evolution of eurybathy in many species, as well as to deep-water production that can fuel the SO deep sea with freshly produced organic matter derived not only from phytoplankton, but also from ice algae.

scholarly journals Marine richness and gradients at Deception Island, Antarctica

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K.A. Barnes ◽  
Katrin Linse ◽  
Peter Enderlein ◽  
Dan Smale ◽  
Keiron P.P. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Antarctic Marine ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Total Species

AbstractStudies of the recovery of the fauna following the 1967–70 eruptions at Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, have made it one of the best-studied marine sites of the Southern Ocean for biodiversity. Using SCUBA we surveyed the mega- and macro-epifauna of its subtidal zones in the entrance (Neptune's Bellows), immediately inside the caldera (Whaler's Bay) and well within the caldera (Fumarole Bay). Richness declined from 10 phyla, 13 classes and 35 species at Neptune's Bellows to three phyla, four classes and five species in Whaler's Bay and just two phyla, classes and species at Fumarole Bay. Amongst the 35 species we found at Neptune's Bellows, 14 were previously unrecorded from Deception Island. Despite many ship visits and amongst the warmest sea temperatures in the Southern Ocean, the Non Indigenous Species (NIS) algae were not found in our survey. Deception Island has been recolonized considerably since the recent eruptions, but many taxa are still very poorly represented and the colonizers present are mainly those with planktotrophic larvae. Examination of the literature revealed that to date 163 named marine species have been found within the caldera as well as at least 50 more morphospecies, which are yet to be identified. Species accumulation has consistently increased across eight recent samples reported and the number of species reported there is likely to reach 300 when taxa such as the nematodes are identified to species level. This represents a first meaningful total species estimate for an Antarctic marine area and, as the site is comparatively impoverished, indicates how rich the surrounding Antarctic shelf must be.

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